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1.
为研究竖向力(V)和扭矩(T)共同作用下单桩的承载特性及内力分布规律,通过自主设计的试验装置,进行了一系列的竖向力和扭矩组合加载试验.为方便推广应用,对试验结果进行拟合,得到了竖向力和扭矩共同作用下单桩承载力计算公式.研究表明:在V-T组合荷载的作用下,单桩的承载力较单一荷载作用下降低,且当先施加的荷载(V或T)大于其极限值的1/3时V-T组合效应更加明显;V→T加载路径下的桩身扭矩和T→V加载路径下的桩身轴力,均随着桩深的增加而减小,且减小的速度加快;V→T加载路径下的桩身轴力和T→V加载路径下的桩身扭矩,分别会随着T和V的增加而减小,但减小的幅度较小;V→T加载路径下的单桩承载力较T→V加载路径下要高,因此应尽量避免单桩预先受到扭矩作用,防止因形成T→V加载模式而造成单桩的极限承载力的降低.  相似文献   

2.
为研究非均质地基中单桩基础在桩顶竖向力(V)和扭矩(T)联合作用下的承载特性,假定桩侧地基土剪切模量和极限侧摩阻力沿深度呈指数函数非线性增加,并考虑桩-土接触面上位移的非协调性,根据剪切位移法和桩身荷载传递函数建立桩身位移控制方程,引入相应的力和位移边界条件,导出桩周土体处于理想弹性和塑性受力状态时的桩身内力位移解答,由此求得不同桩顶载荷工况(不同V-T组合与加载顺序)下的桩身承载力及其包络线。在此基础上,进一步采用ABAQUS对V-T联合受荷桩进行数值模拟对比分析,获得不同工况下的桩身破坏机理、影响桩身承载力的关键因素及其规律。研究结果表明:桩身承载力随桩身长径比L/D的增大而增大,但随桩土刚度比λ的增大而逐渐减小;桩顶可承受的竖向力V(扭矩T)随扭矩T(竖向力V)增加不断减小而趋于零。  相似文献   

3.
为探讨上砂下黏地基中桩顶竖向力(N)与扭矩(T)联合作用下单桩基础的承载特性,基于室内模型试验,获得一系列 N-T联合作用时的桩顶荷载-位移曲线及桩身内力分布,并经无量纲化处理与曲线拟合,得到 N-T联合受荷单桩的承载力包络线及其简化计算公式;在此基础上,进一步采用ABAQUS对N-T联合受荷单桩进行数值模拟,获得桩身弹性模量Ep、长径比 L/D 及相对砂土层厚度 lu/L对桩身承载特性的影响规律 . 结果表明:相比于单一受荷, N-T联合作用会导致桩身竖向和扭转承载力明显降低,且施加N(或T)会引起桩身扭转角(或沉降)增大 . 通过数值分析还发现桩身变形主要发生在 0~0.6L范围;增大 L/D 和 lu/L可明显提高桩身承载力,而增大 Ep对提高桩身承载力的作用较小,故建议提高桩身承载力的优选措施是适当增加桩长或砂土层厚度;另外,上下土层分界面处会发生明显的应力突变.  相似文献   

4.
为了探讨成层地基中单桩的受扭性状,基于桩侧土双折线模型,以塑性区开展深度为变量,推导了桩侧土分别处于弹性和塑性状态时桩顶的扭矩-扭转角曲线和桩身扭矩、扭转角分布曲线的递推计算方法,并编制出相应的计算程序,由此对比分析了单层与双层地基中桩身的受扭性能.最后,结合工程算例进行了应用,并完成了参数分析.结果表明:考虑桩侧土分别处于弹性和塑性状态所得结果更符合工程实际;桩顶扭矩T一定时,桩顶扭转角φ随桩身材料剪切模量Gp和半径r0的增加而减小;r0对T-φ曲线影响显著,同等条件下r0提高一倍,桩顶抗扭承载力提高4~6倍;可对桩周上部土层进行处理来提高桩身抗扭性能,其有效处理厚度为桩长的0.2倍.  相似文献   

5.
为了探讨纵截面异形桩的受扭性状,考虑桩身纵向变截面特性,将桩-土体系沿深度方向划分为有限个微元段,建立均质地基中纵截面异形桩受扭弹塑性分析理论模型;基于传统圆形桩桩顶T-φ曲线与桩身扭矩、转角关系曲线,推导获得纵截面异形桩的桩身扭矩和扭转角近似解答,并基于MATLAB编制了相应的计算程序.继而,初步探讨了纵截面异形桩与等截面圆形桩受扭性能的异同点,并开展楔形桩受扭性能影响因素分析.研究结果表明:上端桩身直径对抗扭承载性能影响显著;等体积混凝土用量下,纵截面异形桩的抗扭性能相对优于等截面圆形桩,且楔形桩抗扭性能最优;相同桩顶扭矩荷载下,楔形桩抗扭承载力随桩身剪切模量、桩径、楔角的增加而增大,桩径提高1倍,桩顶抗扭承载力提高3~5倍.  相似文献   

6.
选取材质和桩径相同、桩长不同的3组模型桩,采用单向多循环加载法,在湛江组结构性黏土中进行单桩水平静载现场试验。通过对试验数据的处理,得到桩顶的水平荷载-时间-水平位移(H0-t-Y0)曲线、水平临界荷载Hcr、水平极限承载力Hu以及单桩的桩身弯矩、桩身剪力、桩侧土抗力沿桩入土深度的变化情况。分析结果表明,在水平荷载作用下,湛江组结构性黏土中具有相同材质、相同桩径的单桩,其水平临界荷载Hcr和极限承载力Hu与入土桩长呈正相关关系;桩身弯矩、剪力和桩侧土抗力的最大值均随着入土桩长的增加而增大;桩身弯矩和桩身剪力主要集中在桩身上部,最容易发生剪切破坏的部位在桩顶处;湛江组结构性黏土中单桩的桩侧土抗力沿入土深度呈不完整的S形分布,且其最大值出现在地平面附近。  相似文献   

7.
采用数值方法研究了桩土接触面特性对水平受荷桩受力特性的影响,并通过对工程实例的分析验证了计算方法的有效性.实例分析表明,设置接触面对于正确模拟桩土受力特性有较大影响.计算所得的桩身弯矩和位移曲线表明,水平受荷桩的入土深度有个临界值,桩身过长对提高水平承载力无明显作用.  相似文献   

8.
为了研究可液化地基处理前后单桩水平承载动力响应问题,以宿迁金鹰工程可液化场地为依托,采用基于CPTU测试的p-y(土抗力桩挠度)曲线法,构建了单桩水平动力承载数值计算模型.分析了不同加载振幅和振动次数下的单桩水平循环加载特征,比较了可液化地基处理前后的单桩水平承载动力响应规律.结果表明:可液化地基处理后单桩水平动力承载能力增强,桩周土抗液化能力提升,桩身截面最大弯矩上移,桩顶荷载传递深度降低;在桩顶水平循环加载作用下,桩身变形和弯矩随加载振幅和振动次数的增加而增大;十字翼共振法处理可液化场地对提升桩基水平承载力具有显著效果.  相似文献   

9.
现行规范采用m法分析水平受荷桩的内力和变位时,将地基系数的比例系数m视为定值。承受水平循环荷载作用的桩,当桩周土体发生较大位移时,其m随桩在地面处位移增大和加载次数增加均呈减小趋势。基于现场原型试验结果,分别建立m随桩在地面处位移y0及循环加载次数T的幂函数关系式;考虑m的上述弱化效应,构建水平循环受荷桩桩身挠曲微分方程,编制其内力与变位有限差分求解程序,通过与现场试验对比分析,验证该计算方法能较好地适用于深厚软土地区在地面处水平位移大于4 mm的水平循环受荷桩的内力与变位计算。  相似文献   

10.
为探讨中砂和软黏土地基中桩顶既有竖向力对桩身水平承载力的不同影响规律,基于ABAQUS建立了单桩基础三维有限元分析模型,并结合已有载荷试验结果验证了模型的合理性.在此基础上,采用Probe法分别获得均质稍密中砂和软黏土地基中2种不同桩身长径比(L/D)的单桩基础在保持不同桩顶既有竖向力(V)不变时,水平力(H)引起的桩身位移、桩身极限承载力及承载力包络线.结果表明:桩顶既有竖向力从桩身竖向极限承载力(Vult)0.2倍增加至0.8倍时,稍密中砂地基中的桩身水平极限承载力(Hult)提高13.6%~41.2%;反之,软黏土中Hult降低2.2%~6.5%,且L/D较小时这种影响差异更趋明显.最后,通过对比分析加载过程中桩周地基土中的竖向应力、桩侧摩阻力及桩侧土抗力的分布与变化特征,讨论了这种影响差异的内在机理.  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

14.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

15.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

16.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

17.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

18.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

19.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

20.
The non-orthogonal localized molecular orbital(NOLMO)is the most localized representation of electronic degrees of freedom.As such,NOLMOs are thus potentially the most efficient for linear scaling calculations of electronic structures for large systems.However,direct ab initio calculations with NOLMO have not been fully implemented and widely used,partly because of the slow convergence issue in the optimization of NOLMO.We devel-  相似文献   

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