自润滑Ni-P-PTFE化学复合镀工艺及镀层性能

研究了Ni-P-PTFE(聚四氟乙烯)复合镀层的制备工艺,筛选出氟碳类阳离子表面活性剂FC4和非离子表面活性剂FC10，该混合表面活性剂使得粒子具有很好的分散性和悬浮性．在此基础上研究了不同PTFE含量对镀速及镀层性能的影响．结果表明，随着PTFE浓度提高，镀速下降，复合镀层中的粒子含量增加，镀层的硬度相应减小，其耐蚀性也有所下降．而PTFE粒子对Ni-P的晶化温度基本没有影响，摩擦磨损试验表明，该复合镀层与GCr15对磨其摩擦系数低至0．1，具有良好的自润滑效果，而且耐磨性也较Ni-P镀层好。     

化学镀Fe-Zn镀层的显微硬度实验研究

在制得Fe-Zn合金镀层的基础上,研究二元非晶态Fe-Zn合金的显微硬度随镀液中的ZnSO4/（ZnSO4＋FeSO4）的比值、热处理温度及镀层结构的变化关系。结果显示,随着镀层中Zn含量的增加,镀层的显微硬度先增加后减小,在ZnSO4/（ZnSO4＋FeSO4）比值为0.47时达到最大值。在热处理过程中,非晶态镀层在400℃开始晶化,此时镀层的显微硬度出现峰值。     

Ni-P-PTFE复合化学沉积的研究

研究了PTFE添加量及热处理温度对镀层性能的影响,研究结果表明:使用阳离子与非离子混合表面活性剂对PTFE微粒进行预处理,可提高PTFE在镀液中的润湿和分散能力,使之较易与镍离子一起共沉积;经高温热处理后的复合镀层的硬度及耐磨性有明显提高,且其耐磨性优于一般Ni-P镀层。X射线衍射实验结果证明:镀层硬度的提高是热处理使复合镀层晶化所致。     

化学镀Ni-Mo-P纳米晶镀层腐蚀性能研究

通过化学镀获得了混晶(非晶+微晶)和纳米晶态两种结构的Ni-Mo-P合金镀层,并将混晶态镀层进行晶化处理得到一种单相和一种双相的纳米晶镀层。通过阳极极化曲线分析了各镀层在5%H2SO4溶液的耐蚀性能并与Ni-P镀层进行对比,结果发现,镀态Ni-Mo-P纳米晶镀层的耐蚀性能优于镀态Ni-P纳米晶镀层;经退火处理后获得的两种纳米晶镀层的耐蚀性能比镀态混晶和纳米晶镀层均要好;同时还发现退火处理获得的Ni-Mo-P双相（Ni+Ni3P）纳米晶镀层与退火处理后获得的Ni-Mo-P单相(Ni)纳米晶镀层的耐蚀性能相当。     

化学镀Ni-Mo-P纳米晶镀层的耐蚀性能

通过化学镀获得了混晶(非晶+微晶)和纳米晶态两种结构的Ni-Mo-P合金镀层,并对混晶态镀层进行了不同的晶化处理,得到单相和双相的纳米晶镀层各一种.通过阳极极化曲线分析了各镀层在5%H2SO4溶液中的耐蚀性能,并与Ni-P镀层进行对比,发现镀态Ni-Mo-P纳米晶镀层的耐蚀性能优于镀态Ni-P纳米晶镀层,混晶镀层经退火处理后获得的两种纳米晶镀层的耐蚀性能均优于镀态混晶和纳米晶镀层,同时还发现退火处理获得的Ni-Mo-P双相(Ni+Ni3P)纳米晶镀层与退火处理后获得的Ni-Mo-P单相(Ni)纳米晶镀层的耐蚀性能相当.     

45#钢表面Ni-P-nano-SiC复合化学镀层的制备

在优化设计的化学镀基础镀液中通过添加不同含量的纳米SiC颗粒,研究在45#钢表面制备具有纳米SiC颗粒增强的复合镀层及形成机理.利用SEM,XRD和显微硬度计等方法对实验样品的组织结构、形貌、显微硬度及其镀层形成机理进行了研究,结果表明:实验制备的Ni-P,Ni-P-SiC镀层镀态时硬度分别为572 HV,649 HV,热处理后其表面硬度在400℃时达到最大值1 045 HV和1 341 HV.纳米SiC颗粒在镀液中不参与化学反应,只是与化学反应所产生的Ni和P共同沉积在镀层中起到了复合强化的作用.Ni-P-nano-SiC镀层的生长机理是按层状方式生长,生长方向垂直于钢基体表面.纳米SiC提...     

Ni-P-金刚石化学复合镀层的抗氧化性能

研究了Ni-P化学镀层和Ni-P金刚石化学复合镀层在不同温度下的抗氧化性能 .结果表明 ,经 6 0 0℃ ,1h热处理后两种镀层明显氧化 ,经 80 0℃ ,1h热处理后 ,氧化膜厚度达 5 μm左右 ,Ni-P镀层在 80 0℃下的氧化增重小于 70 0℃ ;Ni-P -金刚石复合镀层的抗氧化能力低于Ni -P镀层 ,其原因是复合粒子的加入降低了生成氧化膜的平整性     

酸性镀液铝合金表面沉积Ni-Mo-P三元合金非晶镀层

采用酸性化学镀液在铝合金表面沉积Ni-Mo-P三元合金非晶镀层。利用透射电镜(TEM)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)、能谱(EDS)等现代分析手段,对镀层显微结构进行了表征,探讨了钼酸钠浓度和热处理对镀层纳米压痕硬度的影响。结果表明,镀态下,化学镀Ni-Mo-P三元合金镀层为致密非晶态镀层,镀层中Mo元素分布均匀,镀层与基体结合良好。热处理可促使非晶镀层晶化,产生Ni和Ni3P晶相,获得了纳米压痕硬度为15.12 GPa的最大值。     

NdFeB磁性材料化学镀非晶态Ni—W—P合金及其相转变行为

采用化学镀方法在NdFeB磁性材料表面施镀非晶态Ni—W—P合金，利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）及X射线衍射仪对Ni—WP合金镀层的组织形貌、结构及其相转变行为进行了分析．结果表明，非晶态Ni—W—P合金镀层是由大量不同尺寸的颗粒状或胞状突起组成，随着热处理温度逐渐升高，镀层结构由非晶结构逐渐转变为晶态结构，非晶态Ni—W—P合金镀层的晶化转变温度范围为350～380℃．     

非晶态Cr-Fe-C合金镀层的研究

研究了从三价铬镀液中电沉积Cr—Fe—C镀层的工艺以及镀层的形貌、结构与性能，利用这种工艺获得了厚度30μm以上、ω（Fe）为27％左右的非晶态Cr—Fe—C合金镀层．结果表明，该镀层耐蚀性较好，且具有可热处理性，在600℃热处理1h后硬度最高可达1800HV，所以该镀层可以用于对高温耐磨性要求较高的场合．     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme     

WIMAX与WI-FI技术分析及联合组网

介绍了WiMAX与Wi-Fi两种无线宽带接入技术,并对两者之间的关系及相互之间的影响做了对比及分析,并对WiMAX的关键技术进行了详细说明,最后对两者的联合组网方式做了简单的探讨。