川西獐牙菜多糖的提取及含量测定

对川西獐牙菜中多糖进行提取及含量测定;通过正交实验确定提取多糖的优化条件,用分光光度法测定多糖的含量;川西獐牙菜多糖提取的最佳条件是:料液比为1:10、提取时间为2.0h、提取次数为4次、温度90℃.并测得川西獐牙菜中多糖含量为41.60mg/g,回收率为99%,RSD=1.2%结论该方法简便,快速,准确,适用于药材中多糖的含量测定.     

大籽獐牙菜多糖提取工艺的研究

目的:确定大籽獐牙菜多糖的最佳提取工艺.方法:正交实验法.结果:水浴温度90℃、料液比为1:20(w/v)、提取2.5h、pH10.0为最佳提取条件.结论:碱提法的提取效果最好.     

HPLC法测定不同品种獐牙菜中齐墩果酸的含量

目的:比较不同獐牙菜中齐墩果酸的含量,为资源利用提供依据.方法:高效液相色谱法测定不同獐牙菜中的齐墩果酸含量,色谱条件:ZORBAX SB-C18(4.6mm×150mm,5μm色谱柱),流动相为甲醇-水(90:10),检测波长207nm,流速1.0ml·min-1,柱温为室温.结果:测定观赏獐牙菜中齐墩果酸的平均回收率为102.4%,重现性实验s为1.58%,符合定量分析要求.分别测定了6种獐牙菜中齐墩果酸的含量:观赏獐牙菜(S.decora)2.34mg/g,宾川獐牙菜(S.binchuanensis)2.43mg/g,丽江獐牙菜(S.delavayi)1.97mg/g,紫红獐牙(S.punicea)2.89mg/g,狭叶獐牙菜(S.anguslifolia)4.39mg/g,日本獐牙菜(S.japonica)3.69mg/g.结论:本次实验说明这些獐牙菜中都含有保肝成分齐墩果酸,且狭叶獐牙菜中的含量明显高于其它品种.     

紫红獐牙菜对戊巴比妥钠作用的影响

目的：研究紫红獐牙菜对阂下和阈上剂量的戊巴比妥钠的影响。方法：采用镇静、催眠实验观察紫红獐牙菜对阈下和阈上剂量的戊巴比妥钠的影响。结果：紫红獐牙菜对阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠镇静睡眠无协同作用（P〉0．05），但缩短阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠的睡眠时间（P〈0.01，0.001）。结论：紫红獐牙菜对戊巴比妥钠镇静睡眠无协同作用，且缩短睡眠时间，提示紫红獐牙菜没有中枢抑制作用。     

12种龙胆科植物胚胎学资料的聚类分析

本文在平均欧氏距离系数基础上，运用UPGMA法，对12种龙胆科植物胚胎学资料进行了Q型聚类分析，聚类结果如下：(1)在树系图上，12种龙胆科植物明显分为4大类，其中第一大类包括椭圆叶花锚和四数獐牙菜，双蝴蝶属的峨眉双蝴蝶和假龙胆属的黑边假龙胆则分别单独聚为第三、第四类，其它8种植物共聚为第二大类；(2)獐牙菜属的4个种在胚胎学性状上明显分化3支，其中抱茎獐牙菜、西南獐牙菜与喉毛花聚为1支，红直獐牙菜与湿生扁蕾另聚1支，四数獐牙菜与椭圆叶花锚聚为1大类：(3)龙胆属的3个种与抱茎獐牙菜、西南獐牙菜、红直獐牙菜以及喉毛花、湿生扁蕾等共聚为一大类，且存在一定的分化，东北龙胆和线叶龙胆关系密切，条纹龙胆与前两者差异较大．聚类分析结果支持将双蝴蝶属、扁蕾属以及喉毛花属作为属级处理的意见，同时认为扁蕾属、喉毛花属和花锚属在系统学上与獐牙菜属有着密切的联系，獐牙菜属在低等类群中分化出扁蕾属，在高等类群中分化出花锚属，在中等进化的类群中分化出喉毛花属，而扁蕾属则进一步分化出龙胆属．     

秦艽不同提取物中3种环烯醚萜苷的含量测定

测定陕西陇县和凤县地区10批秦艽药材水提取物和80%乙醇提取物中龙胆苦苷、落干酸、獐牙菜苦苷3种活性成分的含量。采用HPLC-ELSD法,Hedera C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇-0.5%乙酸为流动相,进行梯度洗脱分离检测。结果显示80%乙醇提取的提取物量高于水提取的提取物量,以及醇提取物中龙胆苦苷、落干酸、獐牙菜苦苷的含量都比水提取物中的含量高,并且提取物中这3种活性成分以龙胆苦苷含量最高,落干酸次之,獐牙菜苦苷含量较低。表明通过80%的乙醇对秦艽药材中化学成分提取的效果优于水提取。     

獐牙菜苦苷的衍生化研究

獐牙菜苦苷（Swertimarin）是龙胆科（Gentianaceae）獐牙菜属（Swertia L.）植物中的主要药用成分之一。大量研究表明獐牙菜苦苷具有多种药用活性,文章对从西南獐牙菜中分离得到的獐牙菜苦苷进行乙酰衍生化反应,采用现代分离分析技术,对产物进行分离和鉴定,确定主产物为：2＇＇,3＇＇,4＇＇,6＇＇-四乙酰基獐牙菜苦苷。     

川西獐牙菜甲醇提取物的气相色谱-质谱分析

研究川西獐牙菜甲醇提取物的成分组成．川西獐牙菜全草经甲醇浸泡，超声波震荡提取后用气相色谱．质谱联用技术进行化学成分的分离鉴定，结合计算机检索技术，鉴定它们的结构，应用色谱峰面积归-法测定各组分的质量百分含数．共分离出34个色谱峰，鉴定了其中的26个组分，占总含量的9r7．3％．主要组分为2，6，10，15，19，23-六甲基-2，6，10，14，18，22-二十四烷六烯27．2％，棕榈酸14．6％，十八烷基三烯12．1％，油酸6．2％，香豆酮5．4％等．分析鉴定结果可作为川西獐牙菜藏药材的初步定性依据．     

狭叶獐牙菜的生药学研究

目的：对狭叶獐牙菜进行系统的生药学研究。方法：采用性状鉴定，显微鉴定，理化鉴别。结果：详细描述了狭叶獐牙菜的生药性状、横切面构造、粉末特征及理化鉴别的研究结果。结论：所得结果可以为生药的鉴定，质量标准的制定及进一步开发利用狭叶獐牙菜提供依据。     

紫红獐牙菜对在体及离体肠肌的影响

目的：研究紫红獐牙菜对豚鼠离体肠肌及小鼠小肠推进功能的影响。方法：采用炭末推进法、离体标本运动实验法分析紫红獐牙菜对在体及离体肠肌的作用及可能的机理。结果：两个剂量组的紫红獐牙菜对乙酰多余胆碱及组胺引起的豚鼠离体肠肌痉挛均有显著的解痉作用（P〈0．05）；高剂量的紫红獐牙菜对小鼠小肠推进运动也有明显抑制作用（P〈0．05）。结论：紫红獐牙菜对动物在体及离体肠肌的收缩均有明显的抑制作用。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme     

WIMAX与WI-FI技术分析及联合组网

介绍了WiMAX与Wi-Fi两种无线宽带接入技术,并对两者之间的关系及相互之间的影响做了对比及分析,并对WiMAX的关键技术进行了详细说明,最后对两者的联合组网方式做了简单的探讨。