Low-temperature magnetic properties of horse spleen ferritin

The magnetic properties of the antiferromagnetic cores in ferritin are of importance in the construction and improvement of ferritin-based magnetic resonance imaging systems and their application to environmental magnetism. In this study, we carry out integrated magnetic and transmission electron microscopy analyses of horse spleen ferritin (HoSF) to understand the relationships between the magnetic behavior of HoSF and temperature, applied field and grain-size distributions. The R-value from the Wohlfarth-Cisowski test for the investigated sample at 5 K was 0.46, indicating very weak magnetostatic interactions among the nanoparticles of HoSF. The nanoparticles of HoSF show superparamagnetic properties at room temperature, while below the blocking temperature of T _b ≈ 12 K it has a net magnetic moment that comes from the uncompensated spins of the nanoparticle surface or spin-canting. The thermal relaxation process of HoSF follows the Néel-Arrhenius expression. From low-temperature AC susceptibility data, we calculated the effective magnetic anisotropy energy E _a=(5.52±0.16)×10^?21 J; the effective magnetic anisotropy energy constant K _eff =(4.65±0.14)×10⁴ J/m³ and the pre-exponential frequency factor f ₀=(4.52±2.93)×10¹¹ Hz. These values are useful in understanding the magnetic behavior of the antiferromagnetic nanoparticles and their potential application in biomedical technology.     

光学界面自旋波与界面各向异性

计入外磁场、体和界面单轴各向异性后，详细研究了铁磁或反铁磁层间耦合的自旋双链系统中的光学界面自旋波及其存在的充要条件．结果发现：对于不同的界面各向异性，该系统可以存在０、１和２个光学界面自旋波，其能量随铁磁层间耦合强度的增大而升高，却随反铁磁层间耦合强度的增大而降低．     

Perpendicular switching of a single ferromagnetic layer induced by in-plane current injection

Modern computing technology is based on writing, storing and retrieving information encoded as magnetic bits. Although the giant magnetoresistance effect has improved the electrical read out of memory elements, magnetic writing remains the object of major research efforts. Despite several reports of methods to reverse the polarity of nanosized magnets by means of local electric fields and currents, the simple reversal of a high-coercivity, single-layer ferromagnet remains a challenge. Materials with large coercivity and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy represent the mainstay of data storage media, owing to their ability to retain a stable magnetization state over long periods of time and their amenability to miniaturization. However, the same anisotropy properties that make a material attractive for storage also make it hard to write to. Here we demonstrate switching of a perpendicularly magnetized cobalt dot driven by in-plane current injection at room temperature. Our device is composed of a thin cobalt layer with strong perpendicular anisotropy and Rashba interaction induced by asymmetric platinum and AlOx interface layers. The effective switching field is orthogonal to the direction of the magnetization and to the Rashba field. The symmetry of the switching field is consistent with the spin accumulation induced by the Rashba interaction and the spin-dependent mobility observed in non-magnetic semiconductors, as well as with the torque induced by the spin Hall effect in the platinum layer. Our measurements indicate that the switching efficiency increases with the magnetic anisotropy of the cobalt layer and the oxidation of the aluminium layer, which is uppermost, suggesting that the Rashba interaction has a key role in the reversal mechanism. To prove the potential of in-plane current switching for spintronic applications, we construct a reprogrammable magnetic switch that can be integrated into non-volatile memory and logic architectures. This device is simple, scalable and compatible with present-day magnetic recording technology.     

伊辛自旋梯的磁化平台和热力学性质研究

利用传递矩阵方法严格求解了混自旋S=1和S=3/2组成的伊辛自旋梯,考察了系统的磁化过程及外磁场下各向异性对系统热力学性质的影响.发现系统最近邻为铁磁性交换作用,链间次近邻为反铁磁性作用时,系统的磁化强度在m=1/4和m=3/4处出现磁化平台现象,与量子模型中的磁化平台可能出现的位置一致.系统的磁比热和磁化率曲线中出现了新颖的双峰现象.     

声学界面自旋波与界面各向异性

考虑了外磁场，体和界面各向异性后，详细研究了铁磁或反铁磁层间耦合下自旋双链系统中的声学界面自旋波及其存在的充要条件，发现在适当的界面各向异性的条件下，该系统可以存在０，１或２个声学界面自旋波，其能量随铁磁层间耦合强度的增大而升高，却随反铁磁层间耦合强度的增大而降低。     

声-光型界面自旋波与界面各向异性

在考虑了外磁场、界面各向异性后，详细研究了铁磁和反铁磁层间耦合下自旋双链系统中的声－光型界面自旋波及其存在的充要条件．在适当的界面各向异性条件下，系统中可以存在０、１或２个声－光型界面自旋波，并发现其能量随铁磁层间耦合强度的增大而升高，随反铁磁层间耦合强度的增大而降低．     

A-B-A系统界面各相异性与声学型界面自旋波存在条件

计入外磁场、铁磁和反铁磁层间耦合、体和界面各向异性后,研究了Ａ－Ｂ－Ａ三链系统中物声学型界面自旋波及其存在条件,结果发现,在此系统中,存在奇、偶两种不同宇称的声学型界面自旋波,在没的界面各向异性条件,这两种声学型界面自旋波解的个数分别在０￣２之间变化。     

一维铁磁和反铁磁链自旋运动能谱的计算方法

 提出了一种计算一维铁磁或反铁磁链自旋运动能谱的理论方法,这种方法的主要思想就是在希尔伯特空间寻找一组正交完备的基矢组,把哈密顿量写成矩阵形式,然后求解矩阵的本征值,从而确定自旋系统的能谱.其优点就是能较容易地把这种方法设计成程序由计算机来处理.这种方法也很容易推广到其它的磁系统.     

磁各向异性对YIG单晶磁性薄膜△H的贡献

在考虑任意磁化方向单轴和立方磁各向异性等效场的基础上，根据磁短进动方程，导出了张量磁化率X”的表达式，讨论了单晶YIG磁性薄膜中磁各向异性对铁磁共振线宽的贡献，用“各向异性线宽因子”的概念定量描述了这种贡献．理论计算与实验结果符合得很好．     

铁磁180°畴层结构中的畴层振动模

本文探讨了具有反平行磁化矢量的铁磁层状结构的磁畴振动谱,给出了普遍的色散方程.当外加磁场为零,整个分布成180°畴层状态时,给出了一般的色散曲钱.理论预言可能同时存在一种具有二维铁磁性和一维反铁磁性的新型磁有序材料.     

铁磁-反铁磁双层系统低温内能

应用线性自旋波的理论导出铁磁－反铁磁双层系统的Ｈｅｉｓｅｎｂｅｒｇ模型哈密顿量,采用矩阵格林函数运动方程技术得到自旋波的色散关系,利用数值计算的方法得到铁磁－反铁磁双层的低温内能。     

Effect of the Interface Anisotropy on Optical Interface Spin Waves in an A-B-A System

计入外磁场、体和界面单轴各向异性后，研究了铁磁和反铁磁层间耦合的Ａ－Ｂ－Ａ三链系统中的光学界面自旋波及其存在的充要条件．结果发现，在三链系统中，有两种不同类型的光学界面自旋波，它们在不同界面各向异性条件下，均可存在０～２个自旋波解     

Local electronic structure and magnetic properties of （Ga,Cr）N

Modern electronic devices utilize the charge degree of freedom of electrons to process information in semiconductors and the spin degree of freedom to store information in magnetic materials. For example, inte- grated circuits and high–frequency devices …     

过渡金属掺杂ZnO纳米线结构、电子性质和磁性质

本文采用密度泛函理论系统地研究了过渡金属原子Co和Ni单掺杂和双掺杂ZnO纳米线的结构、电子性质和磁性质.所有掺杂纳米线的束缚能都为负值,表明掺杂过程是放热的. Co原子趋于占据纳米线中间位置,而Ni原子趋于占据纳米线表面位置.所有掺杂纳米线能隙都小于纯纳米线能隙,并显示出直接带隙半导体特性.纳米线的总磁矩主要来源于磁性原子的贡献. Co掺杂纳米线出现了铁磁和反铁磁两种耦合状态;而Ni掺杂纳米线出现了铁磁、反铁磁和顺磁三种耦合状态.     

铁磁颗粒夹杂软基体复合材料的制备和特性分析

目的制备铁磁颗粒夹杂软基体复合材料,研究其磁学特性和力学特性。方法在室温条件下采用自然固化制备得到铁磁颗粒夹杂软基体复合材料。利用多物理场COMSOL有限元分析软件,研究单向磁场和单轴拉伸下颗粒体积分数对各向异性及各向同性的铁磁颗粒夹杂软基体复合材料特性的影响。结果颗粒体积分数对2种复合材料的相对磁导率及杨氏模量影响很大,且相同颗粒体积分数时,各向异性的铁磁颗粒夹杂软基体复合材料受颗粒体积分数影响更大。结论铁磁颗粒夹杂软基体复合材料的有效性能不仅和材料各组分的比例有关,而且和材料各组分的分布形式有很大关系。     

铁磁/反铁磁多层结构的磁极化激元谱

本文利用电磁场理论,在 Voigt 位形中推导出铁磁/反铁磁多层结构磁极化激元的色散关系,并详细讨论了它的结构性质。铁磁/非磁多层结构和反铁磁/非磁多层结构可看成上述结构的极限情况。因此,在这种结构中测量磁极化激元将会产生更加丰富的结果。     

非均匀磁场作用下海森堡XXZ模型中的热纠缠

研究了存在沿Z轴方向的非均匀磁场作用下两量子比特各向异性XXZ模型中的热纠缠。计算了纠缠度Concurrence。对反铁磁和铁磁两种情况下各向异性参数Δ对热纠缠的影响进行了详细的研究。还发现临界温度Tc也受各向异性参数Δ的制约。     

Magnetic-field-induced shape recovery by reverse phase transformation

Large magnetic-field-induced strains have been observed in Heusler alloys with a body-centred cubic ordered structure and have been explained by the rearrangement of martensite structural variants due to an external magnetic field. These materials have attracted considerable attention as potential magnetic actuator materials. Here we report the magnetic-field-induced shape recovery of a compressively deformed NiCoMnIn alloy. Stresses of over 100 MPa are generated in the material on the application of a magnetic field of 70 kOe; such stress levels are approximately 50 times larger than that generated in a previous ferromagnetic shape-memory alloy. We observed 3 per cent deformation and almost full recovery of the original shape of the alloy. We attribute this deformation behaviour to a reverse transformation from the antiferromagnetic (or paramagnetic) martensitic to the ferromagnetic parent phase at 298 K in the Ni45Co5Mn36.7In13.3 single crystal.     

Stable ultrahigh-density magneto-optical recordings using introduced linear defects

The stability of data bits in magnetic recording media at ultra-high densities is compromised by the thermal 'flips'--magnetic spin reversals--of nano-sized spin domains, which erase the stored information. Media that are magnetized perpendicular to the plane of the film, such as ultrathin cobalt films or multilayered structures, are more stable against thermal self-erasure than conventional memory devices. In this context, magneto-optical memories seem particularly promising for ultrahigh-density recording on portable disks, and bit densities of approximately 100 Gbit inch(-2) (ref. 7) have been demonstrated using recent advances in the bit writing and reading techniques. But the roughness and mobility of the magnetic domain walls prevents closer packing of the magnetic bits, and therefore presents a challenge to reaching even higher bit densities. Here we report that the strain imposed by a linear defect in a magnetic thin film can smooth rough domain walls over regions hundreds of micrometres in size, and halt their motion. A scaling analysis of this process, based on the generic physics of disorder-controlled elastic lines, points to a simple way by which magnetic media might be prepared that can store data at densities in excess of 1 Tbit inch(-2).     

Charge-ordered ferromagnetic phase in La(0.5)Ca(0.5)MnO3

Mixed-valent manganites are noted for their unusual magnetic, electronic and structural phase transitions. For example, the La(1-x)Ca(x)MnO(3) phase diagram shows that below transition temperatures in the range 100-260 K, compounds with 0.2 < x < 0.5 are ferromagnetic and metallic, whereas those with 0.5 < x < 0.9 are antiferromagnetic and charge ordered. In a narrow region around x = 0.5, these totally dissimilar ground states are thought to coexist. It has been shown that charge order and charge disorder can coexist in the related compound, La(0.25)Pr(0.375)Ca(0.375)MnO(3). Here we present electron microscopy data for La(0.5)Ca(0.5)MnO(3) that shed light on the distribution of these coexisting phases, and uncover an additional, unexpected phase. Using electron holography and Fresnel imaging, we find micrometre-sized ferromagnetic regions spanning several grains coexisting with similar-sized regions with no local magnetization. Holography shows that the ferromagnetic regions have a local magnetization of 3.4 +/- 0.2 Bohr magnetons per Mn atom (the spin-aligned value is 3.5 micro (B) per Mn). We use electron diffraction and dark-field imaging to show that charge order exists in regions with no net magnetization and, surprisingly, can also occur in ferromagnetic regions.