高压除鳞喷嘴内部流场数值模拟与仿真分析

针对目前工厂广泛使用的高压除鳞喷嘴,应用前处理软件Gambit建立其内部流畅的三维模型,采用Fluent软件提供的Laminar层流模型对不同结构参数的喷嘴内部不可压缩、稳态、层流流场进行了数值模拟,并分析了各参数对其流场速度分布、压力分布和出口轴心速度的影响.仿真值与理论计算值十分接近,数值模拟结果表明,喷嘴收缩角和直径对其内部流场影响较大,而扩张角对其内部流场影响相对较小,但各参数都存在最优值,且各参数之间也存在着最优搭配使射流打击效果最好.     

前混合磨料水射流除鳞喷嘴混合腔内部流场

基于计算流体动力学多相流混合物模型,应用FLUENT软件对前混合磨料水射流除鳞喷嘴高压水与磨料混合腔内部流场进行数值模拟.比较了不同进料方式对流场均匀性的影响.分析了两侧为高压水入口条件下,磨料入口直径、高压水入口直径、高压水入口位置和角度以及收缩段锥角对流场混合均匀性的影响,得到了影响混合腔内部流场混合均匀性的合理结构参数.数值计算结果表明:入口速度一定的条件下,磨料中进式喷嘴混合腔的混合均匀性优于磨料侧进式喷嘴混合腔.随磨料入口和高压水入口直径增加,混合腔出口的射流速度均增加,但随高压水入口直径增加导致出口磨料浓度呈先增后减的趋势,磨料入口与高压水入口合理的质量流量比值约为3∶4,两侧高压水入口位置对流场混合均匀性影响较小,高压水入口角度和收缩段锥角均为30°时流场性能更佳.     

空化喷嘴内部流场的数值模拟

根据喷嘴的结构特点,建立了角形空化喷嘴和风琴管形空化喷嘴的三维结构模型和数值模型,选用RNGk-ε湍流模型,采用SIMPEC算法进行数值计算。结果表明,在空化喷嘴的圆柱段存在速度最大值,射流进入圆柱段后产生明显的负压,与周围介质发生强烈的空化作用,有利于空化气泡的产生。在特定参数下(圆柱段直径d=1mm、圆柱段长度S=3mm、扩散段长度L=8mm、出口扩散角=30°),角形喷嘴的空化效果优于风琴管形喷嘴。     

前混合水射流喷丸喷嘴内流数值模拟

为研究弹丸在前混合水射流喷丸喷嘴内的运动特性,应用FLUENT软件对前混合水射流出口带圆柱段和扩散段的圆锥收敛形喷嘴内液固湍流进行了数值模拟。控制方程为连续相采用三维不可压缩稳态雷诺时均N-S方程,湍流模型采用k-ε模型,离散相采用拉格朗日模型。分析了喷嘴出口圆柱段长度、圆锥收敛角和出口扩散段对内流特性的影响。结果表明,出口圆柱段长度为30 mm、圆锥收敛角为13°时,连续相可以获得最大的轴向速度,且离散相的加速效果也最佳;出口带扩散段的喷嘴使得连续相和离散相的出口速度均会下降,但会增大喷丸的覆盖率,提高喷丸工作效率。     

基于CFD技术的喷气织机主喷嘴内部流场的分析

通过对喷气织机主喷嘴现状的分析提出了应用CFD的思路.应用NUMECA软件进行主喷嘴内部流场数值模拟,揭示了导纱管内不同截面上气流速度的分布,并对主喷嘴内部气流的轴向动压和马赫数分布进行了分析.结果表明,利用数值模拟研究主喷嘴流场特性方便、快捷,且精度也较高.     

缩放型喷嘴产生的空化射流流场数值模拟

应用Standard k-ε,RNG k-ε和Standard k-ω湍流模型对缩放型喷嘴内部湍流流场进行数值模拟,结合理论及质量流量测试试验对数值模拟结果进行对比验证.结果表明:RNG k-ε湍流模型最适合用于数值模拟缩放型喷嘴内部的湍流流场;RNG k-ε湍流模型数值模拟结果显示缩放型喷嘴收缩角使喷嘴喉管部产生了低压场,压差的产生使水射流的空化效果得到了提高.     

基于Fluent角型喷嘴内部空化行为的数值模拟

利用Fluent流体计算软件对角型喷嘴内部的空化流场进行了数值模拟,得到了喷嘴内部的压力、气相生成速率和汽含率分布场,并对三种扩张角喷嘴内的流场进行了比较分析.结果表明:在角型喷嘴内部,空化汽泡主要在喷嘴圆柱段壁面起始点和扩张段壁面起始点两处产生;在扩张段壁面起始点处,由于回流和压力两种因素的共同作用导致扩张角对空化汽泡生成速率的影响存在最优值;随着扩张角的减小,角型喷嘴在扩张段壁面的空化区域不断扩大,其汽含率也不断攀升;扩张角的改变对角型喷嘴圆柱段区域的空化行为没有明显影响.     

淹没条件下长圆喷嘴流场数值模拟

为了提高径向水平井扩孔效率,将长圆喷嘴引入磨料射流扩孔技术,建立射流流场的流动控制方程,结合Realizable k-ε模型对方程组进行求解,并将结果与锥形喷嘴射流结果进行对比.结果表明:长圆喷嘴射流具有一定的扩散性,且短轴剖面上的扩散角比长轴剖面上大;喷嘴内射流速度及出口速度随长宽比增大而减小,随出口直径增加而增加;在喷嘴入口速度和出口直径相同的情况下,长圆喷嘴出口速度小于锥形喷嘴;无因次喷距大于11.3时,长圆喷嘴外射流轴线速度大于锥形喷嘴的;射流出口断面宽度随喷距增大而增大,在相同条件下长圆喷嘴扩孔宽度大于锥形喷嘴,且射流具有自模性;数值计算结果与磨料射流扩孔试验结果基本吻合.     

新型气溶性射流喷嘴设计与数值模拟

针对传统高压水射流清洗耗水量大,能耗和运营费用高、清洗后的废液需要处理才能达到环保要求的缺陷,提出了新型射流清洗方式—气溶性射流.对新型气溶性射流喷嘴进行了结构设计,得到了喷嘴混合室直径、喉部直径、出口直径、收缩段长度以及扩张段长度等关键参数,并对新型喷嘴内外气液二相流场进行了深入计算与分析.结果表明,气液二相流雾滴在喷嘴轴线上速率随气流入口压力增大而增大,在喷嘴喉部速率变化率最大,在喷嘴出口处速率达到最大;当扩散角为10°时,射流扩散较慢,内部扰动和摩擦损失较小;当收缩角为30°时,气液二相流流动性较好,能量损失较小;粒径较小雾滴沿轴线方向速率变化较大,当喷射距离为35mm时,气液二相流雾滴速率达到最大值.     

新型后混合磨料水射流喷嘴流场均匀性分析

针对目前后混合磨料喷嘴流场不均匀性问题，利用FLUENT仿真软件，对一种新型后混合磨料水射流喷嘴内部流场进行三维数值模拟. 通过比较喷嘴内部有无圆锥挡板的内部流场，分析圆锥挡板对流场均匀性的影响. 分析不同参数圆锥挡板喷嘴的喷射效果，得出新型后混合磨料水射流喷嘴不同参数结构对内部流场均匀性的影响规律，来提高后混合磨料水射流喷嘴中水和磨料混合均匀性. 分析结果表明：在保证出口仍具有较高速度的情况下，增大缩口直径，可以降低混合腔空气压力，改善液体在腔内聚集现象. 在此基础上，向混合腔中加入二次B样条曲线形状的圆锥挡板，当磨料入口采用斜入式与喷嘴轴线成45°时，出口体积分数最接近15%，体积分数波动最小，磨料与水混合均匀性大大提高. 通过正交试验分析多参数对磨料均匀性的影响，得到最优的结构参数.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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