膳食纤维的保健作用及其新产品开发前景

对膳食纤维的功能、合理食用膳食纤维、常见食物中膳食纤维的含量以及国内外膳食纤维食品研究的动向进行了探讨.研究资料表明,不同食物膳食纤维含量不同;膳食纤维对人体健康具有特殊的生理功能,尤其在防治冠心病、胆结石、糖尿病、癌症等方面显示出明显的疗效;每人每天最适合的膳食纤维摄入量为20～25g,其来源为粗粮糙米、蔬菜、水果、藻类食物等.同时根据国内外研究动态,提出了今后的研究方向.     

关于魔芋膳食纤维营养价值及功能特性研究

调节血脂、品、医药、应用现状,魔芋膳食纤维是目前发现的最优良的可溶性膳食纤维之一,具有调节血压、调节血糖、减肥瘦身、润肠通便、增强免疫力和抗癌等保健功能。目前已被广泛应用于食品、保健化妆品、化工和生物等多个领域。本文综述了魔芋膳食纤维的营养价值、功能特性以及并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

不同膳食纤维饮食下大鼠粪便矿物元素的测定及其吸收特点

矿物元素是动物体的组成部分,对维持机体正常生理有着重要作用,矿物元素的吸收代谢与膳食纤维密切相关,为研究不同结构的膳食纤维对钾、钠、钙、镁吸收的影响,本文采用原子吸收光谱法对大鼠（Rattus norregius）粪便中的4种矿物元素进行检测,比较2种预处理方法对矿物元素的提取效果,以及7种膳食纤维对4种矿物元素肠道吸收的影响。结果表明,干法灰化-混酸消解更适合提取钙、镁元素,而酸法浸提适合提取钾、钠元素;膳食纤维对钙、镁元素吸收率的影响大于钾、钠元素,总体钙、镁吸收率显著低于钾、钠的吸收率;在钾的吸收率上,纤维素组和麦麸组显著高于木聚糖组、果胶组、菊粉组和魔芋组;在钠的吸收率上,纤维素组和果胶组显著低于其他各组;对于钙的吸收率,木聚糖组和魔芋组显著低于纤维素组和麦麸组;镁吸收率果胶组和魔芋组最低,麦麸组最高,差异具有显著性。不同膳食纤维对矿质代谢有不同的影响,与麦麸相比,木聚糖和魔芋降低钙的吸收,果胶降低钾、钠、镁的吸收,纤维素和麦麸对矿物元素吸收率总体大于其余膳食纤维。     

膳食纤维研究应注意的几个问题

国内外很多专家认为,功能性食品将是21世纪人类摄取的主要食品,而膳食纤维作为一种极其重要的功能性食品基料已成为本领域研究的热门课题。作者长期从事这方面的研究工作,发现目前国内在此领域研究中已出现一些很值得注意与重视的问题,特撰写此文与有关专家学者商榷。 1 对膳食纤维的真正含义应有全面的理解     

复配亲水胶对低脂白羽鸡肉丸硬度和感官品质的影响

利用魔芋精粉、黄原胶和卡拉胶等亲水胶体改善低脂鸡肉丸的硬度和感官品质,采用单因素筛选和正交试验设计,筛选复配亲水胶的最适添加量和复配比例.结果表明,魔芋精粉、黄原胶、卡拉胶三种亲水胶复配能够有效改善低脂白羽鸡肉丸产品的硬度和感官品质,其中魔芋精粉、黄原胶、卡拉胶的添加量分别为0.3%、0.3%、0.3%,添加比例为1∶1∶1时效果最佳.     

改革开放40 a来我国高校体育教学研究发展 及热点演进的文献计量学分析

通过文献计量学方法,对中国学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)收录的高校体育教学研究的相关文献进行分析,为今后相关研究提供参考.研究结果表明:改革开放40a来,我国高校体育教学研究领域的发展可归纳为3个阶段:第一阶段(1978—1998年)为起步探索阶段;第二阶段(1999—2008年)为高速发展阶段;第三阶段(2009—2018年)为低速调整阶段.40a来,在高校体育教学研究领域具有一批高水平的学者和研究机构,研究热点为6个方面:①高校体育教学改革研究;②高校体育教学模式研究;③高校体育教学与大学生体质的关系;④高校体育教学课程体系研究;⑤高校体育师资队伍建设;⑥高校体育俱乐部的发展.     

基于科学知识图谱的我国体力活动研究热点透视*

为了揭示我国体力活动研究热点与演化进程,把握我国体力活动研究领域的知识结构,利用CiteSpace软件对CNKI收录的核心期刊和CSSCI中有关体力活动的513条文献的文献年代分布、关键词等进行可视化分析;结论表明:2006年以后我国体力活动研究领域呈快速发展;研究热点主要集中在青少年体力活动、能量消耗、测量工具的信度检验、体力活动与体质健康、运用加速度计进行体力活动研究等;体力活动建成环境作为研究前沿,开始被学者们关注。     

老龄化对科技发展的影响研究路径及结果分析

人口老龄化问题及其对科技发展的影响日益成为世界各国关注的焦点,但缺乏从总体上把握研究态势的相关成果。本研究以Web of Science数据库收录的相关文献为研究数据,首先运用文献计量分析对其进行量化,分析其总量趋势与研究母国参与程度。其次,运用文本挖掘、聚类分析和内容分析方法,从研究主题与方法演变、影响路径对比等方面,关于人口老龄化对科技发展的影响路径进行了识别与分析。从识别出的研究主题分布提炼出"人口老龄化—技术创新—科技发展""人口老龄化—人力资本—科技发展""人口老龄化—养老支出—科技发展"三大核心影响路径。研究发现:人口老龄化与科技发展相关文献自2013年以来增长趋势明显;该领域的研究方法主要为定量分析;各国学者总体上存在人口老龄化对科技发展有负面影响的压倒性共识。在此基础上,对该领域的研究方向提出了建议。     

魔芋膳食纤维面包工艺的研究

研究了魔芋胶、黄原胶、蔗糖酯、酵母等因素对魔芋膳食纤维面包体积、包心色泽、纹理结构等面包品质的影响．通过单因素试验和多因素正交试验,得出了魔芋膳食纤维面包的最佳工艺参数：魔芋胶0．6％、黄原胶0．1％、蔗糖酯0．4％、酵母1．0％、醒发温度35℃、时间90min、烘烤时间25min．在此工艺下制作的面包,感官品质优良,色泽呈金黄色、组织蜂窝状、烤香浓郁、入口疏松．实验表明,添加魔芋胶有增大面包比容、改善面包外观、纹理结构的作用,将魔芋胶与乳化剂配合使用,制得的面包综合品质更好．     

基于知识图谱的国内外人工智能应用领域对比研究

近年来人工智能研究发展迅速,学科范围从计算机科学向脑科学、心理学等交叉学科和边缘学科扩展,受到相关领域学者的广泛关注.论文比较分析国内外人工智能领域的研究现状和前沿趋势,对科研人员进行相关研究具有重要借鉴意义.基于知识图谱的理念,以科学引文索引核心数据库及中国知网数据库作为数据来源,借助CiteSpace文献计量软件梳理 2010年—2018年发表在国内外期刊上的人工智能领域的文献,绘制科学知识图谱,并分别从年度分布、知识基础、研究热点及前沿等方面进行对比分析.结果表明,国内外人工智能领域研究均经历繁荣阶段、稳定发展阶段和新一轮发展阶段,目前国内外的研究内容虽各有侧重,但总体上在大数据、机器学习等方面的研究正在成为热点.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme     

WIMAX与WI-FI技术分析及联合组网

介绍了WiMAX与Wi-Fi两种无线宽带接入技术,并对两者之间的关系及相互之间的影响做了对比及分析,并对WiMAX的关键技术进行了详细说明,最后对两者的联合组网方式做了简单的探讨。