盐胁迫下水稻,番茄蛋白变化的电泳分析

水稻品种９０１７经盐胁迫后,分子量约为４５ＫＤ蛋白质减少,约为３８ＫＤ蛋白质增加,同时出现了分子量与调渗蛋白相类似的２６ＫＤ蛋白质,随着盐胁迫浓度的提高及胁迫时间的加长,上述蛋白质谱带变化更为明显。番茄品种白果丰经盐胁迫后其真叶中分子量约为１４ＫＤ和１７ＫＤ蛋白质减少,同时诱导出一条分子量约为２２ＫＤ的新带。     

盐胁迫下水稻、番茄蛋白质变化的电泳分析

水稻品种 90 1 7经盐胁迫后 ,分子量约为 45 KD蛋白质减少 ,约为 38KD蛋白质增加 ,同时出现了分子量与调渗蛋白相类似的 2 6 KD蛋白质 ,随着盐胁迫浓度的提高及胁迫时间的加长 ,上述蛋白质谱带变化更为明显 .番茄品种白果强丰经盐胁迫后其真叶中分子量约为1 4KD和 1 7KD蛋白质减少 ,同时诱导出一条分子量约为 2 2 KD的新带 .     

甜瓜成株抗感枯萎病品种过氧化物酶同工酶研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析比较了甜瓜花期和座果期不同抗感枯萎病品种的ＰＯＤ同工酶酶谱。结果表明：在二个时期甜瓜ＰＯＤ同工酶在酶带数目、相对活性上存在明显差异，ＰＯＤ同工酶与品种抗病性相关，通过成株期ＰＯＤ同工酶分析为抗病新品种选择提供了依据     

不同瓣型榆叶梅品种不同生育期、不同部位POD同工酶的研究

通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,分析比较了榆叶梅不同瓣型品种在不同生育期及不同部位的ＰＯＤ同工酶酶谱。结果表明：在３个生育期及不同部位榆叶梅ＰＯＤ同工酶带数目及活性上均表现出显著差异,尤其是在结果期,不同瓣型与ＰＯＤ同工酶显著相关,为榆叶梅的繁殖与遗传研究提供了依据。     

盐胁迫下水稻和黑麦幼苗蛋白质组份的变化

耐盐的779水稻幼苗中,盐胁迫后诱导出66kD/P15\5和26kD/p16.0的特异蛋白组份,并有多种蛋白质组份消失和含量减少现象,而在盐敏感的早花2号水稻中,虽然也有少数蛋白质组份被诱导产生,但没有检测到66kD和26kD两种蛋白质组份,并且双向SDS－PAGE谱型相对稳定,一般耐盐的黑麦幼苗中经盐胁迫后也诱导出26kD蛋白组份,因此,66kD,26kD两种蛋白组份可能与耐盐性有关。     

2,4-D对水稻幼苗过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性及同工酶的影响

用不同浓度的２,４－Ｄ处理水稻幼苗,结果表明：高浓度的２,４－Ｄ对水稻幼苗的过氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ）、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）的活性有明显抑制作用,ＰＯＤ、ＳＯＤ的同工酶谱带有的减弱或消失;低浓度的２,４－Ｄ对ＰＯＤ、ＳＯＤ有激活作用,ＰＯＤ、ＳＯＤ同工酶谱带有的增强或出现新谱带．     

不同NaCl处理条件诱导盐胁迫蛋白的效果

应用四因素两水平正交实验设计，研究不同ＮａＣｌ处理条件对高粱蛋白质ＳＤＳ－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳谱带的影响。结果表明：高浓度ＮａＣｌ和长时间处理所诱导的盐胁迫蛋白不同；低龄高盐组合诱导出的盐胁迫蛋白种类较多；处理方式对蛋白质在细胞中的含量无显著影响。     

盐适应和非盐适应红豆草（OnobrychisviciifoliaScop）愈伤组织蛋白质组分变化

通过在培养基逐代增加氯化钠浓度的方法获得耐０．５％、１．０％、１．５％ＮａＣｌ的红豆草愈伤组织细胞系，并分别继代培养３０、２５、２０次，与非盐适应细胞系的蛋白质电泳图谱相比，其蛋白质ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ图谱中出现了８３ＫＤ、３５ＫＤ和１８ＫＤ蛋白质，而非盐适应细胞系中的７０ＫＤ、３７ＫＤ、３２ＫＤ蛋白质则消失或减少．上述８３ＫＤ、３５ＫＤ、１８ＫＤ蛋白质的诱导产生和红豆草愈伤组织在盐环境中表现出的适应性相伴随发生，表明这三种蛋白质可能与抗盐性有关．     

2,4—D对水稻幼苗过氧化物酶,超氧化物歧化酶活性？…

用不同浓度的２,４－Ｄ处理水稻幼苗,结果表明：高浓度的２,４－Ｄ对水稻幼苗的过氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ）、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）的活性有明显抑制作用,ＰＯＤ、ＳＯＤ的同工酶谱带有的减弱或消失;低浓度的２,４－Ｄ对ＰＯＤ、ＳＯＤ有激活作用,ＰＯＤ、ＳＯＤ同工酶谱带有的增强或出现新谱带。     

1－4℃低温对番茄、菜花幼苗生长及胚轴同工酶的影响

１－４℃低温下培养番茄、菜花两种蔬菜幼苗发现，番茄对寒害反应敏感，菜花则耐寒性很强，测定两种幼苗胚轴内ＡＴＰａｓｅ、ＰＯＤ同工酶发现，番茄中两种酶同工酶的谱带数减少，菜花中同工酶未见变化，表明蔬菜幼苗耐寒性强弱与胚轴内ＡＴＰａｓｅ、ＰＯＤ同工酶的变化呈明显的相关性，这一结果可为探讨蔬菜幼苗的耐寒性机理提供依据．     

小麦耐盐突变体筛选及生理生化特性分析

以小麦幼穗、幼胚为原料材料,进行耐盐突变体的筛选,并对其愈伤组织及再生植株后代进行耐盐稳定性的生理生化分析,结果表明 （１）耐盐系在高盐浓度下其鲜重、干重明显高于对照系;（２）耐盐系保持较高的Ｋ＾＋／Ｎａ＾＋比;（３）对照系种子有１１条醇溶蛋白电泳带,而耐盐系为１４条,与对照系相比Ｂ２、Ｂ３、Ｂ４带为耐盐所特有,Ｂ１带含量高于对照物,但Ｂ５带含量低于对照系;（４）耐盐系再生植株后代可溶蛋白电泳带为     

小麦耐盐系筛选及稳定性研究

以小麦幼穗、幼胚为原始材料,进行耐盐突变体的筛选,并对其愈伤组织及再生植株后代进行耐盐稳定性的生理生化分析。结果表明：耐盐系在高盐浓度下其鲜重、干重明显高于对照系;耐盐系保持较高的Ｋ＾＋／Ｎａ＾＋比;与对照组相比,耐盐系种子醇溶蛋白电泳带有１４条,其中Ｂ２,Ｂ３,Ｂ４带为耐盐系所特有,Ｂ１带含量高于对照。但对照Ｂ５带合成量增加;耐盐系再生植株后代可溶蛋白电泳带耐盐系为２８条蛋白带,而对照系为２６条     

RAPD tagging of a salt tolerant gene in rice

A salt tolerant rice mutant was obtained through tissue culture. The inheritance of salt tolerance in F2 population of mutant crossed with its original variety under salt stress was studied. According to the standard, the ratio of salt tolerant: sensitive was about 3:1 suggesting that there was a major gene related to salt tolerance in the mutant. By RAPD analysis with 220 10-mer primers, the gene was tagged by a 1.0 kb DNA fragment named OPS12-10 which was located on chromosome 7. The genetic distance between the major salt tolerant gene was 16.4 cm.     

Transformation of japonica rice with RHL gene and salt tolerance of the transgenic rice plant

Overexpression of the yeast HAL2 gene increases salt tolerance of yeast and plant. Rice HAL2-like (RHL) gene was introduced into a japonica rice cultivar HJ19 with Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Transgenic plants in R0 generation were selected on the principle of GUS-positive, RHL gene PCR-positive and normal growth. Hygromycin-resistant plants of some transgenic lines in R1 generation increased salt tolerance during the seedling and booting stage, being less damaged in the cytomembrane and stronger in leaf tissue viability under salt stress during booting period. Southern analysis of transgenic lines tolerant to salt in R1 generation showed that the RHL gene expression cassette had been successfully integrated into rice genome. Moreover, gene engineering breeding methodology and really salt-tolerant rice cultivar were discussed.     

Transformation of japonica rice with<Emphasis Type="Italic">RHL</Emphasis> gene and salt tolerance of the transgenic rice plant

Overexpression of the yeastHAL2 gene increases salt tolerance of yeast and plant. RiceHAL2-like (RHL) gene was introduced into ajaponica rice cultivar HJ19 withAgrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Transgenic plants in R₀ generation were selected on the principle of GUS-positive,RHL gene PCR-positive and normal growth. Hygromycin-resistant plants of some transgenic lines in R₁ generation increased salt tolerance during the seedling and booting stage, being less damaged in the cytomembrane and stronger in leaf tissue viability under salt stress during booting period. Southern analysis of transgenic lines tolerant to salt in R₁ generation showed that theRHL gene expression cassette had been successfully integrated into rice genome. Moreover, gene engineering breeding methodology and really salt-tolerant rice cultivar were discussed.     

山楂种子休眠与萌发生理研究 Ⅴ.山楂种子POD活性及其同工酶的变化与休眠的关系

对不同采收期及层积前后的山楂种子过氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ）活性及其同工酶的变化进行研究，结果表明：８月２５日以前采收的种子种仁中ＰＯＤ活性随成熟度的提高呈增加的趋势，之后趋平稳；而种皮中ＰＯＤ活性８月２５日前基本平稳，以后迅速下降。随成熟度的提高，种仁中ＰＯＤ同工酶条带数有所增加，而种皮中其条带数不变，只是随成熟度的提高酶带颜色变浅。层积后未裂壳的种子种仁和种皮中ＰＯＤ活性与干藏种子差异不显著，而层积后裂壳的种子种仁和种皮中ＰＯＤ活性均显著高于干藏及层积未裂壳的种子；层积后，在ＰＯＤ同工酶谱中，种仁缺少了原有的２条酶带，但增加了４条新的酶带；种皮保留了原有的酶带，并增加了７条新的酶带。     

不同早籼稻品种幼苗期的耐冷生理鉴定

为了解4个早籼稻品种幼苗期耐冷性的生理特点,在人工气候箱内经26℃(对照)、12℃、10℃和6℃处理4 d后,测定分析水稻幼苗过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、抗坏血酸(AsA)含量、可溶性蛋白质含量及电解质渗漏率6个生理指标的变化及其与抗冷性的关系.结果表明,在相同低温胁迫条件下,株两优120和金优L2两个早籼稻品种幼苗期POD活性、CAT活性、AsA含量及可溶性蛋白质含量均高于准两优143和湘早籼45号,而MDA含量及电解质渗漏率均低于准两优143和湘早籼45号.上述结果说明两系法杂交稻株两优120的耐冷性最强,三系杂交水稻金优L2次之,两系法杂交稻准两优143和常规水稻湘早籼45号耐冷性稍差.     

Comparative mapping of QTLs for Al tolerance in rice and identification of positional Al-induced genes

Aluminum (A1) toxicity is the major factor limiting crop productivity in acid soils. In this study, a recombinant inbreed line (RIL) population derived from a cross between an A1 sensitive lowland indica rice variety IR1552 and an A1 tolerant upland japonica rice variety Azucena, was used for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for A1 tolerance. Three QTLs for relative root length (RRL) were detected on chromosome 1,9, 12, respectively, and 1 QTL for root length under A1 stress is identical on chromosome 1 after one week and two weeks stress. Comparison of QTLs on chromosome 1 from different studies indicated an identical interval between C86 and RZ801 with gene(s) for A1 tolerance. This interval provides an important start point for isolating genes responsible for A1 tolerance and understanding the genetic nature of Al tolerance in rice. Four A1 induced ESTs located in this interval were screened by reverse Northern analysis and confirmed by Northern analysis. They would be candidate genes for the QTL.