气相色谱—质谱联用技术分析藿香挥发油化学成分

以湛江市遂溪县产藿香为研究对象,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取藿香的挥发油成分,利用气相色谱—质谱联用技术结合程序升温保留指数进行定性分析,采用峰面积归一法进行定量分析.共分离出90种化学成分,鉴定了50种化合物,占挥发油总量的72.53%,主要成分有广霍香醇(24.88%)、δ-愈创木烯(16.05%)、α-广藿香烯(7.61%)、α-愈创木烯(7.36%)、丁香烯(3.63%)、β-广藿香烯(3.38%)、β-榄香烯(1.5%)和γ-丁香烯(1.0%).     

可可茶花香与可可乌龙茶挥发油成分比较研究

利用顶空固相微萃取法(Head Space-Solid phase microextraction,HS-SPME)提取了可可茶茶花和可可乌龙茶的挥发油成分,用气-质联用技术(GC-MS)对挥发油成分进行了分析,对比可可茶茶花和乌龙茶挥发油成分的异同。顶空固相微萃取法得到的可可茶茶花挥发油成分中大根香叶烯D(53.97%)、α-金合欢烯(16.07%)、沉香螺醇(3.96%)、十三-2-炔-环丙酯(3.30%)、δ-杜松烯(3.22%)、β-荜澄茄油烯(1.96%)、异香橙烯(1.73%)、1,5-二甲基-8-(1-甲基)乙烯基-1,5-环癸二烯(1.61%)、古巴烯(1.55%)9种物质的含量较高,其中七种烃类化合物占总挥发油成分的80.11%。顶空固微萃取法得到的可可乌龙茶挥发油成分中反-橙花叔醇(29.1%)、己酸叶醇酯(22.56%)、4-乙酰基-3-乙烯酸乙酯(10.21%)、芳樟醇(6.17%)、紫苏烯(5.97%)、α-金合欢烯(3.54%)、反-叶绿醇(2.11%)、己酸己酯(1.87%)、(3Z)-3-辛酸丁酯(1.74%)9种物质含量最高,其中3种醇类物质占总挥发油成分的37.38%,4种酯类物质占总挥发油成分的36.38%,2种烃类化合物占总挥发油成分的9.51%。可可茶茶花挥发油成分以烃类化合物和醇类居多,可可乌龙茶挥发油主要成分除此之外还有酯类,正是这三类化合物使得可可乌龙茶具有花香的气味。     

大叶紫珠的化学成分

采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、ODS等柱层析色谱技术,从大叶紫珠70%乙醇(体积分数)提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部位分离得到10个化合物.通过波谱分析并与文献数据对照方法,将其分别鉴定为7-O-乙基愈创木基甘油(1)、松柏醛(2)、胡萝卜苷(3)、3,12-O-β-D-二吡喃葡萄糖苷-11,16-二羟基松香醇-8,11,13-三烯(4)、2α,3α,19α-三羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(5)、2α,3α,19α,23-四羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(6)、2α,3β,23,29-四羟基-12-烯-28-齐墩果酸(7)、阿江榄仁树葡糖苷Ⅱ(8)、2α,3β,23,29-四羟基-12-烯-齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D葡萄糖苷(9)、悬钩子皂苷R1(10).其中,除化合物2和5外,其余均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

响应面法优化姜黄挥发油提取工艺及其化学成分研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取姜黄挥发油,利用Box-Benhnken中心组合试验和响应面分析法,确定了姜黄挥发油提取的最适工艺条件,即加水9.5倍,浸泡3h,加热回流5h,在此工艺条件下,姜黄挥发油实际得率为3.600 2%,预测值为3.638 8%.利用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)对优化工艺提取的挥发油进行分析.结果表明,共分离鉴定出39个组分,其相对含量占挥发油总量的93.49%,主要化合物为α-姜黄酮(26.43%)、α-姜烯(15.34%)、芳姜黄酮(11.82%)、β-倍半水芹烯(11.52%)、姜黄新酮(9.78%)和α-姜黄烯(3.44%)等.     

桂产新鲜马樱丹叶及花的香气成分的HS-SPME-GC-MS分析

以无需溶剂的简捷的顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱法分析了广西产新鲜马樱丹叶及花的挥发性香气成分.从叶的香气中分离出44个峰,鉴定出39种化合物,占香气成分总质量的98.83%.叶的挥发性香气主要成分及其质量分数为:橙花叔醇(16.77%),β-石竹烯(16.51%),α-姜黄烯(10.50%),α-长叶松烯(9.47%),β-榄香烯(8.85%),姜烯(7.91%),α-石竹烯(6.88%),α-香柠檬烯(3.61%),松油烯(3.04%).从花的香气中分离出50个色谱峰,鉴定出个43个成分,占香气成分总质量的98.54%.花的挥发性香气主要成分及其质量分数为:β-石竹烯(13.11%),β-榄香烯(12.55%),α-长叶松烯(11.84%),姜烯(10.48%),α-姜黄烯(9.63%),α-石竹烯(5.79%),橙花叔醇(5.28%),α-香柠檬烯(4.81%),α-松油烯(3.71%).     

黄连木树皮挥发油化学成分的GC-MS分析

采用超临界CO2流体萃取法从黄连木树皮中提取挥发油,利用GC-MS联用仪对挥发油的化学成分进行分析,共分离到9个化合物,占挥发油总量的96.236%。黄连木树皮挥发油主要成分是三环烯(0.475%)、α-蒎烯(15.589%)、莰烯(0.890%)、β-蒎烯(8.498%)、柠檬烯(0.321%)、马鞭烯醇(2.439%)、马鞭烯酮(2.085%)、棕榈酸(4.217%)、亚油酸(61.722%)。     

枇杷叶中三萜类成分的研究

采用色谱方法对枇杷叶成分进行分离纯化,并依据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果从枇杷叶乙醇提取物中分离到13个化合物,经鉴定为三萜和脂肪醇类物质,其中三萜：乌苏酸 (1)、蔷薇酸 (2)、齐墩果酸 (3)、2α, 19α-二羟基-3-羰基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸 (4)、2α, 3β, 13β-三羟基-11-烯-28-乌苏酸 (5)、2α-羟基白桦脂酸甲酯 (6)、科罗索酸甲酯 (7)、乌苏醇 (8)、科罗索酸 (9)、2α, 3α, 19α-三羟基-12-烯-28-齐墩果酸 (10) 、β-谷甾醇 (11)、2α, 3α, 19α, 23四羟基齐墩果酸 (12);脂肪醇：正二十一烷醇 (13)。化合物5、6、8、12和13是首次从枇杷属植物中分离得到。     

山胡椒不同部位挥发性化学成分分析

采用顶空固相微萃取法(HS-SPME)提取山胡椒的果实和花中的挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)分离鉴定了山胡椒果实和花的挥发性成分.结果表明:从山胡椒果实中鉴定出28种挥发性化合物,其中主要挥发化合物有顺式-α-蒎烯、(-)-蒎烯、莰烯、α-月桂烯、柠檬烯、(E)-柠檬醛、香茅醛等;从山胡椒花中鉴定出19种挥发性化合物,其中主要是桧烯、ɑ-月桂烯、松油醇、8-十七碳烯、桉油精等.将山胡椒果实和花中的挥发性化合物进行对比分析,以便于了解山胡椒果实和花中的挥发性成分存在的差别,以及花中独有主要成分的性质和用途.     

藜蒿挥发油化学成分研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取洞庭湖区野生藜蒿挥发油,用GC-MS法测定其化学成分和质量分数,其馏出物共鉴定出48种化合物,主要有:α-丁香烯(15.734%)、丁香烯(13.246%)、1-甲基-1-乙烯基-2-(1-甲基乙烯基)-4-(1-甲基亚乙烯基)-环己烷(9.511%)、(E)-7,11-二甲基-3-亚甲基-1,6,10-十二碳三烯(5.267%)、八氢-4a,8a-二甲基-7-(1-甲乙基)-1(2H)-萘酮(4.184%)、Z,E-2,13-十八碳二烯-1-醇(4.126%)、α-没药醇(2.950%)、(1S-内)-乙酸-1,7,7-三甲基双环[2.2.1]-2-己酯(2.845%)、吉马烯D(2.803%)等.     

青天葵石油醚部位的化学成分

本实验采用多种色谱手段及重结晶方法对青天葵石油醚部位的化学成分进行分离纯化,并根据波谱分析和理化常数等方法对化合物进行结构鉴定.共得到了10个化合物,分别为:β-谷甾醇(1)、豆甾醇(2)、6,9,10-三羟基-7E-烯十八烷酸(3)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(4)、豆甾-22-烯-3β,6β,9β-三醇(5)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6α-三醇(6)、3β-羟基豆甾-5,22-二烯-7-酮(7)、3β-羟基豆甾-5-烯-7-酮(8)、橙黄胡椒酰胺乙酸酯(9)、橙黄胡椒酰胺苯甲酸酯(10).其中化合物3、5～8、10为首次从青天葵植物中分离得到.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to