新疆红枣缩果病和枣果黑斑病病原鉴定

为了明确新疆枣缩果病和枣果黑斑病病原菌的种类,从新疆红枣主要种植区哈密地区、阿克苏地区和巴音郭楞蒙古自治州分别采集红枣缩果病样品95份和枣果黑斑病样品77份。采用常规组织分离法对采集样品分离,并挑选典型代表菌株进行致病性测定和鉴定。结果表明:从缩果病样品中分离获得90株分离物,从枣果黑斑病样品中分离获得49株分离物,在139株分离物中,链格孢菌131株,占94.25%,镰刀菌6株,占4.32%,青霉菌2株,占1.44%。选取20株代表分离物进行致病性测定,18株链格孢菌分离物均可导致红枣果实发病,而镰刀菌无致病力。对18株代表性分离物的鉴定结果,明确了新疆枣缩果病和枣果黑斑病病原菌是链格孢菌。     

两株异源生防菌的鉴定及其对烟草根腐病的协防增效

为了防治烟草镰刀菌根腐病和验证异源生防菌的协防增效，以前期分别分离自烟草植株内生菌和根际土壤的保藏菌株为材料，采用平板拮抗实验技术进行了生防烟草茄病镰刀菌(Fusarium solani)异源功能菌的筛选，对异源生防菌株开展了多相鉴定，并通过离体盆栽验证实验考察对比了异源生防菌的协防增效情况，测定了异源生防菌不同应用处理烟株3种防御体系酶活性的变化情况.结果显示：以烟草茄病镰刀菌为指示菌株，筛选获得2株拮抗活性较好的菌株，分别编号为YA14与YC3,其抑菌圈半径分别为8.24和9.43 mm;依据YA14与YC3的形态、生化特征及其16S rRNA和gyrB序列分析，将YA14、YC3系统鉴定为地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis YA14)和成团泛菌(Pantoea agglomerans YC3);盆栽验证实验结果表明YA14与YC3联用对烟草镰刀菌根腐病协防的病情指数最低，为19.87%,协防增效达到79.79%,显著高于YA14或YC3的单用处理结果.烟株的防御体系酶SOD、POD和CAT活性测定也显示YA14与YC3协防处理的酶活性高于单用处理.以上结果...     

中国地下真菌新种和新记录Ⅶ

文内报导了采自中国的地下真菌新种、新变种和新记录１１个，它们是：西藏层腹菌Ｈｙ－ｍｅｎｏｇａｓｔｅｒｘｉｚａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓＫ．Ｔａｏ，ＬｉｕｅｔＡ．Ｓ．Ｘｕｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，湖北高腹菌ＧａｕｔｉｅｒｉａｈｕｂｅｉｅｎｓｉｓＫ．Ｔａｏ，ＣｈａｎｇｅｔＬｉｕｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，神农架高腹菌Ｇ．ｓｈｅｎｎｏｎｇｊｉａｅｎｓｉｓＫ．Ｔａｏ，ＣｈａｎｇｅｔＬｉｕｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，昆明小林块腹菌ＫｏｂａｙａｓｉａｋｕｎｍｉｎｇｉｃａＺａｎｇ，Ｋ．ＴａｏｅｔＬｉｕｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，小林块腹菌黄色变种Ｋ．ｎｉｐｐｏｎｉｃａＩｍａｉｅｔＫａｗａｍ．ｖａｒ．ｄｏｒａｃｉｎａＺａｎｇ，Ｋ．ＴａｏｅｔＬｉｕｖａｒ．ｎｏｖ．，吉尔克无索腹菌Ｍａｒｔｅｌｉａｇｉｌｋｅｙａｅ（ＺｅｌｅｒｅｔＤｏｄｇｅ）ＳｉｎｇｅｒｅｔＳｍｉｔｈ，黄层腹菌ＨｙｍｅｎｏｇａｓｔｅｒｌｕｔｅｕｓＶｉｔｔ．，钝层腹菌Ｈ．ｍｕｔｉｃｕｓＢｅｒｋ．ｅｔＢｒ．，星孢奥腹菌坡特变种Ｏｃｔａｖｉａｎｉａａｓｔｅｒｏｓｐｅｒｍａ（Ｖｉｔｔ．）Ｏ．Ｋｕｎｔｚｅｖａｒ．ｐｏｔｔｅｒｉＳｉｎｇｅｒｅｔＳｍｉｔｈ，大孢高腹菌ＧａｕｔｉｅｒｉａｍａｃｒｏｓｐｏｒａＧ．Ｈ．Ｃｕｎｎ．，北方     

5种新分离细菌的分子鉴定及分类

测定和比较了５种新分离细菌的１６ＳｒＤＮＡ序列,并对其进行分子鉴定和分类．结果表明：Ｆ５７７１和Ａ５６０８为棒杆菌属（Ｃｏｒｙｎｅｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍ）的２个新种;ＬＣＤＣ８９０５５是１种放线菌,与Ａｃｔｉｎｏｍｙｃｅｓｐｙｏｇｅｎｅｓ遗传距离较近;而ＬＣＤＣ８７０８０和ＣＤＣｇｒｏｕｐＡＮＦ１ｌｉｋｅ则分别为Ａｎｅｕｉ和Ｔｕｒｉｃｅｌａｏｔｉｔｉｄｉｓ菌的不同菌株．     

厌氧光合系统中光合细菌的分离和特性

从厌氧消化反应器中分离出光合细菌．根据菌体形态、光合色素的吸收光谱及生理生化特征,鉴定为荚膜红假单胞菌（ＲｈｏｄｏｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓＣａｐｓｕｌａｔａ）和浑球红假单胞菌（ＲｈｏｄｏｂａｃｔｅｒＳｐｈｅｒｏｉｄｅｓ）．这２种光合细菌能够利用多种小分子有机酸,耐受高浓度硫酸盐,具有较强的降解味精废水中ＣＯＤ物质的生物活性．     

川南地不容的生物碱研究

从川南地不容（Ｓｔｅｐｈａｎｉａｅｂｒａｃｔｅａｔａ）的块根中分离出４种生物碱．根据其理化性质及光谱数据，分别鉴定为：Ｌ－四氢巴马亭（Ｌ－ｔｅｔｒａｈｙｄｒｏｐａｌｍａｔｉｎｅ，Ⅰ），荷苞牡丹碱（ｄｉｃｅｎｔｒｉｎｅ，Ⅱ），青藤碱（ｓｉｎｏｍｅｎｉｎｅ，Ⅲ），巴马亭（ｐａｌｍａｔｉｎｅ，Ⅳ）．     

鸡堫菌培养液多糖物质的研究

本文对鸡菌Ｔｅｒｍｉｔｏｍｙｃｅｓｒｏｂｕｓｔｕｓ（Ｂｅｅｌｉ）Ｈｅｉｍ多糖物质的生理生化作用进行了研究．通过两种不同培养基培养鸡纵菌，在生长的过程中测定培养液中多糖含量．多糖用乙醇沉淀提取，用三氯乙酸－正丁醇除去蛋白，采用Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ－Ｇ１００柱层析进一步纯化．提取的多糖显示一定的免疫活性，能够刺激人血淋巴细胞的转化．     

古浪县引黄灌区春小麦根病发生为害原因及防治对策

古浪县引黄灌区春小麦根病发生为害原因及防治对策甘国福，辛建荣（古浪县农技中心，７３３１００）小麦根病是一种复合病害，其主要致病菌为全蚀病菌（Ｇａｅｕｍａｎｎｏｍｙｃｅｓｇｒａｍｉｎｉｓｓｐｐ）、离孺孢（Ｂｉｐｏ－ｌａｒｉｓｓｐｐ）、镰刀菌（Ｆｕｓａｒ...     

厦门养殖对虾主要病原生物

作者在１９８９～１９９１年间，对厦门中郊区养殖对虾的主要病原生物进行调查，结果表明：亲虾黑鳃病的主要病原菌为镰刀菌（Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍｓｐ）；细菌性病害的主要病原菌为弧菌属（Ｖｉｂｒｉｏ）、气单胞菌属（Ａｅｒｏｍｏｎａｓ）和假单胞菌属（Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓ）；对虾白毛病的病原生物有聚缩虫（Ｚｏｏｔｈａｍｎｉ－ｕｍ）、独缩虫（Ｃａｒｃｈｅｓｉｕｍ）、钟虫（Ｖｏｒｔｉｃｅｌｌａ）和丝状细菌。     

猫儿屎植物的化学成分及其药效学研究

首次从木通科猫儿屎（ＤｅｃａｉｓｎｅａｆａｒｇｅｓｉｉＦｒａｎｃｈ）中分离鉴定了１１种皂甙化合物．经光谱分析及化学方法鉴定，其中５种化合物为新化合物，分别命名为：ＤｅｃａｉｓｏｓｉｄｅＡ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ、Ｇ；另５种化合物为ＳａｐｏｎｉｎＰＧ、ＤｉｐｓａｃｏｓｉｄｅＢ、Ｋａｌｏｐａｎａｘ－ｓａｐｏｎｉｎＢ、Ｓａｐｏｎｉｎ１１、ＨｅｄｅｒａｓａｐｏｎｉｎＢ和ｓａｐｏｎｉｎＰＪ３．猫儿屎对小鼠移植性肿瘤Ｓ１８０（小白鼠肉瘤）、Ｈｅｐａ（肝癌）、Ｅｃ（艾氏病）的平均抑制率分别为４７．８０％、４１．４８％、４４．７１％，具有一定的抗肿瘤活性．     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.