基于极坐标Hough变换的焊点检测标定方法

针对探头在粗定位情况下对车身焊点检测效率和准确率方面存在的不足,提出了一种结合焊点形态结构特点,利用极坐标Hough变换算法和改进的边缘检测算子,以精确获取焊点坐标的方法.此方法通过形态结构决策降低参数存储,用极坐标构造二维参数极大地提高了运算速度,再结合滤波、最小二乘法、双阈值法等算法,能在高噪声的背景下对焊点进行检测标定,以提高机械臂末端探头检测焊点质量的效率和准确率,对于工业上车身焊点检测具有重要的实际意义.实验结果表明,该方法处理焊点图像的准确率达到99.2%,且快速性也有很大的提高.     

基于改进的深度卷积神经网络的人脸疲劳检测

针对疲劳驾驶检测问题,提出一种以softmax损失与中心损失相结合的深度卷积神经网络算法。首先,利用含有方向的梯度直方图(histogram of oriented gridients,HOG)和级联分类器(support vector machine,SVM)算法的Dlib库中预训练的人脸检测器,来检测驾驶员的脸部区域。其次,使用级联回归(ensemble of regression trees,ERT)算法实现脸部68个关键点标定及眼睛和嘴巴的定位。最后,为了优化softmax损失在深度卷积网络分类中出现的类内间距大的问题,加入中心损失函数,提高类间差异性、类内紧密性以及驾驶员脸部疲劳状态识别准确率。在自建测试集和YawDD哈欠数据集中的实验结果显示,该方法能够准确地识别检测驾驶员疲劳表情,平均识别准确率达到98.81%。与传统的疲劳驾驶检测识别方法相比,该方法可以自动进行疲劳特征提取,并且训练准确率、检测识别率及鲁棒性得到提高;与未改进的深度卷积网络相比,检测识别的概率平均提高了约5.09%。     

OpenPose结合BP网络的行为检测方法

采用OpenPose与BP网络相结合的方法对人体整体或局部行为进行分类检测,首先利用人体姿态估计算法获得人体骨架节点坐标数据,然后利用BP分类网络对节点坐标数据进行迭代训练与学习。检测不同整体行为的分类模型,训练准确率达100%,网络损失仅为0.091,实测各类准确率及总体准确率均达100%;检测局部行为的分类模型,训练准确率亦达100%,网络损失小于10-6,实测各类准确率及总体准确率均达100%; OpenPose与BP网络相结合的方法不仅可以实现不同整体行为或局部行为快速、准确的分类检测任务,同时还克服了传统行为检测方法的不足,能够实现更高效、更准确、更快速的分类检测。     

基于CA-ResNet网络与nadam优化的入侵检测算法

[目的]针对深度学习模型在网络入侵检测中进行参数训练时因梯度消失而导致深度学习模型过拟合在测试集上准确率下降的问题.提出一种结合LeakyRelu激活函数与ResNet的网络入侵检测算法,即CA-ResNet,并采用nadam优化器对模型进行优化.[方法]该模型在DNN的基础上增加了网络的层次,结合了ResNet和LeakyRelu激活函数.[结果]解决了模型训练时梯度消失的问题,保证了该模型在测试数据集上的表现,使得训练的模型的泛化能力更强,同时通过增加网络的单层维度和总层次的深度,提高了网络的特征提取能力和对尺度的适应性.[结论]使用KDD Cup99数据中的Corrected数据集对算法进行验证.实验表明,该算法与CNN和CNN-BiLSTM算法相比具有更高的准确率和F1-score,准确率能够达到95.0％,F1-score能够达到97.5,时间复杂度为线性时间复杂度.     

一种基于并行免疫网络的大数据分类算法

为了解决数据量增加时串行免疫网络算法难以实现大数据处理的问题,提出了并行免疫网络训练和分类模型,并在Spark并行框架下设计了并行免疫网络分类算法.给出了入侵检测大数据背景知识;建立了Ainet并行算法框架,详述了并行免疫网络分类算法步骤;采用cup99入侵检测数据集进行了试验,进而将并行Ainet算法同其他算法做了比较.试验结果表明:较串行Ainet算法,并行Ainet算法训练时间下降了11/12,检测时间降低了19/20,准确率提高了10%,同时检测率提高了5%,而误报率降低了20%,可见并行Ainet算法各方面都取得较好的效果;试验验证了分类效果对训练数据集数量敏感的特点;并行Ainet算法在准确率、检测率和误报率方面优于其他算法,但运行时间较长.     

基于级联卷积神经网络的驾驶员分心驾驶行为检测

针对驾驶员分心驾驶行为检测,设计一种级联卷积神经网络检测框架。检测框架由第一级分心行为预筛选卷积网络和第二级分心行为精确检测卷积网络两个全卷积网络级联构成。预筛选卷积网络是一个轻量级的图像分类网络,负责对原始数据进行快速筛选,其网络层数少、训练速度快,结构特征冗余较少,能够减少后续网络的计算负担;分心行为精确检测卷积网络采用VGG(Visual geometry group)模型特征提取的深度迁移学习检测算法网络,通过迁移学习重新训练分类器和部分卷积层。提出的级联神经网络最终可以实现9种驾驶员分心驾驶行为的准确识别检测。实验结果表明,相比主流单模型检测方法,在保证算法效率的同时准确率均有明显提升,准确率达到93.3%,有效降低了误检率。该方法具有较好的鲁棒性和泛化能力。     

基于深度学习的公路路面病害检测算法

针对公路路面病害图像存在背景干扰多、病害信息弱、尺度差异大等问题,提出了一种基于深度学习的公路路面病害检测方法。以YOLOv4算法为基础,在检测网络中引入可变形卷积,并提出基于PANet的自适应空间特征融合结构,充分学习公路路面病害的细节特征,实现不同尺度特征信息的高效融合;采用AP-loss函数作为分类损失函数,促使网络在训练过程中更加注重于正样本。实验表明,在公路路面病害检测中,改进YOLOv4算法的平均准确率达到了95.34%,每张图像的平均检测时间为0.071s。与Faster R-CNN算法相比,所提出的算法在持有较高检测准确率的同时,减少了运算时间,可以满足公路路面病害检测的准确性与实时性需求。     

基于SMOTE和机器学习的网络入侵检测

网络入侵检测已经广泛运用机器学习模型,但是研究者们多关注模型选择和参数优化,很少考虑数据不平衡的影响,往往会导致少数类入侵样本的检测效果较差.针对该问题,以SMOTE （synthetic minority oversampling technique）数据再平衡算法为研究重点,应用入侵检测数据集KDD99作为原始训练集,使用简单抽样和SMOTE算法生成再平衡训练集.采用多种机器学习模型分别在原始训练集和再平衡训练集进行5折交叉验证.实验结果表明,与原始训练集相比,使用再平衡训练集建模能够在不降低甚至提高多数类样本识别效果前提下,使少数类样本的识别准确率和召回率增强10%～20%.因此,SMOTE算法对不平衡样本下的网络入侵检测有显著的提升作用.      

基于卷积神经网络的胶囊内镜息肉与溃疡辅助诊断

针对目前胶囊内镜(WCE)自动检测方法需要对每种病灶设计对应的识别算法以及识别准确率不高的问题,设计一种基于卷积神经网络的息肉与溃疡辅助诊断算法。与传统检测算法相比,卷积神经网络可自动学习病灶图像特征,实现更强泛化能力,更高准确率和效率。该方法针对具体WCE图像,首先评价图像R、G、B通道携带信息的特征;其次,分析全局直方图均衡化、伽玛变换和拉普拉斯变换对提升图像对比度的效果,选择其中表现最佳者与信息最丰富的2个颜色通道组合成3通道输入到卷积网络中训练和识别。测试表明,本算法识别准确率96.8%,比传统的经典图像检测方法高出至少16.73%,检测速度达到68.6图/s,能够推广应用到医疗辅助诊断领域。     

注意力融合双流特征的局部GAN生成人脸检测算法

为解决现有局部生成式对抗网络(GAN)生成人脸检测算法在检测经过后处理的图像时性能严重下降的问题，提出一种注意力融合双流特征的局部GAN生成人脸检测算法.该算法利用双流网络分别从RGB颜色空间和YCbCr颜色空间中提取鲁棒特征，并引入注意力特征融合模块在不同网络层上融合双流特征以获得更鲁棒的特征.同时采用多层次特征融合决策提高网络对局部生成区域特征的提取和辨别能力.实验结果表明，所提算法的鲁棒性优于现有算法，尤其是针对JPEG压缩和双边滤波后处理.在FFHQ+规则子集上与次优算法相比，该算法在3种强度的JPEG压缩和双边滤波上的平均准确率分别提高了1.88%和2.64%;在FFHQ+不规则子集上与次优算法相比，该算法在3种强度的JPEG压缩和双边滤波上的平均准确率分别提高了2.85%和1.60%.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.