一种应用于DC-OFDM系统的FFT处理器设计

设计了一种应用于双载波正交频分复用(DC-OFDM)无线通信系统的高速、低功耗快速傅里叶变换(FFT)处理器.为降低传统并行架构带来的硬件实现开销,提出了一种新型的结合FFT分解的多路并行架构,有效减少了实现所需的乘法器和加法器数目,在提高处理器数据吞吐率的同时,进行了芯片面积的优化.另外,采用提出的处理单元实现不同的基运算,并对基-2、基-22、基-23、基-24不同架构下的定点FFT运算所需的硬件开销进行定量分析,以选择最优的基结构.最后,介绍了旋转因子乘法器的设计.设计实现的128点FFT处理器采用SMIC 0.13μm CMOS工艺,芯片面积为1.44 mm2,最大数据吞吐率达到1GS/s,在典型工作频率500MS/s下的功耗为39.5mW.与现有其他128点FFT处理器相比,减小了面积,节约了功耗.     

基于ASIC的128点FFT处理器的设计

所研究的芯片是128点定点FFT处理器,该处理器主要应用于超宽带无线通信系统.采用一种适合于128点快速傅里叶变换(FFT)的混合基-22/2的按频率抽取算法,并在此基础上设计一种并行运算与流水线结构相结合的硬件系统.详细描述了系统状态机的设计,最终实现了一个满足时序和设计工艺要求,达到了以下指标:工作频率66 MHz,芯片面积3.54 mm2,功耗为71.6 mW的高性能的FFT的IP处理器核.     

全流水FFT处理器的VLSI设计与实现

提出了一种适用于OFDM系统的快速全流水FFT处理器结构.考虑时域抽取(DIT)和频域抽取(DIF)算法的有限字长效应,采用DIF算法.首先对FFT碟形变换的复乘法进行简化,然后提出相应的流水线碟形处理单元(BPE),最后采用0.13μm1.08 V CMOS工艺实现了64点基2 DIF FFT处理器.综合结果显示,该处理器能够工作在200 MHz,面积和功耗分别为2.9 mm2和15 mW.提出的全流水FFT处理器能够广泛应用于WALN、DVB-T、ADSL以及其它基于OFDM的多载波系统.     

基于寄存器组的FFT处理器

针对目前快速傅里叶变换(FFT)处理器存储器访问算法复杂度较高,实现起来面积较大的问题,采用寄存器交换策略实现无冲突地址读写.以存储器迭代结构为主体构建FFT处理器结构,并设计了一种基于流水线的蝶形运算单元.根据基4蝶形运算数据选择的规律性,采用数据移位操作可以去除存储器中的地址解码器和控制逻辑.采用门控时钟降低系统的功耗.设计的FFT处理器通过SMIC 0.18μm工艺综合仿真,其面积为0.6 mm2,整个处理过程只需要60个时钟周期.在20 MHz的工作频率下,系统的平均动态功耗为7mW.该结构可以满足IEEE 802.11a的要求,并且具有小面积及高效的特点.     

一种适用于MIMO SC-FDMA系统的高效时域信道估计

提出一种由Golay互补序列构造双边梳状导频的低开销时隙结构和时域信道估计方案,其适用于时变频率选择性衰落信道中的MIMO SC-FDMA系统.结合左循环移位的快速周期Golay相关和右循环移位的快速周期Golay相关,提出一种在时域中高效实现MIMO信道估计的对称格形结构.对比采用快速傅里叶变换的频域信道估计方案,采用该格形结构实现时域信道估计,其计算复杂度显著降低.低复杂度能降低处理器功耗,有助于实现"绿色通信".仿真结果表明,在高速移动信道中,对于信道估计均方误差和平均误码率性能,提出的方案具有优势.     

大规模MIMO系统中基于空时相关性的导频减小算法

在大规模多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output,MIMO)系统信道估计过程中,基站向用户端发送导频信号.由于导频数量与基站发射天线的数量成正比,传统信道估计过程会产生巨大的导频开销,尤其是对于采用频分双工通信方式的(frequency-division duplexing,FDD)大规模MIMO系统.为了解决这一问题,通过利用无线MIMO信道的空间公共稀疏性和时间相关性,提出一种基于压缩感知(compressed sensing,CS)技术的导频开销减小算法,其中,空时相关性用来提高信道估计精度.该算法能够在未知大规模MIMO系统信道稀疏度的情况下,自适应地获取精确的信道状态信息.分析和仿真结果表明提出的算法在减少导频开销方面优于局部公共支撑算法,同时能够维持良好的信道估计性能.     

OFDM系统中FFT处理器的版图设计

用Astro工具设计FFT处理器版图流程.在设计FFT处理器版图过程中,采用新的电源网络设计方法进行电源/地Pad数量、电源环和电源条设计,采用布线前设定高层跳线方式和布线后插入保护二极管方式消除天线效应,通过整个版图设计过程防止串扰效应实现串扰不超过设定的阈值,并对布局阻塞违规和布线违规提出解决办法.实现了满足时序和制造工艺要求的FFT处理器版图,达到项目设定的各项性能指标要求.     

FFT处理器的高密度可编逻辑器件实现

为了提高快速离散傅立叶变换（FFT）的处理速度,研究了一种宜于高密度可编逻辑器件（CLPD）实现FFT处理器的硬件结构,并利用CPLDFLEX10K设计和实现了128点FFT单片处理器,系统的仿真表明,该处理器运算结果正确,在系统时钟频率为20MHz时,128点复数FFT处理器的计算时间小于230us。研究表明：CPLD与FFT的结合将提高FFT的处理速度,从而使FFT的应用更加广泛。     

基于旋转直积码本的3D有限反馈SDMA方案

为平衡反馈开销和系统性能,在频分双工(FDD)系统下,针对三维多输入多输出(3D MIMO)系统的多用户预编码问题,提出一种应用于3D MIMO系统的基于统计信道信息的空分多址(SDMA)方法.首先,基于三维信道的空间相关性,提出3D MIMO中基于旋转直积的用户分簇码本设计,码本中每个分簇基的列向量相互正交,可作为发送方向用于下行预编码;其次,用户根据下行信道估计所得到的发端相关矩阵选取所在的分簇基及发送方向,并以长周期将其索引反馈至基站;最后,基站调度用户实现下行多用户传输.仿真结果表明:在信道相关性较高的情况下,该方法可以显著提升系统的吞吐量,且只须长时间向基站反馈信息,上行反馈开销极小.     

应用于UWB的128点FFT处理器的物理设计

在SoC Encounter 5.2的平台上,对应用于UWB无线通信的128点FFT处理器进行了物理设计.在前端综合以及可测性设计后导出的FFT处理器门级网表的基础上,采用SMIC 0.18μmCMOS工艺,进行了布图规划、电源规划、布局、时钟树综合、静态时序分析与优化、布线等步骤.在完成详细布线之后,对该设计进行物理...     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme     

WIMAX与WI-FI技术分析及联合组网

介绍了WiMAX与Wi-Fi两种无线宽带接入技术,并对两者之间的关系及相互之间的影响做了对比及分析,并对WiMAX的关键技术进行了详细说明,最后对两者的联合组网方式做了简单的探讨。