1R2T绳索牵引并联康复机器人绳索弹性研究

该文以平面三自由度(1R2T型)绳索牵引康复机器人为对象,分析了绳索弹性和绳索拉力对骨盆(动平台)静态刚度的影响,发现不同绳索弹性时,相同绳索拉力对动平台静态刚度影响不同。利用ADAMS软件对绳索拉力和绳索刚度的影响情况进行了机构仿真,发现绳索弹性对系统静态刚度的影响比绳索拉力大。分析并仿真了系统受外界干扰后的振动状态,结果表明,增大绳索拉力可以提高系统的抗干扰性。建立了考虑绳索弹性的动力学方程,以期望轨迹通过逆动力学方程计算出的绳索拉力作为系统动力学的输入,用ADAMS和MATLAB进行系统动力学仿真和实验,结果表明,绳索的弹性使骨盆的实际运动范围变小,且出现了位姿误差,距起始点越远该误差越大。     

基于虚拟样机的双足机器人步行联合仿真

为了提高双足机器人设计的效率与可靠性,利用机械系统动力学仿真软件ADAMS建立双足机器人的机械动力学模型,利用Matlab建立控制系统,通过ADAMS与Matlab的接口模块,实现了基于ADAMS与Matlab联合步行双足机器人仿真平台的建立.结果表明,仿真得出机器人在平地行走过程中各关节的力矩变化情况,获得了最高转速、有效转速、最大转矩、有效转矩等机器人运动的关键参数,为双足机器人物理样机的电机和减速器选型提供了理论依据.     

蠕动转向关节动力学建模与分析

为确立拱泥机器人蠕动转向关节的运动关系,提出了可实现直行和转向运动的3自由度并联机构动力学模型.基于对3-UPS并联机构运动特性的分析吗,首先建立了3-UPS运动学模型,得出3-UPS并联机构动平台和各支链的速度以及加速度关系式.基于Lagrange方程建立3-UPS并联机构的动力学模型,确立了系统的驱动力、驱动力矩以及各个支链主动杆的驱动力.利用Matlab软件对其动力学模型进行仿真分析,得到的驱动力和驱动力矩变化曲线为拱泥机器人控制系统设计提供了技术支撑.也为少自由度并联机构动力学分析提供参考.     

绳索牵引康复机器人控制及仿真研究

康复机器人是典型的人机合作系统．人与机器人在同一物理空间,因此对机器人的柔顺性、安全性提出了严格要求．绳索驱动具有柔顺性好、占空间小、重量轻等特点,不会与人体产生刚性碰撞、冲击,非常适合于康复机器人的驱动控制．由于绳索的柔性使其只能承受拉力,其牵引构成冗余驱动系统,因此绳索位置伺服系统须引入力控制,保证工作时绳索具有一定的张力．针对康复训练机器人的人体骨盆控制问题,设计了基于绳索驱动的伺服控制系统,通过Matlab提供的sisotool进行PI和PD控制器的设计,并对张紧力、位置和二者之间的相互影响进行了仿真分析,证明了绳索驱动适合对骨盆规律的控制,并且可以在其他绳索牵引控制技术上得到应用和推广．     

一种混合驱动的上肢康复外骨骼机器人设计

针对现有上肢康复外骨骼机器人的驱动问题,设计一种混合驱动的上肢康复外骨骼机器人,肩关节由电机直接与关节相连驱动,肘关节与腕关节由电机与绳索配合驱动。按照人体上肢解剖学结构设计出外骨骼机器人的本体结构和基本属性,分析肘关节运动原理,进行绳驱动关节张力分析,运用D-H法建立机器人的运动学模型,分析正运动学,通过ADAMS软件对机器人进行动力学仿真,运用CUBSPL函数作为驱动得出各关节的力矩变化,为后面各个关节电机的选型提供依据。     

球形机器人水下系泊状态水流干扰运动分析

为了使球形机器人能在复杂水域安全工作和利用能量,对其锚定状态下受水流干扰的运动规律进行分析.首先针对机器人的形体结构特点,应用线性波理论和Morision方程对流体载荷进行描述,并以机器人锚定系统方程为基础,引入波浪水动力、重摆扰动力和绳索弹性力项,建立了球形水下机器人锚定状态波流联合激励的动力学模型.然后在搭建的虚拟仿真验证系统中对机器人的位移、绳索拉力和重摆摆角进行仿真和验证,总结出绳索锚定角和拉力随流速增加呈非线性变化规律及机器人在波浪幅值影响下的波动特性,结合绳索张紧和松弛状态交替现象分析绳索拉力和重摆摆角异常波动原因.研究结果为球形机器人对流体波浪能的吸收和转化提供理论基础.     

跳跃机器人各关节的动力学仿真分析

基于跳跃机器人在越障方面优于轮动或爬行机器人的特点,设计了一个三关节跳跃机器人,并建立了简化的机构模型.从分析力学的角度对机器人进行运动分析,采用拉格朗日法建立了站立相和腾空相的动力学方程,并用Matlab对动力学方程进行了数值仿真.仿真结果表明各关节在电机驱动下有小幅度振动.这一结果说明在研究跳跃机器人的稳定性时,要解决各关节小幅度振动问题.     

采用Matlab的六自由度机器人三维运动学仿真

对SA1400型六自由度工业机器人进行三维的运动学建模与仿真,建立机器人的正逆运动学方程,并得到正逆解.为验证方程及所求解的正确性,首先,使用Solidworks建立机器人各个部件三维模型;然后,用Matlab将所求得的正逆解编写为程序,导入机器人各部件,利用Matlab的三维绘图功能,以显示机器人的三维模型,并对机器人按轨迹运动的过程进行动态仿真,记录运动过程中机器人各关节角度值的变化,提示求解得到的不合理角度值和奇异点.结果表明:仿真过程较真实地模拟了实际机器人的运动情况,仿真结果达到预期目标,证明根     

6自由度绳索牵引并联机器人的悬链线建模与动力学分析

针对6自由度大跨度绳索牵引并联机器人存在绳索悬链线效应的问题,分别建立了绳索的直线模型和绳索的悬链线模型,在此基础上推导了并联机器人的动力学模型,并对二者进行分析和比较.在绳索牵引并联机器人逆动力学的求解过程中,采用带约束的非线性优化方法作为求解工具来计算满足绳索单向力约束的绳索张力.仿真结果表明,考虑绳索的悬链线模型时,并联机器人逆动力学解得到的绳索末端张力与绳索的线性模型相比有很大的变化,故绳索悬链线效应不可忽略,动力学分析中必须加入绳索的悬链线模型.     

绳驱动仿腕关节绳拉力分布和可控刚度特性分析

为模拟人臂腕关节的结构功能,提出了有别于传统仿生关节的3自由度绳驱动并联结构,即通过球副连接动平台与静平台实现腕关节的转动功能。考虑绳驱动的冗余特性和绳索的单向受力性,对机构的位姿结构进行静力学分析,获得绳索张力表达式,同时建立绳张力分布优化模型,通过遗传算法得到绳拉力分布情况。通过建立运动学和静力学方程对机构进行受力分析,并引入线矢量和微分变换的方式,推导出机构的固有刚度和可控刚度,建立了腕关节静态位姿结构刚度模型,并给出刚度评价指标。分析绳索张力与机构刚度的关系和可控刚度对整体刚度的影响,数值仿真分析得出腕关节机构的位姿结构刚度在工作空间中的分布规律。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.