磁性复合微球固定化脂肪酶的研究

用壳聚糖和二氧化硅共同包裹Fe3O4纳米粒子制得磁性高分子微球,并以此为载体,以戊二醛为交联剂固定化脂肪酶,探讨了固定化过程中戊二醛浓度、固定化时间、固定化pH对固定化酶活力的影响.结果表明,固定化脂肪酶的最佳条件:时间为10h,pH为7.5,戊二醛的浓度为8％.同时还对固定化酶与游离酶的最适温度和最适pH作了测定,固定化酶的最适温度为50℃,比游离酶的最适温度为40℃,提高了10℃;固定化酶的最适pH为7.0,与游离酶的最适pH7.5相比,向酸性偏移了0.5.     

壳聚糖固定化蚯蚓纤溶酶及其性质

以壳聚糖为载体,戊二醛为交联剂,用吸附交联法固定蚯蚓纤溶酶,对蚯蚓纤溶酶的固定化条件及固定化酶的各种性质进行了研究,确定了酶固定的最适条件:1 g用pH为6.5的磷酸盐缓冲液浸泡的壳聚糖载体与5 mL体积分数为1%戊二醛在25℃交联8 h,充分洗去戊二醛之后,加入蚯蚓纤溶酶13 U,4℃吸附6 h,充分洗去未交联的游离酶,酶活力回收最高大约为63%,固定化酶的比活为0.082 U/mg.固定化酶,游离酶的最适温度均为50℃,游离酶的最适pH值为8.5,而固定化酶的最适pH值为8.0,固定化酶的热稳定性,pH稳定性均比游离酶有所提高,游离酶、固定化酶都能水解纤维蛋白原和纤维蛋白,固定化酶不再水解BSA.     

海藻酸钠-壳聚糖固定化漆酶的研究

采用海藻酸钠包埋法和海藻酸钠-壳聚糖包埋-交联法固定化漆酶,探讨了固定化条件、固定化漆酶及游离酶的酶学性质,结果表明：包埋法和包埋-交联法固定化漆酶的最佳条件分别为海藻酸钠浓度3％、CaCl2浓度1．5％和海藻酸钠浓度2％、CaCl2浓度2％、壳聚糖浓度1．5％、戊二醛浓度1％．两种固定化漆酶的最适pH和最适温度相同,分别为5．0和30℃,游离酶pH为4．6,温度20℃．包埋法固定化漆酶、包埋一交联法固定化漆酶和游离酶的米氏常数分别为3．3,2．8,1．22mmol／L．     

固定化乙酰胆碱脂酶的研究

以戊二醛为交联剂,将乙酰胆碱脂酶交联固定到硅胶载体上,研究了影响固定化酶的主要因素．通过酶活力的测定,确定了最佳戊二醛浓度、pH值、固定化时间、酶用量、固定化酶的最适作用温度、pH值、酶的稳定性及其回收率．结果表明：戊二醛浓度为0．5％,pH值为8．0,固定3．0h,酶与载体比例为30mg／g可制备良好的功能化载体．固定化乙酰胆碱脂酶最适作用温度和pH范围分别为40℃和6．0～9．0．重复使用10次固定化酶,回收率约为70％．     

修饰性载体固定化漆酶

采用壳聚糖铜固定化和交联酶聚集体的方法固定化漆酶.探索了固定化前后漆酶的最适温度、pH,热稳定性和金属离子对其活性的影响,交联漆酶聚集体制备的条件.结果为:游离漆酶的最适温度是20℃,最适pH是4.6;壳聚糖铜固定化漆酶的最适温度是25℃,最适pH是4.0;交联漆酶聚集体的最适温度是15℃,最适pH是3.6.固定化后漆酶的热稳定性提高,不同金属离子影响固定化漆酶的活性,其中K+的激活作用尤为明显.制备交联漆酶聚集体最适戊二醛浓度为1%,最适交联时间是2 h.     

壳聚糖固定化β-葡萄糖苷酶酶学性质研究

采用交联吸附法将β-葡萄糖苷酶固定在壳聚糖上,方法简便易行.固定化酶的最适反应温度为50℃,相比于游离酶上升了10℃,且固定化酶提高了游离酶的热稳定性.固定化酶最适pH值为6.0,与游离酶相比上升了1.0,更耐碱.固定化酶对化学试剂稳定性增强,贮藏稳定性有显著提高.固定化酶优化了游离酶的部分酶学性质,具有一定应用价值.     

裂解多糖单加氧酶纳米花固定化研究

本文利用新型无机晶体复合物磷酸铜作为载体，对裂解多糖单加氧酶cx-LPMO-B进行固定化，研究其固定化过程的最适条件，并对游离酶及固定化酶的酶学性质进行对比。结果显示：在搅拌条件下，向含有裂解多糖单加氧酶pH=7.4 0.01 mol/L的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中滴加硫酸铜，可形成酶-磷酸铜纳米花，即cx-LPMO-B-NF;在25℃、14 h、酶含量为0.3 g/L条件下制备得到的cx-LPMO-B-NF活性最高，固定化酶重复使用6次后仍能保持60%以上的酶活；扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及透射电子显微镜(TEM)发现cx-LPMO-B-NF结构呈现分散均匀且单一的盛开花朵状；固定化酶最适反应pH=4.0,最适反应温度50℃。固定化酶重复使用性显著增强，花状结构增加了其表面积，更加有利于对游离酶的固定化，反应条件较温和使其具有较高的工业化应用前景。     

PGA在含环氧活性基的多孔高聚物载体上的固定化及修饰

研究了青霉素G酰化酶(PGA)在含环氧活性基的多孔高聚物载体上的固定化及修饰,优化固定化条件为1 mol/L,pH 8.0的磷酸钾缓冲体系,每克载体(湿重)投酶量为500~550 U,30℃下150 r/min固定化36~48 h,得到的固定化酶表观酶活为每克载体(湿重)177 U,表观酶活回收率35%。固定化酶经巯基乙醇修饰后提高了热稳定性。固定化酶水解青霉素G的最适pH为9.0,最适温度为47℃,在pH 4~9,40℃以下稳定。固定化酶的各项性能均优于游离酶。     

蒙脱石K-10吸附固定糖化酶研究

蒙脱石是一种优良的吸附剂,采用吸附法将其作为固定化糖化酶的载体研究固定化糖化酶的性质,结果表明:每克固定化酶的活力3 442 U;固定化酶的最适pH值是4.8,比游离酶的最适pH值增加了0.2;固定化酶反应的最适温度是60 ℃,比游离酶升高了5 ℃;固定化酶的半衰期为12 d;固定化酶的Km=14.3 g/L,为游离酶的1.47倍.     

固定化乳酸脱氢酶的催化性质研究

研究了固定化乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的制备和催化性质,讨论了戊二醛体积分数、酶的偶联时间、pH值对酶固定化的影响.对游离酶和固定化酶催化性质的研究结果表明:酶促反应最适pH分别为9.2和10.2,最适温度分别为51℃和50℃,米氏常数分别为16.2 mmol/L和0.7 mmol/L.与游离酶相比,固定化酶的活力稳定性更佳,有更好的贮存稳定性和复用性.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme     

WIMAX与WI-FI技术分析及联合组网

介绍了WiMAX与Wi-Fi两种无线宽带接入技术,并对两者之间的关系及相互之间的影响做了对比及分析,并对WiMAX的关键技术进行了详细说明,最后对两者的联合组网方式做了简单的探讨。