浓乳液聚合法制备聚(苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯)微球的研究

以苯乙烯、二乙烯基苯为单体,采用浓乳液聚合的方法制备得到聚(苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯)微球.通过热失重分析仪研究了聚(苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯)微球的热降解性能,并研究了单体配比、乳化剂用量等对该微球粒径及形态的影响.结果表明:乳化剂用量越多,聚(苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯)微球粒径越小;二乙烯基苯用量越多,微球粒径也越小.     

单分散聚苯乙烯微球的制备与表征

以苯乙烯（St）为单体,采用无皂乳液聚合法及分散聚合法制备了不同粒径的聚苯乙烯微球（PS微球）。运用傅立叶红外光谱（FT-IR）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、场发射扫描电镜（FE-SEM）、纳米粒径分析仪等手段,对微球的组成成分、表面形态、粒径及其分布进行了表征。结果表面,微球粒径均匀,球形度良好且呈单分散性。     

蒸馏沉淀聚合法制备单分散交联聚苯乙烯微球

以乙腈为溶剂,以过氧化二苯甲酰（BPO）为引发剂进行了苯乙烯（St）和二乙烯基苯（DVB）的蒸馏沉淀共聚合研究,制得粒径2-3μm的单分散交联聚苯乙烯微球．结果表明,当单体总量和BPO用量增加时,微球粒径增大,产率升高．当交联剂DVB用量增加时,微球平均粒径增大,粒径分布变窄,产率升高．随着混合溶剂中乙醇含量的下降,粒径分布变窄,产率升高．在其他条件基本相同的情况下,用长分馏柱所得的聚合物微球具有较好的形貌．     

自稳定沉淀聚合法制备交联(α-甲基苯乙烯-马来酸酐)共聚物微粒的研究

采用自稳定沉淀聚合方法制备了交联（α-甲基苯乙烯-马来酸酐）共聚物(PAMSM)微球,探讨了交联剂种类、交联剂用量对所得交联聚合物粒子形貌、粒径、粒径分布及热力学性能的影响。结果表明,以二乙烯基苯（DVB）为交联剂所制得的聚合物微球的粒径、粒径分布及形貌随二乙烯基苯用量的增加变化不大,而以乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯和三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂微球的粒径则随交联剂用量的增多而增大,在较高交联剂用量条件下粒径分布变宽。微球的交联程度可以通过交联剂用量的变化进行调控。对交联PAMSM产物的热性能分析发现,交联剂可以提高PAMSM的玻璃化转变温度,且提高的程度与交联剂在分子链中的化学结构有关,而交联剂对PAMSM热稳定性能的影响不明显。     

由大分子PMMA-DPE引发制备Poly(St-alt-MAn)微球

在1,1-二苯基乙烯（DPE）存在下,以甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）为初始单体,偶氮二异丁腈（AIBN）为引发剂,采用本体聚合法制备出含有DPE片段的大分子引发剂PMMA-DPE;然后以PMMA-DPE 为引发剂,以苯乙烯（St）和马来酸酐（MAn）为共聚单体,乙酸异戊酯为溶剂,采用自稳定沉淀聚合法制备了单分散的聚（苯乙烯-马来酸酐）（Poly（St-alt-MAn））的微球。研究了 PMMA-DPE 的用量对聚合物微球的形态、粒径大小及分布的影响。采用 FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR和 GPC 对产物的结构进行了表征,并用 SEM 观察了聚合物微球的形貌。结果表明,PMMA-DPE 能够引发 St 和 MAn 的共聚合,随着 PMMA-DPE用量的增加,聚合反应的转化率呈增大趋势,聚合物微球的粒径呈下降趋势,而粒径分布系数略有增大。     

四元共聚反应性微凝胶制备的研究

采用微乳液聚合工艺,用半连续加料法合成了以甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为功能单体、以二乙烯基苯(DVB)为交联剂的苯乙烯(St)/丙烯酸丁酯(BA)共聚微凝胶,考察了软硬单体配比、非离子和阴离子乳化剂配比和用量及MMA、DVB用量对共聚物乳液的粒径及其分布、粘度和成膜性能的影响.     

分散聚合制备聚苯乙烯微球

以苯乙烯为单体,聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP)为分散稳定剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,研究了分散聚合体系中各组分,如单体、分散介质和引发剂等用量的变化对聚合物微球的粒径大小及粒度分布的影响,并利用扫描电子显微镜对微球表面形貌进行了观测.结果表明,体系中的单体浓度、分散介质特性、引发剂用量对所制备微球的粒径大小及粒度分布具有重要影响.通过调整配方,选择合适的工艺参数,可成功制备出粒径2~5 μm、单分散性良好的聚苯乙烯微球,且微球表面光洁,外形均匀对称,相互之间没有粘连.     

氨基聚苯乙烯微球的制备与表征

采用分散聚合法以苯乙烯(St)为单体、偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为分散剂、乙醇和水的混合液为分散介质合成了聚苯乙烯微球,再通过硝化反应与还原反应制成了粒径均匀,稳定性好的氨基聚苯乙烯微球.通过扫描电子显微镜、激光粒径分析仪对微球的外观形貌、单分散性分别进行表征,并用电导滴定法测定了微球表面氨基含量.结果表明,所合成的氨基聚苯乙烯微球粒径在2 μm左右,具有良好的单分散性且氨基含量较高.     

用于构建液相芯片的单分散性聚苯乙烯微球的合成研究

报道了一种液相芯片的微球敏感元件载体的制备方法.利用分散聚合法,以苯乙烯(St)为聚合单体,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为稳定剂,乙醇和水作为分散介质,合成了微米级单分散性聚苯乙烯微球,详细探讨了单体浓度、引发剂、稳定剂的用量对微球的粒径及单分散性的影响,并对微球的表面形貌进行了表征.结果表明,制备的聚苯乙烯微球作为液相芯片的敏感元件载体,具有良好的单分散性,粒径约2.2 μm,并且表面光滑致密,适合下一步在其表面引入羧基、氨基等功能基团以进行表面化学与生物活化,从而制成液相芯片的敏感元件.     

大粒径单分散聚合物交联微球的制备

采用分散聚合法制备出粒径8.21μm,分散系数约为0.04,交联度约为12.6%的单分散聚合微球,考察了交联剂加入方式用量,加入时间及抗坏血酸用量等因素对合成聚合物PS微球粒径和分布的影响.实验结果表明,当单体St质量分数为28.8%～33.5%,引发剂用量m(AIBN)∶m(St)=0.03～0.06,稳定剂用量m(PVP)∶m(St)=0.5～0.8,采用交联剂DVB后滴入法,交联剂用量m(DVB)∶m(St)=0.02～0.08,在反应进行到6h后开始滴加DVB,2h滴加完,可合成出单分散性好、分散系数低、大粒径高交联的PS微球.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.