担载Ni催化剂中Ni担载量及金属助剂对CH4与CO2重整反应活性的影响

考察了金属Ni担载量对Ni/Al2O3、Ni/MgO/Al2O3催化剂用于甲烷与二氧化碳重整反应活性的影响,结果表明Ni担载量对反应活性的影响受反应温度的制约.在低担载量时,催化活性随Ni担载量的增加而增加,到3%时CH4及CO2转化率分别达到100%和88%;但对高担载量催化剂如20%Ni/MgO/Al2O3,高温时（＞1073K）因Ni的聚集等使反应器堵塞,导致活性骤降.与Ni/Al2O3相比,Ni/MgO/Al2O3具有更好的稳定性.助剂对催化活性及稳定性也有一定影响.各助剂对CH4转化的影响次序为La＞Mn＞Co＞Fe.助剂的加入有助于Ni催化剂稳定性的提高.     

催化燃烧VOCs的三种过渡金属催化剂的活性比较

利用浸渍法将过渡金属硝酸盐溶液沉积在γ—Al2O3上，通过焙烧制得三种过渡金属氧化物催化剂CuO／γ-Al2O3、CdO／γ-Al2O3和NiO／γ—Al2O3,通过催化燃烧销毁乙醇、丙酮和甲苯的实验，对催化剂活性进行了评价．实验结果表明，在催化剂作用下，三种挥发性有机化合物VOCs催化燃烧的起燃温度和完全燃烧温度都明显低于它们的燃点，其中CuO／γ-AlO3催化剂的催化活性优于CdO／γ—Al2O3和NiO／γ—A12O3催化剂，它对丙酮、乙醇和甲苯的催化起燃温度分别是180，190和230℃，另外对于催化燃烧VOCs，挥发性气体分子的极性越大就越容易被氧化。     

SO2对NO催化氧化过程的影响Ⅰ. 载体的作用

研究了载体在SO2影响NO催化氧化过程中的作用，考察了反应温度为423K时，γ-Al2O3、ZrO2、TiO2和SiO24种载体及其负载的Pt催化剂对NO的氧化性能，与SO2存在下的NO反应活性相比，只有γ－Al2O3及其负载的Pt催化剂上存在SO2促进NO氧化的现象。运用BET、XRD、IR及固体酸度测定等多种表征手段，对不同载体在反应前后的化学结构和表面性质进行了分析，并与反应过程相联系，证实SO2的吸附改变了γ－Al2O3的表面结构，有利于产物NO2的脱附；而对SO2吸附能力较弱的其他载体或催化剂，SO2的影响则不同。     

BaO、ZrO2对Al2O3热稳定性及其负载型催化剂反应活性的影响

用初湿浸渍法分别制备了BaO—Al2O3、ZrO2-Al2O3复合载体及MnO2／BaO—Al2O3、MnOx／ZrO2-Al2O3系列催化剂，考察了BaO、ZrO2对Al2O2热稳定性的影响及催化剂对甲烷燃烧的活性．结果表明：加入BaO、ZrO2提高了Al2O3的热稳定性，MnOx／BaO—Al2O3、MnO2／ZrO2-Al2O3对甲烷燃烧的催化活性明显高于MnOx／Al2O3．     

烟气直接还原脱硫催化剂研究

实验考察了Cr2O3、MoO3、WO3三种单组分氧化物催化剂，以及四种不同催化载体对SO2直接催化还原的影响，结果表明它们的活性相差很大，WO3的活性最差，MoO3的活性最高；具有酸碱双功能的γ-Al2O3载体是催化脱硫的最佳载体．此外，制备了三种双组分金属氧化物负载催化剂，其催化脱硫活性顺序是：Mo—Co／γ-Al2O3＞Mo—Fe／γ-Al2O3＞Mo—No／γ-Al2O3；Mo—Co双组分催化比单组分MoO3具有优越性，在250—400℃范围内，SO2脱除率达90％以上，不仅催化脱硫活性比较高，而且催化剂不易失活．     

过渡金属原位掺杂Pt/TiO_2的喷雾燃烧制备及其CO氧化性能

CO催化氧化不仅是一种典型的多相催化反应模型,而且在气体净化方面也有许多实际用途。用喷雾燃烧一步法制备了TiO2负载Pt的催化反应体系,通过原位掺杂Fe、Mn元素来提高Pt/TiO2体系在CO催化氧化应用中的活性。系统考察了Fe、Mn掺杂后对产物的晶相、负载颗粒的大小和价态、载体表面氧种类以及体系表面还原性能的影响规律,研究了Fe、Mn等元素在催化反应过程的作用机理。结果表明,Fe、Mn掺杂于Pt/TiO2体系后,CO被完全氧化的温度降低了40℃,而且在通过Mn掺杂后,催化剂在30℃下的TOF值(单位时间内1mol催化剂上转化的反应底物的物质的量)提升了一个数量级,比增加相同质量比例的贵金属Pt表现出更高的催化活性,为低成本、高活性催化剂的设计和制备提供了新思路。     

担载Ni催化剂中Ni担载量及金属助剂对CH4与CO2重整反应活性的影响

考察了金属Ni担载量对Ni/Al2 O3、Ni/MgO/Al2 O3催化剂用于甲烷与二氧化碳重整反应活性的影响 ,结果表明 :Ni担载量对反应活性的影响受反应温度的制约 .在低担载量时 ,催化活性随Ni担载量的增加而增加 ,到 3%时CH4及CO2 转化率分别达到 10 0 %和88% ;但对高担载量催化剂如 2 0 %Ni/MgO/Al2 O3,高温时 (>10 73K)因Ni的聚集等使反应器堵塞 ,导致活性骤降 .与Ni/Al2 O3相比 ,Ni/MgO/Al2 O3具有更好的稳定性 .助剂对催化活性及稳定性也有一定影响 .各助剂对CH4转化的影响次序为 :La >Mn >Co >Fe .助剂的加入有助于Ni催化剂稳定性的提高 .     

Mo-V-Co-O催化剂的丙烷氧化脱氢性能研究

考察Mo2V1M0．5Ox(M=Co，Zr，Nb，Bi，Ni，Fe，Mn，Al，Sb，P，Nd，Te)系列催化剂的丙烷氧化脱氢性能，其中，添加Co的催化剂表现出较好的催化活性和丙烯选择性．对催化剂的BET，XRD，H2-TPR和NH3-TPD表征结果表明，Co元素的添加，改变了催化剂的物相组成，氧化还原性和酸碱性质，从而提高了Mo2V1Co0．5Ox催化剂的丙烷氧化脱氢性能．     

改性杂多酸催化剂的制备及其在甲缩醛合成中的催化活性

以A12O3、SiO2、TiO2、ZrO2、ZrO2-SiO2为载体制备了负载型磷钨杂多酸催化剂及CsxH3-xPWl2O40(X=1，l.5，2，2．5，3)磷钨杂多酸铯盐催化剂．考察了这些催化剂在甲酵与甲缩缩合制甲缩醛反应中的催化活性，结果表明：以SiO2、ZrO2、ZrO2-SiO2为载体制备的固载化杂多酸催化剂具有良好的催化活性，而A12O3、TiO2负载的杂多酸催化剂活性很差．杂多酸铯盐Cs2H3-xPWl2O40的催化活性则随Cs^ 离子含量的增加而升高，Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40给出最高的甲缩醛产率；但当H^ 离子完全被Cs^ 离子取代后，催化活性显著下降．     

Ni、Co、Mn（Salen）／MCM-41的制备及其催化性能的研究

直接合成法制备了NH2-MCM-41，进而负载Ni、Co、Mn（Salen）配合物制备了催化剂．采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、X射线衍射（XRD）对催化剂进行了表征．将这些催化剂用于以H2O2为氧化剂的环己烯环氧化反应，结果表明：与Ni（Salen）／MCM-41和Co（Salen）／MCM41相比，Mn（Salen）／MCM41具有较高的反应活性．以Mn（Salen）／MCM41为催化剂，获得了优化的反应条件：在n（C6H10）／n（H2O2）=3、20mL乙腈为溶剂、反应时间4h的条件下，环己烯转化率为8．0％，选择性为47．5％．     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.