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1.
含羟基马来酰亚胺固化邻甲酚醛环氧树脂   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
合成N-对羟基苯基马来酰亚胺,并将其用作固化剂固化邻甲酚醛环氧树脂.采用DSC方法研究了HPM固化邻甲酚醛环氧树脂反应的固化反应动力学.对固化产物的热分析结果表明:N-对羟基苯基马来酰亚胺是非常良好的耐热固化剂,可明显提高邻甲酚醛环氧树脂的耐热性能,固化产物的起始热分解温度为338℃,分解10%时的温度为386℃,700℃时的残留百分量为49%.  相似文献   

2.
丙烯酸酯-苯乙烯-马来酸酐三元共聚物降凝剂的制备   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
采用溶液聚合法合成丙烯酸酯-苯乙烯-马来酸酐三元共聚物作为柴油降凝剂.以正交试验设计法对工艺条件进行优化,试验结果表明:n(丙烯酸酯):n(苯乙烯):n(马来酸酐)=9:1:1、引发剂质量分数0.8%、反应温度90℃、反应时间8 h为最佳条件,降凝剂收率为64.15%,降凝剂质量分数为0.1%时,研究的3种柴油组分油的凝点分别降低了10,5,7℃,具有良好的降凝效果.  相似文献   

3.
苯乙烯-马来酸酐交替共聚物合成及表征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,甲苯为溶剂,采用溶液沉淀聚合工艺合成了苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物,并详细考察了聚合温度、引发剂用量、单体配比及聚合时间对聚合反应的影响.结果表明在温度80℃、引发剂用量0.7%、苯乙烯与马来酸酐配比1:1、时间2 h的条件下,聚合物收率可达96.6%.用13C NMR、IR、GPC、元素分...  相似文献   

4.
以过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂,环己酮为溶剂,用半连续溶液聚合法合成了苯乙烯-co-N-苯基马来酰亚胺无规共聚物.通过调节单体投料比,制得含N-苯基马来酰亚胺质量分数为17%~55%之间的二元共聚物.采用FTIR、元素分析、13CNMR技术对共聚物的化学组成、链序列结构进行了测试表征.证明该共聚物链序列结构无规、化学组成均一,这种结构特征将大大提高其与被改性的基体树脂的相容性.此外,用DSC,TGA对共聚物的热性能进行研究,得出共聚物组成中N-苯基马来酰亚胺的含量与其耐热性及热稳定性的规律曲线.随着N-苯基马来酰亚胺含量的增加,共聚物耐热性和热稳定性均明显提高.所以该共聚物是一种理想的树脂耐热改性剂.  相似文献   

5.
在不同升温速率条件下,用热分析法研究了碱式碳酸锌[2ZnCO3.3Zn(OH)2]在氮气氛中的热分解过程与热分解动力学.确定了碱式碳酸锌的热分解温度Ti,0=471.3 K;由K issinger与Coot-Redfem两种方法求得热分解反应的表观活化能E=177.1 kJ.mol-1.用13种常见的固体热分解机理函数对热分解过程进行计算,确定了碱式碳酸锌热分解是一级随机成核和随后生长机理,对应的机理函数为g(a)=-ln(1-a).  相似文献   

6.
单分散苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物微球增长方式探究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
以丁酸乙酯为溶剂,AIBN为引发剂,采用自稳定沉淀聚合法于80℃下制备了单分散苯乙烯-马来酸酐(St-MAH)共聚物微球。对反应过程中不同反应时间的单体转化率、共聚物分子量、微球形貌及粒径进行了研究。结果表明,St-MAH共聚物微球粒径的3次方与转化率成直线关系,说明共聚物微球的聚合反应属于活性增长机理;同时提出自稳定沉淀聚合体系制备单分散St-MAH共聚物微球成核过程为AIBN在溶剂中引发苯乙烯和马来酸酐共聚生成寡居物,当寡居物链达到临界长度时从溶剂中沉淀出来,沉淀出来的寡聚物链相互缠绕形成球核;成核后单个微球所含St-MAH共聚物分子链数与时间的关系和转化率、微球粒径与时间的关系趋势大体一致,证实了自稳定沉淀聚合法制备St-MAH共聚物微球的增长主要是溶剂中形成的寡居物沉积于微球表面而实现的。  相似文献   

7.
对石钢烧结生产配加马来西亚粉的可行性进行了实验和生产跟踪研究.通过实验梯度为5%的单烧试验,分析其对烧结矿利用系数、烧结矿转鼓强度及返矿率等指标的影响.结果显示其冶金性能有所改善,认为在该公司生产条件下配加马来西亚粉烧结是可行的.通过生产跟踪,发现基本符合实验研究的规律,并取得了一定的经济效益.确定其最佳的配比为10%~15%.  相似文献   

8.
马来松香丙烯醇酯聚合物的制备及表征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以松香为原料,通过3步反应,首次制得马来松香丙烯醇酯聚合物,探讨了酯化反应和聚合反应的最佳条件,对酯化产物进行了紫外、红外分析和酸值的测定;对聚合物进行了差热分析,软化点和分子量的测定.通过实验可以得出,酯化反应最佳条件为:马来松香与丙烯醇的物质的量之比为1∶3.5,催化剂的质量为马来松香的6.5%,反应时间5小时,最高温度为135℃;聚合反应最佳条件为:马来松香丙烯醇酯20克,三氯化铝3克,温度为75℃,反应时间4小时,所得产物容易分离纯化,最佳条件下所得酯化产物酸值99.7,酯化产率达96.3%;聚合物软化点240℃,平均分子量2632,聚合产率92.5%.  相似文献   

9.
马来海松酸酐合成新方法的研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
通过与环己胺成盐的方法分离松香中的树脂酸,在催化剂对甲基苯磺酸存在下与马来酸酐进行Diels-Alder反应合成马来海松酸酐. 当松香、马来酸酐摩尔比为1.9∶1.0,反应温度180℃,反应时间4h时,MPA的收率可达70.3%.  相似文献   

10.
含马来酰亚胺酚醛树脂在环氧改性中的应用   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
以N-(4-羟基苯基)马来酰亚胺为改性剂,合成了一系列不同马来酰亚胺含量的酚醛树脂(PMF),并以此作为一种新型的环氧固化剂对环氧树脂的热性能和阻燃性能进行改性研究.固化物的热性能研究发现由于马来酰亚胺结构的引入,固化物的初始热分解温度(380℃)和残炭率(700℃,48.6%)都有较大的提高.固化物的阻燃性能测试表明HPM的引入可有效地提高环氧固化物的阻燃性能.  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

14.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

15.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

16.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

17.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

18.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

19.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

20.
1 Rise of studies on climate change's effects on biodiversity
Until the 1980s, climate change and biodiversity were studied as two independent disciplines for more than a century. In 1992, the Ecological Society of America's annual report named climate change, biodiversity, and the sustainable ecological system as the three major global environmental issues of the twenty-first century [1].  相似文献   

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