桥面铺装环氧沥青防水粘结层性能试验与评价

为评价桥面铺装环氧沥青防水粘结层的性能,采用剪切、拉拔等试验,研究分析了环氧沥青对钢板基面和水泥板基面的粘结强度及其强度随温度和养生时间的关系;采用复合板模拟试验,分析比较了几种防水粘结层与不同基面板和沥青铺装层的剪切强度和拉拔强度。试验结果表明:环氧沥青作为桥面结构防水粘结层,其剪切、拉拔强度明显优于其他类型材料,并且对钢板基面的拉拔、剪切强度均高于水泥板基面,说明环氧沥青更适合于钢桥面铺装;在高温下,环氧沥青与其上沥青结构具有良好的粘结强度。     

SBS改性沥青与石料的剪切性能

针对水煮法评价SBS改性沥青与石料间黏附性的局限性,以沥青与石料的黏结机理分析为基础,设计了基于剪切试验的沥青与石料黏附性评价方法,提出了以剪切强度作为黏附性定量评价指标,通过剪切试验,验证了剪切强度指标的可行性,分析了SBS改性剂类型、掺量和试验温度对SBS改性沥青与石料黏结作用的影响.结果表明:SBS的掺入显著改善了沥青与石料的黏结作用;随SBS掺量的增加,改性沥青与石料的黏结作用有明显的增大,当掺量为4%时,SBS改性沥青与石料的剪切强度较基质沥青提高约100%;同时,也说明剪切强度指标可定量评价沥青与石料的黏结效果,从而为改性沥青的性能评价和质量控制提供参考.     

硅烷偶联剂对沥青与石料及水泥胶砂界面的作用

把硅烷偶联剂A的水溶液喷涂于石料及水泥胶砂表面,采用红外光谱分析、强度检验及黏附性实验等方法,研究了硅烷偶联剂对乳化沥青、普通沥青与石料及水泥胶砂界面的作用.研究结果表明,经过硅烷偶联剂A处理后的花岗岩、砂粉和水泥净浆粉末的红外图谱均存在明显的CH2吸收带,在表面形成了一层偶联层,此偶联层增强了它们和乳化沥青、普通沥青之间的黏接;将0.6%硅烷偶联剂A水溶液涂覆到水泥胶砂界面,再以乳化沥青和普通沥青连接试件,其28天抗折强度及28天抗拉强度可分别提高20%和60%;花岗岩石料浸泡硅烷偶联剂A水溶液后与乳化沥青的裹覆面积、与普通沥青的黏附级数均有提高.     

偶联剂改善沥青混凝土性能及油石界面试验研究

试验探讨了偶联剂作为油石界面改性剂对沥青混凝土性能改善的可能性.试验发现,偶联剂无论对酸性花岗岩石料还是中性玄武岩石料的沥青混凝土性能都具有明显的改善作用.添加偶联剂的沥青,对石料的黏附等级达到5级,而改性前的沥青与花岗岩和玄武岩的黏附等级仅为2级和3级;马歇尔稳定度比基质沥青混凝土提高10%～20%,马歇尔模数提高约6%,残留马歇尔稳定度提高18%～28%,3次冻融循环后的劈裂强度比相对于基质沥青混凝土提高25%～33%.红外光谱分析证实,偶联剂在花岗岩和玄武岩石料表面均形成一层偶联层.消耗石料表面残留水分、形成偶联化层和提高沥青在石料表面的润湿速度是硅烷偶联剂改善油石界面的根本原因.     

高性能环氧沥青材料的绿色制备技术

通过加入高分子脂肪族多元醇中和环氧沥青中的游离顺酐,避免顺酐挥发对生产和使用环境的影响,保证了环氧沥青材料的绿色制备和使用.制备可用于粘结层与铺装层的环氧沥青材料平均拉伸强度分别达到6.8和2.4MPa,平均断裂延伸率分别达到204.1%和292.3%.作为粘结层材料,与水泥混凝土的拉拔强度为2.0MPa,剪切强度为2.2MPa,与钢板的拉拔强度达到7.8MPa,作为混合料制备的马歇尔试件最终稳定度为56.98kN.     

基于表面能的掺消石灰沥青黏附性分析

为分析消石灰对基质沥青与酸性石料黏附性的影响,以表面能理论为基础,分别在干燥和潮湿两种条件下,比较SK90~#、中海90~#、克炼90~#、SK70~#、中海70~#和现代70~#等6种基质沥青掺加消石灰前后与花岗岩的黏附功大小,并通过改进的水煮试验,对黏附功理论的试验结果进行进一步验证.研究结果表明:在掺入消石灰后,6种沥青的总表面能参数减小7.6%～10.3%,而表面能极性分量的数值和所占比例均增大;沥青与花岗岩的黏附功提升明显,抵抗水损害能力增强,且沥青和花岗岩的黏附功试验与水煮试验结果有着显著的关联性,由此量化了消石灰在改善基质沥青与酸性石料黏附性方面的效果.     

环氧沥青混凝土性能研究

通过对环氧沥青混凝土各方面力学性能的试验研究发现,环氧沥青混凝土具有优良的力学性能而且在低温条件下仍具有很好的变形能力,其强度是普通沥青混凝土或其他桥面铺装用的沥青混合料（SMA、浇注式沥青混凝土）的7－8倍,其温度变形系数接近钢板,因此,环氧沥青混凝土作为钢桥面铺装材料较之其他种类材料具有很大的优越性。     

热氧老化对高韧性环氧沥青及其混合料性能的影响

通过热氧老化前后的拉伸试验和黏度试验评价高韧性环氧沥青的抗老化性能,通过马歇尔试验、劈裂试验、低温小梁弯曲试验及四点弯曲疲劳试验考察热氧老化对高韧性环氧沥青混合料性能的影响;并与美国环氧沥青和日本环氧沥青作对比。结果表明,热氧老化对三种环氧沥青及混合料的性能影响均不显著,老化后仍满足相关技术指标要求。其中,高韧性环氧沥青的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和施工容留时间分别损失了8. 9%、11. 2%和4. 8%;其混合料的马歇尔稳定度、劈裂强度、低温破坏应变和疲劳寿命分别下降了6. 6%、5. 7%、8. 2%、8. 1%。高韧性环氧沥青的抗老化性能略逊于美国环氧沥青,而优于日本环氧沥青。     

钢桥面复合铺装结构永久变形预估

针对浇注式与环氧沥青混凝土两种铺装材料组成的5类铺装结构,采用恒高度剪切疲劳试验对铺装材料的流变特性进行试验研究,根据试验结果,利用多元非线性回归方法获得基于Bailey-Norton模型的铺装材料高温蠕变参数;而后,建立正交异性钢桥面铺装复合结构有限元模型,仿真模拟60℃下铺装的永久变形;最后,利用等厚度修正的车辙试验对5类铺装结构的永久变形仿真结果进行了试验验证.研究表明:浇注与环氧组成的异性铺装结构中,铺装永久变形贡献率大部分是浇注式沥青混凝土,而环氧沥青混凝土的贡献率很小;浇注或环氧组成的双层同质铺装结构中,铺装车辙变形主要发生在上面层.研究内容为钢桥面铺装结构与材料的高温变形设计提供理论支撑.     

环氧沥青防水粘结层性能研究

桥面铺装耐久性能下降、早期破坏严重与其粘结层的性能有着密切的联系。为了研究环氧沥青防水粘结层的性能优势,该文分析了环氧沥青的固化机理,通过拉伸、拉拔、剪切试验开展了环氧沥青与SBS改性沥青粘结强度的对比研究,并且对环氧沥青耐久性能、防水性能、施工性能进行研究。研究结果表明,环氧沥青防水粘结层比SBS改性沥青防水粘结层有更好的粘结性能,环氧沥青防水粘结层具有良好的耐久性、防水性和施工性能。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.