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1.
新型泡沫调剖剂的室内研究与评价   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
由于泡沫具有对高含水层和高渗透带的选择性封堵及提高驱油效率的作用,因此可以利用向厚油层中注泡沫的方法来控制厚油层水窜,挖潜厚油层中的剩余油.通过室内实验,综合泡沫剂的发泡体积、泡沫半衰期、与现场污水的配伍性等方面为基础研制开发出了一种可满足地层温度低于55℃、矿化度小于8 000 mg/L、含油饱和度小于20%的油藏使用的性能优良的调剖堵水泡沫剂,并对其在不同温度、不同地层水矿化度和不同含油饱合度下进行了调剖性能评价.  相似文献   

2.
不同含油饱和度时泡沫的稳定性及调驱机理研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
利用搅拌起泡法研究了含油饱和度对于泡沫稳定性的关系,利用微观玻璃模型研究了不同含油饱和度时泡沫的调驱机理,利用双管并联填砂岩心模型评价了不同含油饱和度时的调剖效果。结果表明:含油饱和度对泡沫稳定性有明显影响,含油饱和度0.05~0.2区间内,泡沫稳定性缓慢降低,含油饱和度0.2~0.4区间内,泡沫稳定性快速降低,含油饱和度0.4~0.6以上区间内泡沫稳定性缓慢降至较低水平;微观玻璃模型驱替实验表明,含油饱和度在0.4~0.6区间内泡沫不能稳定存在,泡沫依靠泡沫剂溶液的洗油作用提高采收率,0.05~0.2区间内泡沫稳定性较好,主要依靠气泡的调堵作用提高采收率,0.2~0.4区间内调堵作用和洗油作用协同;含油饱和度对于泡沫的调剖效果有显著影响,在实验条件下,含油饱和度在0.1~0.3区间内,驱替压差可达1.2 MPa,泡沫调剖作用显著,在0.3~0.6区间内,驱替压差逐渐降至0.3 MPa,调剖效果不理想,含油饱和度大于0.6,驱替压差低于0.2 MPa,泡沫失去调剖作用。  相似文献   

3.
针对蒸汽驱驱油过程中存在的蒸汽超覆、汽窜等问题,进行了渗透率及含油饱和度对平面调剖效果影响的室内实验研究。不同渗透率对平面调剖效果的影响实验表明,注蒸汽同时注入N2泡沫体系,可以增大低渗透岩心的波及体积,从而提高原油采收率;不同含油饱和度对平面调剖效果的影响实验表明,蒸汽伴注N2泡沫对次生水体和平面高渗透层具有良好的封堵能力。  相似文献   

4.
盐沉析法提高水驱采收率技术是结合塔里木轮南油田高温高盐油藏特征,以高矿化度油田地层水为基础,研发的一种新型的深部调剖技术。本文借助于微观物理模验装置分含油和不含油两种模型对沉析法提高水驱采收率机理进行了深入研究与分析。结果表明,盐沉析法主要是通过提高注入水波及范围、改善了层内非均质性,使原油发生不同程度的乳化等3个方面的作用机理来提高油田水驱采收率。  相似文献   

5.
针对冷家堡油田冷42块深层特稠油油藏高轮次吞吐后井间汽窜、地层返排能力差等开发矛盾,采用了一种新型的高温调剖技术,即氮气 泡沫凝胶调剖技术,泡沫凝胶调剖剂性能指标:①发泡剂耐温330℃;②泡沫阻力因子≥15;③封堵率≥95%,2007年在冷42块油层动用程度高,汽窜较严重区域选择实施了7口井,在抑制汽窜,改善油层吸汽剖面,提高油井吞吐效果方面取得了成功。表明了这种新型的高温调剖技术是改善稠油吞吐中后期汽窜和油层动用不均,开发效果差的有效工艺。  相似文献   

6.
杨鑫 《科学技术与工程》2012,12(19):4757-4759
河南油田某区块地层温度异常、矿化度高,常规调剖剂所用的聚丙烯酰胺容易分解使得调剖效果差,调剖后的吸水剖面均质性不好。为了提高调剖效果,开展了新型调剖剂的研制。实验选用疏水缔合聚合物代替聚丙烯酰胺合成了一种调剖剂,并模拟油藏实际环境对其开展了调剖剂性能的室内实验评价。确定最佳的配方为:缔合聚合物的浓度是3 500—4 000mg/L的范围,调剖交联体系为:乌洛托品0.07%、苯酚0.07%、以及间苯二酚0.02%。最后对合成的调剖剂的稳定性进行了测定。实验发现,疏水聚合物的稳定性好,老化120 d后的黏度保留率很高,适合高温高矿化度油田调剖堵水。  相似文献   

7.
王鑫 《科技资讯》2012,(25):72-72
油田开发中高温泡沫调剖主要应用耐高温表面活性剂与氮气在高温下产生的气体在油层中共同作用,形成泡沫。虽然氮气泡沫调剖在许多油田已经取得较好的效果,但是其技术施工工艺复杂、车组庞大、时间长、成本高。为了简化施工工艺、降低生产成本,新型的蒸汽增效剂(地下自生非凝析气+泡沫剂)。主剂是在高温下能够分解产气的物质,气体的膨胀能够产生附加驱动能量,强化回采;气体和泡沫剂能够生成泡沫,对大孔道或汽窜通道具有一定的封堵作用,即扩大了蒸汽的波及体积。  相似文献   

8.
SiO_2纳米颗粒稳定的泡沫体系驱油性能研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
利用Warning Blender方法测定SiO2+SDS泡沫体系的泡沫性能,确定SiO2纳米颗粒的最佳使用浓度,并研究不同温度和矿化度对泡沫性能的影响。利用岩心驱替实验装置对比SDS和SiO2+SDS两种不同泡沫体系对岩心的封堵、调剖和驱油性能。利用微观可视化玻璃刻蚀模型,对比水驱、SDS泡沫体系以及SiO2+SDS泡沫体系对盲端油的驱替效果。室内实验结果表明,SiO2+SDS泡沫体系比单一SDS泡沫体系具有更强的稳定性,能够明显提高泡沫的封堵、调剖及驱油能力,增加盲端油的驱替效果。  相似文献   

9.
针对稠油油藏氮气泡沫调剖技术选井选层困难的问题,结合已实施氮气泡沫调剖井的生产效果和油藏数值模拟计算结果,基于模糊综合评判理论,建立了氮气泡沫调剖效果预测模型,并在此基础上分析了油藏非均质性、原油黏度、油层厚度、可采储量的采出率、距油水边界距离等因素对氮气泡沫调剖效果的影响规律,总结出了适合氮气泡沫调剖的油藏条件:渗透率级差小于4,原油黏度小于40 000 mPa·s,油层厚度在4~12 m,措施时机为多轮次吞吐中后期,距离油水边界300~500 m.现场实施效果表明,该方法提高了氮气泡沫调剖技术的针对性和有效性,有效地改善了稠油油藏中高轮次蒸汽吞吐的效果.  相似文献   

10.
耐高温高效泡沫体系TH-1的研制及应用   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
针对胜利油田稠油油藏多轮次吞吐后期蒸汽汽窜、指进及重力超覆的矛盾 ,进行了高温泡沫封堵调剖技术研究 .主要包括高温泡沫剂配方的筛选及其高温封堵调剖剂性能评价 ,并对气液比、Na Cl含量、泡沫体系浓度对发泡的影响进行了研究 .研究结果表明 ,所研制的泡沫体系在 2 5 0℃ ,阻力因子≥ 1 5 .0时 ,对蒸汽调剖具有良好的封堵调剖性能 .该体系在胜利油田注蒸汽吞吐井应用中取得了良好的效果 .  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

14.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

15.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

16.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

17.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

18.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

19.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

20.
1 Rise of studies on climate change's effects on biodiversity
Until the 1980s, climate change and biodiversity were studied as two independent disciplines for more than a century. In 1992, the Ecological Society of America's annual report named climate change, biodiversity, and the sustainable ecological system as the three major global environmental issues of the twenty-first century [1].  相似文献   

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