中国传统旅游审美观的形成与发展

中国传统旅游审美观的形成与发展大致经历了四个阶段即儒家的比德观，道家的天人合一观，魏晋文人爱山水的时尚，自唐以降人们对江山之助说的丰富与完善。孔子与庄子的意义在于发明，魏晋以后文人的意义在于发展，其合力形成了中国士大夫的一种共识：山水世界是人的现实生活与精神世界的重要组成部分，它有着特殊的价值与魅力，它既能产生美的愉悦，又具有不可替代的道德功能。在世界范围内，还没有哪一种文化如中国古代文化这样将人与自然界融合得如此亲近。在构成中国古代文化的诸因素中居于主流地位的或具有规范意义的文化是士大夫文化，正是士大夫文化对人与自然的契合的执着追求，使中国人最虔诚地接纳山水世界进入人生。     

再论现代性视野中的中国古代审美主义

在生活之外去寻求一种超然的美还是从生活当中去发掘实在的美，这是中国古代审美主义与审美现代性的一个分水岭。将审美理想视为人生理想的候补，即把美视为存在于世俗生活之外的更高贵的东西，这种从与生活疏离甚至对立的角度来张扬所谓纯粹美的观念，是中国古代审美主义思想的固疾。在现代性的视野中如若还不加区别地一味褒扬这种传统士大夫的审美观，并美之为弘扬中国传统文化，是值得反省的。     

文人画价值简论

中国古代文人画以古代文人“士大夫”为主体，推崇作品的文学性、娱乐性和神似观。随着时代更迭，文人士大夫的身份已经变得模糊，而文人画派那种返璞归真、摒弃华艳、大巧若拙、脱俗取真及作者必备多方面文化素养的独特体现，被职业画家与爱好者视为终身追求。文人画是一个没有固定成法、紧随时代风貌从而在中国绘画史中独树一帜的艺术典范。     

中国园林传统造园手法浅析

中国古典园林艺术表现出来的理念,实际上就是古代文人士大夫追求的一种"世外桃源"般的隐逸生活、是哲学和美学意义上超越世俗生活的体现。这种理念是以儒学和道家文化思想为土壤,从中国的文人阶层乃至文人化的官僚、宗教人士中产生并注入园林艺术的,是中国园林艺术的核心和文化灵魂。营造匠师和园艺匠师都在为贯彻实现这样的理念提供技术手段。综观古代一些造园家理论家的研究总结,中国古典园林造景的基本手法不外乎这么四点:因地制宜,顺应自然;以水为主,多重构建;有法无式,重在和谐;善于借景,引伸空间。     

浅论青铜礼器与中国青铜时代的政治文明

中国古代青铜文化不仅十分发达,而且其发展与当时社会的文化艺术、科学技术、政治、经济等社会生活的方方面面都密切相关。中国古代青铜器使用的突出特点是作为礼器在当时社会的政治生活中起着非常重要的作用。礼器是古代贵族身份和地位的重要标志,是贵族的专利。青铜礼器作为维护奴隶制宗法礼制社会的工具被当时的统治者神圣化了。这是中国古代青铜文化区别于其他国家青铜文化的显著特点,即与当时国家的政治生活息息相关。异常发达的青铜礼器折射出青铜时代的政治文明。     

从“构象”及“词意与文化构建”探讨中国古代女性诗人诗词翻译

中国古代女性诗词在意象选择、修辞及词的运用、节奏、声律与情感的表现，以及写作方式、主题表现方面都有其独特性。女性诗人擅“白描”、重“兴象”，通过运用比兴手法，在自然景物中寄托自己的情思，以达到情与景浑、意在言外。女子诗词中“物”、“景”、“情”占据了大量位置，并成为构象的三个要素，女子诗词往往通过这三者的“叠加”、“留白”，烘托气氛，以立体思维方式构建清晰的水墨画方式来映射欲表达的意义，并以此给读者想象空间；女子含蓄而温婉，内敛而情涌的内心世界通过兴象和用词而使其思想与语言浑然一体，从而构建男子占主导地位社会中女子的精神世界。因而女性诗人诗词翻译，必须要在文字转换过程中重视象的构造，重视词意及文化构建，才能得其要领和真谛。在女性诗词翻译中若能将东西方在构象功能上各自的优势结合起来，相辅相成，那么在译文中构建一个真实立体且周全的象，力争语言文化变了，文化内涵和象不变，则未必会是件难事。最后试图从“构象”及“词意与文化构建”两个方面尝试性探索中国古代女性诗人诗词翻译理论。     

古代士大夫出仕情结的现代意义

古代士大夫背负着建功立业的理想，他们把个体的自然生命与政治生命融为一体，带着崇高的使命感而孜孜以求、不懈探索，杀身成仁、舍生取义。深刻理解古代士大夫的出仕情结，对于现代知识分子构建积极健康的现代生命观具有重要的现实意义。     

论中国传统心理文化对心理健康的影响

在中国古代的哲学和常识心理学中，蕴藏着丰富多彩的心理学宝藏。其宝藏不仅是东方或亚洲传统心理学的重要组成部分，而且也是世界心理学的重要根源之一。中国本土的传统心理学不仅会加深理解我国文化中独具的心理生活，而且还会提供特殊的理论阐释和思考方式。因此，我们应该挖掘中国古代心理学宝藏，积极探讨传统心理文化对心理健康的影响，以弘扬中国传统文明，建立符合中国国情特点的中国化的心理健康理论体系。     

中国古代文化典籍的鉴赏与启示

中国古代文化典籍是中国历史文化的瑰宝，对其鉴赏，不仅是一种美的享受，更能从中得到有益的启示。这其中包括：通过阅读中国古代文化典籍认识中国历史的兴替发展及其规律，从古典文学体现的崇高爱国主义精神中受到熏陶，从古代文化典籍对大自然的描写中激发出对祖国锦绣河山的热爱。     

明清长篇家庭小说“情”之主题探析——家庭、家族文化视域下的明清小说解读系列论文之二

家庭是人类生活最基础、最主要的环境,也是文学思考生命、审视人性最为直接、透彻的视角。家庭就像是一个巨大的磁场,吸引着人类生活的诸多命题在这个直观的窗口里得到展示。明清时期出现的几部长篇家庭小说巨著对中国古代家庭文学及文化作了详致的记录,而其中对于"情"之主题的探讨尤为热衷:纷繁复杂的世俗人情、情欲与死亡的哲思命题以及男女间的至情至爱,"情"被丰富而多层次地予以解读,成为家庭小说描写中的独特风景。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.