以Cr（Ⅲ）作为媒染剂消除媒染残浴中的Cr（Ⅵ）

探讨了在媒染阶段采用Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）的配合物作为媒染剂从而完全消除媒染残浴中的Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）．选用５－磺基水杨酸钠盐（ＳＳＡ）作为特效配位体，使其与Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）结合后形成一种特殊的配位化合物（ＳＳ－Ｃｒ（Ⅲ））．它能携带Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）到羊毛上并将Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）转交给已经上染的媒介染料从而使媒染过程成为可能．通过大量的实验研究确定了ＳＳＡ与Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）的最佳摩尔配比以及ＳＳＡ对羊毛上染百分率的测试方法．实验结果表明，与羊毛的传统媒染方法相比，此法可获得满意的色泽及牢度，且染品的手感有明显的改善．考虑在减溶解度测试过程中ＳＳＡ自来品上解吸这一因素，经新法媒染的染品碱溶解度与传统媒染的类似．     

以五倍子为例探究传统草木染技术对亚麻面料的染色研究

以五倍子为草木染染材,以硫酸亚铁(皂矾)为媒染剂,对亚麻布进行黑色染色深度研究,研究发现染液浓度、染煮时间、温度等对染色效果影响较大。随着染色温度、媒染剂浓度、媒染时间的增加染色效果越来越好,实验得出最佳染色条件。     

纯棉针织物的秦皮天然染料染色

以水为提取剂从中药秦皮中提取天然染料对纯棉针织物进行染色,研究不同媒染方式以及染料质量浓度、染浴pH值、染色温度及时间、媒染剂硫酸亚铁用量等后媒法染色工艺对纯棉针织物染色效果的影响.结果表明,后媒法染色效果最好,秦皮天然染料对纯棉针织物的后媒染染色最佳工艺为：秦皮天然染料质量浓度12g/L,染液pH 4,染色温度90℃,染色时间60min,媒染剂硫酸亚铁用量5g/L.织物经后媒染染色后得色均匀,各项色牢度较好.     

红花对棉针织物的染色及抑菌性能研究

红花既是常见中草药,也是常用的天然食用色素,本文探索了红花在纺织印染领域中的应用.采用超声波水提法从中药材红花中提取染料色素,通过预媒染色法对棉针织物进行染色;在媒染剂明矾用量5 g/L,预媒处理时间30 min,染色温度70℃、保温时间60 min的优化工艺条件下,15％(o.w.f)用量的红花色素对棉针织物染色后的...     

万寿菊黄色染料在羊毛织物上染色的研究

实验研究了植物染料万寿菊的提取及其在藏羊毛织物上的染色性能。采用后媒染染色实验方法,其优化工艺条件为:染液的料液比为10 g/200 mL,染液的pH=4,铝媒染剂用量5%(o.w.f),染色温度80℃。该植物染料染得的藏羊毛织物颜色鲜亮,具有良好的耐洗、耐光及耐摩擦色牢度,可以作为一种染羊毛的天然黄色染料。     

革兰氏染色结果的影响因素及原因分析

研究了菌龄、涂片厚度、媒染时间、乙醇脱色程度等对革兰氏染色结果的影响。结果表明，在进行革兰氏染色时，大肠杆菌在营养琼脂培养基上的培养时间不宜超过25小时，涂片时应为均匀薄片，媒染时间以30～60s为宜。乙醇脱色程度是革兰氏染色的关键，脱色时间应严格控制在20—30s。而枯草芽孢杆菌的培养时间不宜超过16小时，媒染时间以30～90s为宜，脱色时间应严格控制在30s以内。     

橡子壳色素的染发性能研究

以橡子壳20%的乙醇水溶液提取物为染料,采用先染后媒的染色方法,探讨媒染剂种类、上染温度、染液pH、染色时间、染料浓度等对染发效果的影响.实验结果表明,Fe~(2+)和Fe~(3+)使毛发显示为灰绿色,Al~(3+)和Zn~(2+)显示出黄色.以5%的FeSO_4·7H_2O为媒染剂,改变染色工艺条件,能得到色彩丰富的上染效果.用于染发剂,橡子壳提取物是一种颜色较为丰富、对毛发损伤程度小、色牢度好且安全性高的天然染料.     

三价铬媒染剂的合成及其在羊毛毛条连续染色上的应用

合成了三种三价铬络合物NM－1、NM－2和NM－3,通过化学分析、色谱和光谱分析,证明三种络合物为目标产物;应用性能研究表明,NM－3在羊毛上的吸附速率较高,与酸性媒介黑T能进行较完全的络合物转化反应,因此NM－3作媒染剂进行羊毛毛条连续染色同浴媒时得色乌黑,色牢度较好。     

天然植物染料黄连在毛织物染色中的应用

用黄连提取液染羊毛织物，通过正交试验确定了直接染色和预媒染染色的最佳工艺条件，并分析了各染色条件对黄连染毛织物的色差值的影响。色牢度测试表明黄连染毛织物的耐摩擦牢度较好，皂洗牢度较差。     

柘木染色实验及研究

柘木是桑科植物柘树的材质,用其所染之黄色,名为柘黄.此色有别于其他染料所染之黄色,在中国古代很长一段时间内都是皇帝服装的专用色.柘木染色实验的结果,确认柘黄这种颜色是在酸性柘木染液中所染,勿需加任何媒染剂,以及其L＊、a＊、b＊值大致范围,期望为定性和定量描述柘黄这个颜色提供一定的参考依据.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme     

WIMAX与WI-FI技术分析及联合组网

介绍了WiMAX与Wi-Fi两种无线宽带接入技术,并对两者之间的关系及相互之间的影响做了对比及分析,并对WiMAX的关键技术进行了详细说明,最后对两者的联合组网方式做了简单的探讨。