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1.
A water model with a geometric similarity ratio of 1:5 was developed to investigate the gas-liquid mass transfer and flow characteristics in a Peirce-Smith converter. A gas mixture of CO2 and Ar was injected into a NaOH solution bath. The flow field, volumetric mass transfer coefficient per unit volume (Ak/V; where A is the contact area between phases, V is the volume, and k is the mass transfer coefficient), and gas utilization ratio (η) were then measured at different gas flow rates and blow angles. The results showed that the flow field could be divided into five regions, i.e., injection, strong loop, weak loop, splashing, and dead zone. Whereas the Ak/V of the bath increased and then decreased with increasing gas flow rate, and η steadily increased. When the converter was rotated clockwise, both Ak/V and η increased. However, the flow condition deteriorated when the gas flow rate and blow angle were drastically increased. Therefore, these parameters must be controlled to optimal conditions. In the proposed model, the optimal gas flow rate and blow angle were 7.5 m3·h-1 and 10°, respectively.  相似文献   

2.
The effect of flow control devices (FCDs) on the uniformity of flow characteristics in a seven-strand symmetrical trapezoidal tundish was studied using both an experimental 1:2.5 hydraulic model and a numerical simulation of a 1:1 geometric model. The variation coefficient (CV) was defined to evaluate the flow uniformity of the seven-strand tundish. An optimized FCD configuration was proposed on the basis of the evaluation of experimental results. It is concluded that a turbulence inhibitor (TI) and U-type dam are essential to improve the uniformity of fluid flow in the seven-strand tundish. In addition, the configuration of inclination T-type dams with a height of 200 mm between the second and third strands and with a height of 300 mm between the third and fourth strands can minimize the proportion of dead zone. After optimizing the configuration of FCDs, the variation coefficient reduces below 20% of the mean value, and the average proportion of dead zone is just 14.6%; in addition, the temperature fluctuation between the strands could be controlled within 0.6 K. In summary, the uniformity of flow and temperature in the seven-strand tundish is greatly improved.  相似文献   

3.
By computation and comparison of the critical spreading coefficient parameter, it was found that shaped fiber bundle is better for wetting. Liquid-air interface tension of liquid arising the shaped fiber bundle body is considered as one critical factor besides liquid viscosity, inertia force and liquid-fiber interface tension. Experimental result simulation demonstrated that the liquid-air interface tension is correlated with the geometric size of the liquid arising in body, Φ0 (x) and which is affected by the cross sectional shape of fiber and the radius of single fiber. The shaped fiber bundle model is/ntroduced to/nvestigate liquid flow in fiber assembly. The model is generated based on a random function for stochastic forming of fibers in bundle and it is necessary to combine this fundamental model with physical explanation for investigation of liquid flow in fiber assembly.  相似文献   

4.
A novel corona inducing dielectric barrier discharge(CIDBD) and catalyst hybrid reactor was developed for reforming methane. This corona inducing technique allows dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) to occur uniformly in a large gap at relatively low applied voltage.Hydrogen production by reforming methane with steam and air was investigated with the hybrid reactor under atmospheric pressure and temperatures below 600°C.The effects of input power,O2/C molar ratio and preheat temperature on methane conversion and hydrogen selectivity were investigated experimentally.It was found that higher methane conversions were obtained at higher discharge power,and methane conversion increased significantly with input power less than 50 W;the optimized molar ratio of O2/C was 0.6 to obtain the highest hydrogen selectivity(112%);under the synergy of dielectric barrier discharge and catalyst,methane conversion was close to the thermodynamic equilibrium conversion rate.  相似文献   

5.
The influence of a configured nozzle on the turbulent fluid flow in a continuous casting mold was investigated using the simulation program Visual Cast, which used the finite difference method and the SIMPLER algorithm. CAD software was used to construct the complicated nozzle in the calculational region.The simulation accuracy was validated by comparison with the classic driven cavity flow problem. The simulation results agree well with water modeling experiments. The simulations show that the velocity distribution at the nozzle port is uneven and the jet faces downward more than the nozzle outlet. Simulations with a configured nozzle and the inlet velocity at the nozzle entrance give precise results and overcome the traditional difficulty in determining the nozzle outlet velocity.  相似文献   

6.
The near field dynamics of buoyant reactive jets with adjacent sidewalls is investigated by time-dependent three-dimensional direct simulations. The physical problem is a fuel jet issuing vertically into an oxidant ambient environment in a corner configuration with sidewall boundaries.Simulation results are presented for two cases with different jet nozzle geometries: a corner-round reactive jet and a cor-ner-square reactive jet with the same cross-sectional area on the nozzle plane. Buoyancy-induced large vortical structures evolve spatially in the flow field and transition to turbulence occurs downstream. Calculation of the mean flow properties shows that entrainment of the corner-round jet is stronger than that of the corner-square jet due to the stronger vortex deformation in the corner-round case.  相似文献   

7.
The effective adsorption capability of a hydrogenated graphene (H-Gr) was demonstrated. The H-Gr was firstly prepared by heating graphene (Gr) in a hydrogen flow at 1,000 ℃. The specific surface area, layer number, zeta potential, surface defects, surface compounds groups and elemental ratio of H-Gr were investigated. Taking 2,4-dichlorophenol as a target pollutant, the adsorption ability of H-Gr was evaluated. The results showed that the adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo- second-order equation well. For the adsorption isotherms, the equilibrium data of H-Gr were found to fit to Langmuir model, which was different from the Freundlich model of Gr. The adsorption capacity of H-Gr was high to 287.01 mg/g, almost three times as much as that of Gr, which was benefit from the increase of specific surface area and zeta potential. This work suggests that H-Gr may be a potential candidate for the adsorption of aromatic compounds from water and has great prospect for practical application.  相似文献   

8.
A water model and a high-speed video camera were utilized in the 300-t RH equipment to study the effect of steel flow patterns in a vacuum chamber on fast decarburization and a superior flow-pattern map was obtained during the practical RH process. There are three flow patterns with different bubbling characteristics and steel surface states in the vacuum chamber:boiling pattern (BP), transition pattern (TP), and wave pattern (WP). The effect of the liquid-steel level and the residence time of the steel in the chamber on flow patterns and decarburization reaction were investigated, respectively. The liquid-steel level significantly affected the flow-pattern transition from BP to WP, and the residence time and reaction area were crucial to evaluate the whole decarburization process rather than the circulation flow rate and mixing time. A superior flow-pattern map during the practical RH process showed that the steel flow pattern changed from BP to TP quickly, and then remained as TP until the end of decarburization.  相似文献   

9.
Danckwert‘s method was used to determine the specific interfacial area, a, and the individual mass transfer coefficient, κL, during absorption of CO2 in a bubble column with an anionic surfactant in the carbonate-bicarbonate buffer solution and NaAsO2 as catalyst, the presence of which decreases the specific interracial area and the individual mass transfer coefficient. The specific interfacial area and the individual mass transfer coefficient increase with increasing superficial gas velocity. The specific interfacial area decreases whereas the individual mass transfer coefficient increases with increasing temperature. The results of experiments were used to determine the dependence of a, κL, and κLa on the surface tension, the temperature of the absorption phase, and the superficial velocity of the gas. The calculated results from the correlation were found to be within 10% deviation from the actual experimental results.  相似文献   

10.
《矿物冶金与材料学报》2021,28(11):1788-1798
In order to study the effect of continuous casting process parameters on the shape of slab solidification end under non-uniform cooling, a solidification model of a continuous-cast slab with non-uniform cooling condition was established with ProCAST software. The model was verified by the results of nail shooting tests and the infrared temperature measurement equipment. Four characteristic parameters were defined to evaluate the uniformity of the shape of slab solidification end. The results showed that the nonuniformity at the beginning and end of solidification, the solidification end length, and the solidification unevenness increased with the rise of casting speed. For each 10°C increase of superheat, the solidification unevenness increased by about 0.022. However, the effect of superheat on the solidification end length can be ignored. The secondary cooling strength showed minimal effect on the nonuniformity at the beginning and end of solidification. With the increase in secondary cooling intensity, the solidification end length decreased, but the solidification unevenness increased. In addition, the central segregation of the slab produced with and without the mechanical soft reduction (MSR) process was investigated. The transverse flow of molten steel with low solid fraction influenced the central segregation morphology under MSR.  相似文献   

11.
在研究矩形出口喷嘴射流的基础上,对长圆形出口喷嘴的射流特性进行了室内实验研究.结果表明.长圆形喷嘴射流在短轴剖面上的扩散角比在长轴剖面上大.随喷距的增大.其横向截面将逐渐变为圆形.长圆形喷嘴的流量系数大于同样结构特征的矩形喷嘴,其射流的轴心动压力衰减以及横向动压力梯度分布规律与矩形喷嘴射流相似.随喷距增加.长圆形喷嘴的轴心动压力衰减比矩形喷嘴衰减慢.在钻头上使用的长圆形喷嘴的最佳无因次喷距应在无因次等速核长度L_1和最大轴心动压力衰减梯度所在的无因次喷距L_(max)之间.  相似文献   

12.
变截面通道内超音速两相流极限升压能力研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
根据质量、动量、能量守恒方程建立了变截面通道内超音速汽液两相流升压装置的极限升压能力计算数学模型.计算及研究表明:极限升压能力随变截面混合腔喉部直径、被升压的低压水流量和蒸汽喷嘴压比增加而降低,随环形水喷嘴间隙的变化出现了最小值;计算得出变截面超音速汽液两相流装置的极限升压能力可达26;在设计升压装置时应尽可能选取较大的蒸汽喷嘴压比和较小的环形水喷嘴间隙。同时给出了变截面混合腔喉部直径的设计原则。研究结果对变截面通道内超音速汽液两相流升压技术的应用有重要意义。  相似文献   

13.
叶栅反推器出口安装角、压比对反推性能的影响   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
航空发动机叶栅反推器叶型参数与反推效率、流量系数之间的规律对于反推装置的设计具有重要意义。本文建立了外涵叶栅反推器的轴对称计算模型,给出了内涵计算域的有效处理方法,利用数值模拟手段研究了叶片出口安装角、外涵入口压比的变化对反推效率、流量系数等的影响规律,并将计算结果与可能得到的试验结果的数据点进行了比较。结果表明,计算结果与实验结果吻合;出口安装角在30?50?这个范围内时,随着出口安装角的增大,反推效率明显上升,继续增大出口安装角至60?,反推效率变化趋于平缓,甚至有所下降,在50?时反推效率达到最大值;随着出口安装角的增大,流量系数基本不变,超过某一临界值后急剧下降。对40?50?这些中等大小的叶片出口安装角,压比对反推效率的影响不大,叶片出口安装角超出该范围,压比对反推效率的影响较大;当出口安装角较小时,随压比增大,流量系数缓慢增大,当出口安装角较大时,流量系数随压比变化不大。  相似文献   

14.
风琴管空化喷嘴流场数值模拟   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
 风琴管空化喷嘴是一种常见的空化射流喷嘴,利用喷嘴内部特殊结构形成产生空化效应,从而提高射流的打击效果,因此,研究空化喷嘴内部结构对形成的空化效应影响,有利于提高喷嘴的工作性能。本文利用多相流模型研究风琴管空化喷嘴,在出口压力为2MPa工况下,对不同入口压力下喷嘴的内流场进行了数值计算。结果表明,在正常工作压力8MPa情况下,喷嘴喉道位置出现局部低速区和低压区域,且空化位置出现在喉道截面突变位置。同时,研究了喷嘴喉道长径比和存在圆角情况下内部空化情况,发现增大喷嘴喉道长径比实际相当于增加了低压区域,有利于空化的产生;喷嘴喉道变径区域存在圆角会严重影响空化喷嘴的空化性能,且圆角半径越大,临界空化压力越大。  相似文献   

15.
古洪水行洪断面面积的估算   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
根据中国四大江河(长江、黄河、海河、淮河)古洪水研究的成果,提出了在冲淤变化型河床上进行古洪水行洪断面面积估算的方法,即将估算的断面面积分为三个部分;现代均衡断面面积、古洪水均衡断面面积和次洪水冲刷断面面积。应用结果表明,次洪水冲刷断面面积往往占总过水断面面积的比重较大,不可忽略。  相似文献   

16.
为了研究矩形断面巷道的稳定性,采用强度折减法,运用有限元软件ADINA,对不同断面特征的模型进行仿真模拟分析。结果表明:矩形围岩切向应力分布与圆形断面类似,但最大切向应力并不在开挖面,而在围岩某一深度处;同面积而不同高跨比的矩形断面的安全系数很接近,当侧压力系数不同时总会有一个最大高跨比安全系数,该高跨比值在1附近;不同面积而相同高跨比,安全系数随着面积的增加越来越小。据此方法可确定矩形断面最佳高跨比。  相似文献   

17.
基于物理模型试验,研究浮体结构在有限流动水域运行过程中对下游水流流动结构产生的影响。在不同浮体结构位置及来流条件下,对下游水流结构特征断面的流速分布、流速不均匀系数以及回流区长度进行了测量分析。结果表明:浮体结构位置对流速分布及流速不均匀系数存在明显影响;来流条件的改变同样对两者有较大的影响,其影响随着来流流量的增大而增大;回流区的长度受浮体结构位置以及来流流量影响都较大。在实际工程中,应重点关注浮体结构位置及来流流量变化引起的水流流动结构改变。  相似文献   

18.
为研究玻璃珠弹丸在后混合水射流喷丸喷头内的运动轨迹和速度特性,根据液固两相流动的拉格朗日离散相模型,应用FLUENT软件对喷头内液固湍流进行了数值模拟,得到了连续相的轴向速度和轴向动压强,获得了弹丸的运动轨迹和弹丸的轴向速度随行程及时间的变化规律.结果表明,连续相在喷头混合室入口处存在环形回流区,在混合室内呈非对称流动...  相似文献   

19.
轴对称收-扩喷管内外流场一体化数值模拟   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
余铭 《科学技术与工程》2011,11(32):7979-7984
基于求解Navier-Stokes方程组对某航空发动机的轴对称固定几何收-扩喷管进行了六种工况的内外流场一体化数值模拟,计算出了喷管的流量系数和推力系数。结果表明,收-扩喷管超音速射流,在地面工况下表现为过膨胀特征,在高空不同工况下表现为欠膨胀特征,形成了复杂的激波系和膨胀波系。在欠膨胀状态,随着落压比的增大,喷管的流量系数无明显变化,但推力系数显著减小。另外,从理论解出发,计算了前面各种工况的喷管出口气动性能参数,并与数值模拟结果进行了对比分析,验证了数值模拟结果的可靠性。  相似文献   

20.
本文研究了轴快流CO_2激光器中气体质量流和气流速度随放电管截面变化的趋势.提出应当选择合适尺寸的放电管,使之与所给定的风机的性能相匹配,使激光器具有最佳运行状态的气动结构而获得更好的输出特性.  相似文献   

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