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1.
Without using any turbulent model, direct numerical simulation of a three-dimensional gas-solid two-phase turbulent jet was performed by finite volume method. The effects on dispersion of particles with different Stokes numbers by the transitional behavior of turbulent structures were investigated. To produce high-resolution results and reduce the computation and storage, the fractional-step projection algorithm was used to solve the governing equations of gas phase fluid. The low-storage, three-order Runge-Kutta scheme was used for time integration. The governing equations of particles were solved in the Lagrangian framework. These numerical schemes were validated by the good agreement be-tween the statistical results of flow field and the related experimental data. In the study of particle dis-persion, it was found that the effects on particle dispersion by the spanwise vortex structures were prominent. The new behaviors of particle dispersion were also observed during the evolution of the flow field, i.e. the transitional phenomenon of particle dispersion occurs for the particles with small and intermediate Stokes numbers.  相似文献   

2.
The spectral-element approach is used to simulate the gas-solid two-phase flow behind of the circular cylinder. Based on the method of a high accuracy calculation for the gas phase flow, the particle dynamic field is put into practice. Two key influence factors, Stokes number and Reynolds number, are investigated. The simulation results give a clear pattern of the physical characteristics of gas-particle flow. Due to the construction properties of the eddies in the wake of the circular cylinder, the suction is the main dispersion mechanism of particles near to the centric axis. This effect can make the small particle sucted to the near wake of the circular cylinder. The particle dispersion is also induced by the pressure gradient which is caused by the strong velocity gradient of gas phase.  相似文献   

3.
Gas-solid two-phase turbulent plane jet is applied to many natural situations and in engineering systems.To predict the particle dispersion in the gas jet is of great importance in industrial applications and in the designing of engineering systems.A large eddy simulation of the two-phase plane jet eas conducted to in-vestigate the particle dispersion patterns.The particles with Stokes numbers equal to 0.0028,0.3,2.5,28(corresponding to particle diamster 1μm,10μm,30μm,100μm,respectively)in Re=11300 gas flow were strudied.The simulation results of gas phase motion agreed well with previous experimental results.And the simulation results of the solid particles motion showed that particles with different Stokes number have dif-ferent spatial dispersion;and that particles with intermediate Stokes number have the largest dispersion ratio.  相似文献   

4.
Large eddy simulation of the gas-particle turbulent wake flow   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
To find out the detailed characteristics of the coherent structures and associated particle dispersion in free shear flow, large eddy simulation method was adopted to investigate a two-dimensional particleladen wake flow. The well-known Sub-grid Scale mode introduced by Smagorinsky was employed to simulate the gas flow field and Lagrangian approach was used to trace the particles. The results showed that the typical large-scale vortex structures exhibit a stable counter rotating arrangement of opposite sign, and alternately form from the near wall region, shed and move towards the downstream positions of the wake with the development of the flow. For particle dispersion, the Stokes number of particles is a key parameter. At the Stokes numbers of 1.4 and 3.8 the particles concentrate highly in the outer boundary regions. While the particles congregate densely in the vortex core regions at the Stokes number of 0. 15, and the particles at Stokes number of 15 assemble in the vortex braid regions and the rib regions between the adjoining vortex structures.  相似文献   

5.
Fluid flow, heat transfer and combustion in Jinlong CJD concentrate burner flash smelting furnace have been investigated by numerical modeling and flow visualization. The modeling is based on the Eulerian approach for the gas flow equations and the Lagrangian approach for the particles. Interaction between the gas phase and particle phase, such as frictional forces, heat and mass transfer, are included by the addition of sources and sinks. The modeling results including the fluid flow field, temperature field, concentration field of gas phase and the trajectories of particles have been obtained. The predicted results are in good agreement with the data obtained from a series of experiments and tests in the Jinlong Copper Smelter and the temperature error is less than 20 K.  相似文献   

6.
By using an ensemble-averaged two-fluid model,with valid closure conditions of interfacial momentum exchange due to virtual mass force,viscous shear stress and drag force,a model for pressure wave propagation in a horizontal gas-liquid bubbly flow is proposed.According to the small perturbation theory and solvable condition of one-order linear uniform equations,a dispersion equation of pressure wave is induced.The pressure wave speed calculated from the model is compared and in good agreement with existing data.According to the dispersion equation,the propagation and attenuation of pressure wave are investigated systemically.The factors affecting pressure wave,such as void fraction,pressure,wall shear stress,perturbation frequency,virtual mass force and drag force,are analyzed.The result shows that the decrease in system pressure,the increase in void fraction and the existence of wall shear stress,will cause a decrease in pressure wave speed and an increase in the attenuation coefficient in the horizontal gas-liquid bubbly flow.The effects of perturbation frequency,virtual mass and drag force on pressure wave in the horizontal gas-liquid bubbly flow at low perturbation frequency are different from that at high perturbation frequency.  相似文献   

7.
The gas-phase flow field in a cyclone separator with a volute inlet is numerically simulated based upon the Reynolds stress model (RSM) on the platform of commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, FLUENT 6.1. The asymmetric characteristics of the flow field are analyzed in this paper. The results indicate that the gas?phase flow field is slightly asymmetric in the tube and cone spaces, but remarkably asymmetric in the annular space. Meanwhile, it can be seen that the axial center of the gas flow vortex deviates from the geometric center of the cyclone. This swirling eccentricity results from the asymmetrical inlet structure and the instability of the swirling flow. The deviated distance, and direction varies with the axial position and the maximal deviated distance is approximately 0.07R. The offset of two centers makes the radial velocity of the gas?phase flow field have a remarkable asymmetrical profile. The asymmetric characteristics of the radial velocity distribution are first explained in this study. The above results are in fair agreement with the experimental data from the literature.  相似文献   

8.
Detailed parametric study of three-dimensional gas-particle multiphase flow characteristics in Ubeam tube bundle ntertial separators was conducted by numerical simulation.The carrier phase was treated in the Eulerian frame,the particles were tracked in the Lagrangian frame,and particle-wall collision was considered.Simulation carried out at different inflow rate and mass loading ratios revealed the pressure losses in the separators,velocity field of the gas phase,and the trajectories of particles.The study results revealed the multiphase flow-dynamic features of the separators,and the relationship between separator pressure losses and different inlet velocity.The numerical simulation can provde basis both for optimal disign of mpacting-inertial separator used in circulating fluidized bed boiler;and for study of gas-particle multiphase circumfluence flow.  相似文献   

9.
Chironomid larvae propagate prolifically in eutrophic water body and they cannot be exterminated by conventional disinfection process. The inactivation effects of chlorine and chlorine dioxide on Chironomid larvae were investigated and some bourdary values in practice were determined under .conditions of various oxidaat dosage, organic precursor concentmtion and pH value. In addition, removal effect of different pre-oxidation cambined with coagulation process on Chironomid larvae in raw water was evaluated. It was found that chlorine dioxide possessed better inactivation effect than chlorine. Complete inactivation of Chironomid larvae in raw water was resulted by 1.5 mg/L of chlorine dioxide with 30 min of contact 'time. Additionally, the organic precursor concentration, pH value had little influence on the inactivation effect. The coagulation jar test showed that Chironomid larvae in the raw water could be completely removed by chlorine dioxide pre-oxidation in combination with the coagulation process at chlorine dioxide dosage of 0.8 mg/L.  相似文献   

10.
A combined first and second-order model, which includes bulk decay and wall decay, was developed to describe chlorine decay in water distribution systems. In the model the bulk decay has complex relationships with total organic carbon (TOC), the initial chlorine concentration and the temperature. Except for the initial stages they can be simplified into a linear increase with TOC, a linear decrease with initial chlorine concentration and an exponential relationship with the temperature. The model also explains why chlorine decays rapidly in the initial stages. The parameters of model are determined by deriving the best fitness with experimental data. And the accuracy of model has been verified by using the experimental data and the monitoring data in a distribution system.  相似文献   

11.
研究架空建筑设计对街道峡谷内气流流动和污染物扩散规律的影响。考虑了4种不同街谷高宽比(H/W)和3种架空建筑类型,利用经风洞实验验证的CFD数值模型对上述街谷内流动与污染物扩散规律进行模拟研究。结果表明,在无架空街谷中,H/W的增大不利于街谷内污染物扩散。与无架空街谷相比,架空结构显著改善了街谷内的空气质量。两侧建筑架空结构比单侧建筑架空结构更有利于街谷内污染物扩散,上游建筑架空结构对街谷内污染物的稀释作用优于下游建筑架空结构。当两侧建筑架空时,街谷内污染物可降低90%以上。架空结构显著增强了街谷近地面的气流流速,改善了街谷内的空气质量。  相似文献   

12.
随着全球城市化进程的不断深入, 城市高架道路密集出现. 这在一定程度上缓解了城市的交通拥堵, 但也带来了一系列交通污染问题. 通过文献调研, 对城市高架街谷交通污染物的扩散规律进行分析. 首先, 对城市高架街谷的交通污染特征及其建成环境特征进行梳理; 然后, 从空间尺度(水平和垂直)和时间尺度(宏观和微观), 对城市高架街谷交通污染物的时空分布规律进行归纳; 最后, 总结了交通、建成环境以及微气象环境等因素对交通污染物在高架街谷扩散规律的影响. 通过对城市高架街谷交通污染物的扩散规律进行分析, 以期对未来的相关研究提供参考.  相似文献   

13.
街道峡谷内机动车排放污染物的数值模拟   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
针对典型的平顶和坡顶的城市街道峡谷结构,通过求解二维和三维不可压缩N-S方程、湍流模型方程及对流扩散方程,数值模拟了街道峡谷内的流场及机动车排放污染物的对流扩散.结果表明,使用二维和三维数学模型所计算的两边为平顶建筑的街道峡谷内污染物浓度不同;而两边为坡顶和平顶建筑的街道峡谷内的背风面污染物的浓度,在相同的气象条件下,三维数学模型数值模拟结果基本一致。  相似文献   

14.
城市街谷大气环境研究进展   总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13  
机动车尾气排放不断增加以及城市通风能力降低,常导致城市街谷内的空气污染。城市街谷大气环境主要研究方法包括外场观测、实验室物理模拟和数值计算。外场观测和物理模拟可以考察街谷内污染物的传输扩散规律并对数值模式进行检验,另外,复杂的数值模式则可对城市冠层内大气扩散问题进行详细模拟,数值模拟和外场观测及物理模拟相配合,可用于环境质量评价、污染控制决策及交通规划。重点介绍了近十年内城市街谷大气环境研究的主要成果。  相似文献   

15.
利用CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)技术模拟分析了来流风速、地面粗糙高度、建筑布局及缺口宽度对6种典型布局三维长街谷内外流场的影响,并引入整体换气次数nt和局部换气次数np的概念,评估了街谷的换气能力.研究结果表明:在自模区范围内nt与来流风速大小线性相关;粗糙高度对nt的影响是有限的;建筑布局能够明显改变街谷气流组织结构和换气能力,尤其是上风侧缺口的数量、宽度及缺口之间的相对位置.  相似文献   

16.
带斜顶建筑物的城市街道峡谷内部气流场数值研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
基于S.R afa ilid is和M.Schatzm ann在风洞中所采用的城市街道峡谷物理模型,数值模拟了6种带有斜顶建筑物的城市街道峡谷内部气流场。模拟结果表明:①建筑物斜顶显著影响峡谷内部的气流场,由于气流绕过斜顶时产生剧烈分离,使得处于背风面的斜顶与处于迎风面的斜顶相比,前者对峡谷内部的气流漩涡结构影响更大;②斜顶建筑物高度与峡谷宽度的比是决定峡谷内部漩涡结构的重要因素,其比值愈大愈易于在峡谷内部生成两个旋转方向相反的漩涡(其中峡谷上部为顺时针漩涡,而下部为逆时针漩涡)。  相似文献   

17.
城市街道峡谷二维空气流场的数值计算   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
用标准κ-ε模型计算了不同高宽比街道峡谷的内部流场,并将计算结果与风洞试验数据及前人的雷诺应力湍流模型研究结果进行了对比.计算表明:随着高宽比的增加,峡谷内旋涡数增多,易形成独立的稳定的循环气流,污染物会比较难扩散.峡谷内建筑物墙面附近气流垂直速度的曲线上有驻点出现,峡谷达到一定深度后,并开始出现第2个驻点.  相似文献   

18.
应用计算流体力学(CFD)软件FLUENT模拟了不同形式的高架桥在街道峡谷中的气流和污染物分布的状况.该高架桥的不同形式包括:高架桥的高度、高架桥的宽度以及高架桥是否有污染源.采用标准k-ε模型与离散相模型对街道峡谷内部气流运动及污染物浓度分布进行了模拟计算,并分析了高架桥对风场及污染物扩散的影响.  相似文献   

19.
城市街道内污染物扩散的数值模拟   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
随着我国城市汽车保有量的迅速攀升,城市中心区的空气质量与生态环境急剧恶化.利用CFD数值模拟研究街道峡谷污染物的扩散问题,对比分析了开放街道峡谷和城市街道峡谷污染物的扩散问题,证明了计算域和入流边界处湍动能k和湍动能耗散率ε取值的重要性.计算结果与经典风洞实验符合很好,证实了相同条件下城市街道峡谷的背风墙和迎风墙上的污染物浓度均大于开放街道峡谷的相应值.利用3维建筑群计算实例,指出了寻求建筑群优化布局对减小小区污染的重要性.  相似文献   

20.
城市街道峡谷内大气污染扩散模式   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
对城市街道峡谷内大气污染的扩散模式进行了探讨,指出了应用模式一般是针对特殊的街道峡谷问题而设计的,属于半经验模式;CFD模式可以对复杂的街道峡谷内扩散问题进行微观的研究,是今后的发展趋势;物理模拟则可以对大气扩散问题进行详细研究。  相似文献   

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