在烈火中炼就--省科技进步一等奖获得者、沙钢集团总工程师倪根来访谈

世界第一大跨径双塔双索面斜拉桥——苏通长江公路大桥2002年10月在长江口的南通市举行奠基仪式。其设计主跨径达1088米，比目前世界上最大跨径的日本多多罗大桥还长200米左右。大桥建设中最为关键的材料之一：高强度预应力混凝土(PC)中的重要构件钢绞线采用的就是张家港沙钢集团制造的1860MPa级PC钢绞线。不仅如此，“目前国内大部分的高速公路路基和大跨度斜拉桥钢索、涵洞、水     

考虑锈蚀预应力筋利用强度的PC梁受弯承载弯矩计算

针对钢绞线锈蚀导致黏结性能下降造成预应力混凝土(PC)梁抗弯承载弯矩下降的问题,引入锈蚀影响因子研究锈蚀对预应力筋强度利用的影响,基于锈蚀PC梁静载试验,给出预应力筋强度利用率与锈蚀率的关系,进而建立锈蚀PC梁抗弯承载弯矩计算模型并进行验证。研究结果表明:PC梁抗弯承载弯矩随钢绞线锈蚀的增大而降低;在极限状态下,钢绞线屈服与配筋率和锈蚀程度有关,当配筋率小于0.23时,无论锈蚀与否,钢绞线均会屈服,当配筋率大于该临界值(0.23)时,需考虑锈蚀对钢绞线强度利用率的影响;建立的模型具有较高的精度,可以合理地预测钢绞线锈蚀对PC梁抗弯承载弯矩的影响。     

预应力钢绞线加固混凝土短柱抗震性能研究

为研究预应力钢绞线加固钢筋混凝土(RC)短柱的抗震特性,对7个试件进行了低周反复加载试验.试验研究了轴压比、钢绞线配置特征值和预应力水平对加固短柱抗震性能的影响.结果表明,预应力钢绞线可有效改善RC短柱的抗震性能,延性和耗能能力显著提高,与未加固试件PC1相比,预应力钢绞线加固短柱的位移延性系数、累积耗能能力最大值分别提高1.87倍和6.78倍;钢绞线配置量及预应力水平对加固柱滞回曲线有明显的影响,其它条件相同时,钢绞线配置量大或者预应力水平较高的试件滞回曲线较饱满;对于低轴压比(n≤0.30)试件,钢绞线配置特征值达到0.119、预应力水不小于0.40时即可获得较好的抗震性能.在试验基础上,提出了预应力钢绞线加固RC圆形短柱的受剪承载力计算公式,计算结果与试验值总体吻合良好.成果为预应力钢绞线加固RC短柱提供了参考数据和设计计算方法.     

大直径高强预应力筋混凝土梁承载能力数值分析

目的研究大直径高强钢绞线预应力混凝土梁受力性能,进一步扩展大直径高强预应力筋在实际工程中的应用范围.方法以直径为17.8 mm的1860级钢绞线作为预应力筋,普通钢筋作为非预应力筋,设计制作了6根大直径高强钢绞线预应力混凝土简支梁.试验梁进行三分点加载试验,基于相关试验数据和数值分析方法,对大直径高强钢绞线预应力混凝土梁进行受弯承载力非线性研究,探讨预应力筋配筋率、非预应力配筋率、预应力筋强度指标和混凝土强度等级等参数对模拟梁构件承载力影响规律.结果预应力筋配筋率的提高即能够明显改善预应力混凝土梁构件变形性能,又能提高梁构件承载能力;混凝土强度等级与非预应力配筋率是影响梁构件受弯承载力的重要因素.结论通过对大直径高强预应力筋混凝土梁构件的参数分析,为工程实践提供依据的同时,也为其更广泛的技术应用提供设计参考.     

预应力锚索施工中几个问题的探讨

积石峡水电站左岸建筑物基础及边坡开挖工程施工过程中,由于局部岩石破碎,节理发育,并有较大的断层裂隙,为了保证高边坡的稳定,对局部布置1000KN级预应力锚索,其基本设计参数如下:设计张拉力P(KN):1000;超张拉力(KN):1150(115%P);钢绞线强度级别:1860MPa;钢绞线股数:7;内锚段直径(mm):≥120;锚固段长度(m):7;锚索形式:粘结式锚索;本人通过施工技术管理,有几个问题对于其它类似工程,具有良好的借鉴价值。     

可编程序控制器(PC)在木质锯沫胶合板生产过程中的应用

本设计采用了一台F1 -40MR主机为基本单元和一台F2-6A -E模拟量单元F1/F2系列PC实现该生产过程的控制 ,从而提高生产过程自动化水平 ,达到工业生产的优质、高产、节能与降低成本的需求     

如何提高预应力钢绞线张拉施工质量

文章介绍广州地区(新国际机场)高速路三元里立交D19-1标(二期)工程预应力钢绞线理论伸长值的计算方法,采取相应措施控制张拉施工质量以及降低张拉时的孔道摩阻损失.     

钢绞线网-聚合物砂浆加固钢筋混凝土柱的正截面承载力研究

对高强钢绞线网-聚合物砂浆加固钢筋混凝土柱进行大偏压和小偏压的试验研究与理论分析.考虑不同的混凝土强度等级、偏心距和钢绞线含量等设计参数,对比分析了各种因素影响下18根钢筋混凝土柱的破坏形态、承载力和变形性能等.在此基础上,归纳提出高强钢绞线网-聚合物砂浆加固钢筋混凝土柱的承载力计算公式,计算值与实验值吻合良好.     

预应力钢绞线动态力学拉伸性能及本构关系

首先利用电液伺服加载试验机对单束钢绞线在(10~(-3)~10~(-1)s~(-1))应变率范围内进行动态力学拉伸试验;然后根据实验数据,分析了不同应变率对屈服强度的影响规律;并对我国设计规范中用于硬钢类材料简化计算的Ramberg-Osgood本构模型进行修正,以获得可以更好地描述钢绞线动态拉伸应力-应变关系的本构模型。研究表明,单束钢绞线的应变率越大,其屈服应变和极限应变越小,屈服强度越大。修正后的Ramberg-Osgood本构模型能够较好地描述钢绞线动态拉伸应力-应变关系;并且随着应变率的增大,钢绞线的硬化指数减小,残余应变增大。     

Conductivity Studies of the Plasticized-Poly(methylmethacrylate) Polymer Electrolytes

1 Results In this work,five systems of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)-based polymer electrolytes films have been prepared by the solution casting technique.The five systems are the (PMMA-EC) system,the (PMMA PC) system,the (PMMA LiCF3SO3) system,the ([PMMA EC] LiCF3SO3) system and the ([PMMA PC] LiCF3SO3) system.The conductivity for each system is characterized using impedance spectroscopy.The conductivity of the pure PMMA,the (PMMA EC) system and the (PMMA PC) system at room temperature is 2.37×10-9,3.63×10-8 and 4.18×10-8 S·cm-1 respectively.On addition of the salt in the (PMMA LiCF3SO3) system,the conductivity is increased by two orders of magnitude.The conductivity is further increased for the plasticized-salted systems.The room temperature conductivity for the highest conducting film in the ([PMMA EC] LiCF3SO3) and ([PMMA PC] LiCF3SO3) systems is 3.54×10-5 and 2.06×10-5 S·cm-1,respectively.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the