蜂房芽孢杆菌B－91几丁质酶的合成条件

从厦门地区牡养殖场分离筛选到一株产几丁质酶活力较高的蜂房芽孢杆菌（Ｂａｃｉｌ－ｌｕｓａｌｖｅｉ）Ｂ－９１，研究了该菌几丁质酶的合成条件。结果表明：该菌在以几丁质为碳氮源的培养基中生长，能合成多量的几丁质酶。酶的合成受各种几丁质诱导。在产酶培养基中添加不同的有机或无机氮源，均能促进酶的合成，而葡萄糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖和乳糖对酶合成有阻遏作用。该菌几丁质酶合成的最适培养基初始ｐＨ为６．８，最适温度为２８℃。在２５０ｍｌ三角瓶装５０ｍｌ培养基，接种量为２％，振荡培养６０ｈ时，培养液中几丁质酶活力可达２２１２ｕ／ｍＬ．     

产几丁质酶菌株的分离与鉴定及产酶条件优化

从土壤中分离到一株产几丁质酶的细菌LL-C.该菌经16S rDNA序列同源性分析及形态培养特征、生理生化特征分析,鉴定为Luteibacter rhizovicinus,属于黄单胞菌科(Xanthomonadaceae).以不同发酵时间、碳源、氮源、起始pH值、培养基装液量和培养温度为因素,考察LL-C菌株产几丁质酶的优化条件.结果表明,最有利于该菌产几丁质酶的条件:碳源为胶体几丁质、氮源为(NH4)2SO4,培养基起始pH值为4.5,培养基装液量为30 mL,培养温度为32 ℃,振荡培养时间为7 d,此优化条件下,摇瓶产酶活力为115.02 μkat·L-1.     

胶体几丁质诱导红曲霉产几丁质酶的研究

本文采用胶体几丁质为底物,研究了红曲霉液态发酵产几丁质酶.研究结果表明:胶体几丁质的添加能有效诱导红曲霉合成几丁质酶.在培养基中添加0.8%(W/V)胶体几丁质的同时,添加0.4%(W/V)葡萄糖,有利于红曲霉的生长以及几丁质酶的合成,发酵48h几丁质酶活力达到最高的0.3504U/mL.     

南海海域几丁质降解菌的筛选及其特性研究

从南海海域水样和沉积物中分离并筛选到两株几丁质降解菌,分别为SCSS04和SCSWE13.16S rDNA序列分析结果表明,菌株SCSS04属于芽孢杆菌属,菌株SCSWE13属于弧菌属.两株菌几丁质酶的产生均需要几丁质的诱导,并在富营养培养基中产酶量较高.菌株SCSS04在培养第9天产酶量达到最高,所产生的几丁质酶最适反应温度为40～50℃.菌株SCSWE13属于低温酶,在培养第7天产酶量达到最高,所产生的几丁质酶最适反应温度为20～28℃.     

土壤产几丁质酶菌株的筛选鉴定及产酶条件

利用几丁质为碳源,从土壤中筛选出3株产几丁质酶菌株,其中酶活最高的为一株革兰氏阴性菌.对该菌株应用16S rDNA法进行鉴定,结果为嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia).通过单因素优化法和均匀设计法实验,结果表明,以质量分数0.5%的胶体几丁质为碳源,质量分数1.0%的蛋白胨为氮源,及30℃和pH值为7.2,发酵60 h的条件是菌株的最合适产酶条件.此时,胞外几丁质酶酶活力最高.     

外界条件对球孢白僵菌几丁质酶的影响

本文研究了球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)的培养条件——温度、初始pH值、接种量、培养时间等对产几丁质酶的影响;探讨了几丁质酶活性与几丁质浓度、粒子大小、酶解温度、pH值的关系;从而获得了高活性几丁质酶的培养条件及生物转化几丁质废物的适宜环境.     

白孢链霉菌(Streptomyces albosporeus)CT—86几丁质酶研究

应用磷酸膨胀几丁质双层平板,从土壤中篩选到48株分解几丁质的链霉菌。经紫外线诱变后,得到一株能强烈分解磷酸膨胀几丁质的突变株CT—86。在1～1.5％的磷酸膨胀几丁质、1％豆饼粉的营养盐培养基中,30℃培养8～10天,酶活达到0.4mg N—乙酰葡萄胺/h。在几丁质浓废为0.5～1％范围内,单位酶活随几丁质浓度的增加而提高。以葡萄糖和N—乙酰葡萄糖胺为碳源时,在上述培养条件下,无酶活捡出。磷酸膨胀几丁质为底物,酶作用的最适温度是48℃,最适pH为6.5;酶液在60℃保温2小时后,酶活力丧失70％左右。     

嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌产生的几丁质酶的特性

从土壤中筛选出一株产几丁质酶的革兰氏阴性细菌,通过16S rDNA法对酶活力最高的菌株C进行鉴定,确定为嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(S.maltophilia)菌株.通过单因素优化法和均匀设计法确定S.maltophilia产几丁质酶的最佳条件:在pH值为7.0的基础培养基中添加质量分数为1.0%的酵母膏、质量分数为0.5%的胶体几丁质,于180 r·min-1,30 ℃的摇床中培养60 h.对硫酸铵沉淀获得的粗酶进行酶学性质研究,结果表明,该几丁质酶的最适反应温度为50 ℃,最适反应pH值为7.2,在55 ℃以上的温度条件下容易失活.通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析,确定S.maltophilia几丁质酶的相对分子质量为6.8×103;以筛选的S.maltophilia菌株的总DNA为模板,利用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增出几丁质酶DNA测序;应用生物信息学手段推导S.maltophilia几丁质酶为分泌型蛋白酶,预测其等电点pI值为5.42,相对分子质量为6.8×103(与实验纯化的酶蛋白电泳结果一致).预测该酶氨基酸序列具有信号肽区(氨基酸残基1～41)、Ⅲ型几丁质结合区(残基47～92)、多囊肾病域(107～194)、类纤维连接蛋白Ⅲ型区(Fn3,201～278)和18家族糖基水解域等5个结构功能区,5个区域被富含Ala,Gly,Pro,Ser和Thr的短序列连接起来;在第400～500个氨基酸残基间有一个螺旋结构.     

XG32菌株产ACC脱氨酶的培养条件和酶活影响因素

为了明确具1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate ACC)脱氨酶活性细菌菌株XG32的产酶条件和酶活影响因素,以ACC为底物,研究了诱导培养基中底物的浓度、温度、pH对该菌株产酶的影响及产酶的时程;分别在不同温度、不同pH及添加8种金属离子的条件下测定了酶的活力和稳定性.结果表明:菌株XG32在有底物ACC存在时才能被诱导产酶,温度上升至5℃及pH>5 5时酶活性才开始被诱导,在25℃和pH 7 0～8 0时酶活性最高;诱导初始至24h内是酶产生的上升期,24h后酶产生呈下降趋势.酶的最适反应温度为30℃,高于35℃酶的活力下降,在65℃酶的活力趋于零;该酶在pH 7 5～9 5之间有较好的稳定性;金属Cu2 、Zn2 对ACC脱氨酶有激活作用,而Hg2 、Ag 则有抑制作用.因此,认为ACC脱氨酶酶活性的出现对底物的存在非常敏感,在自然界中少量的酶就可以催化ACC的分解.但酶活力受条件影响较大,仅能在一定的范围内保持酶活的稳定性.     

枯草芽孢杆菌2-3-2的抗线虫作用和产酶条件与酶特性

为了研究枯草芽孢杆菌2-3-2抗线虫作用与几丁质酶活的关系,对几丁质酶的产酶条件进行优化并探讨酶的特性,通过盆栽试验测定了抗线虫效果,用DNS定糖法测定了几丁质酶活力.实验结果表明:枯草芽孢杆菌2-3-2对南方根结线虫防治效果显著,其抗线虫作用与几丁质酶活性呈正相关.几丁质酶产酶培养基组成为(g/L):胶体几丁质65,酵母膏1,葡萄糖5,KH2PO40.7,K2HPO40.5,MgSO4·7H2O 0.5,FeSO40.01,NaCl 0.5,微量盐1mL/L;起始pH 7.0,温度为30℃、培养时间为72h.与优化前相比,酶活性提高了1.59倍,达到35.17×10-10 mol/s.枯草芽孢杆菌2-3-2几丁质酶最适反应温度为40℃,最适pH为7.0;温度高于50℃及碱性条件下酶活力下降.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.