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1.
针对相机标定时难以建立精确的数学模型以及极限学习机(ELM)在隐层节点数少时逼近精度低的问题,提出了基于改进仿电磁学(EM)优化ELM的双目视觉相机标定方法。在标定过程中,采用极限学习机精确逼近图像坐标与世界坐标间的非线性关系,利用改进EM策略,包括使用自适应步长以及空间解收缩,优化ELM的输入权重和隐层偏置,提高ELM的收敛速度和泛化能力。实验结果表明,改进EM-ELM优化算法的收敛速度快于PSO的,且用更少的隐层节点数取得较高的标定精度。  相似文献   

2.
一种基于粒子群优化的极限学习机   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
极限学习机(ELM)是一种新型的前馈神经网络,相比于传统的单隐含层前馈神经网络(SLFN),ELM具有速度快、误差小的优点.由于随机给定输入权值和偏差,ELM通常需要较多隐含层节点才能达到理想精度.粒子群极限学习机算法为使用粒子群算法(particle swarm optimization,PSO)选择最优的输入权值矩阵和隐含层偏差,从而计算出输出权值矩阵.一维Sinc函数拟合实验表明,相比于ELM算法和传统神经网络算法,粒子群极限学习机算法依靠较少的隐含层节点能够获得较高精度.  相似文献   

3.
基于极限学习机(ELM)和粒子群优化(PSO)算法,建立一个新型排水管道结构性状况评价模型。采用PSO算法优化ELM中的输入权值矩阵和隐含层偏置,改善网络参数随机生成带来的分类精度偏低的问题。以上海市洋山保税港区排水管网为例,对分类器模型进行训练测试,并与ELM分类结果进行对比分析。结果表明,PSO-ELM算法以较少的隐含层神经元节点获得更高的分类精度,参数优化提高了模型拟合能力,对于城市排水管道结构性状况分类、判断具有可行性和有效性。  相似文献   

4.
在肺结节诊断方法研究中,传统机器学习诊断方法存在诊断性能不稳定的问题。为了提高孤立性肺结节的识别准确率,提出基于粒子群优化(particle swarm optimization,PSO)参数的极限学习机(extreme learning machine,ELM)辅助诊断方法。首先采用PSO选取ELM最佳的初始权重ω和偏置b;然后利用最佳参数ω和b对ELM进行训练;再利用PSO-ELM对通过稀疏自编码得到的肺结节特征进行分类识别。实验中,将传统机器学习算法与本文方法进行对比,结果表明,利用粒子群优化算法进行优化的极限学习机在孤立性肺结节诊断方面具有较高识别准确率和稳定的分类性能,可以作为一种有效的肺结节诊断工具。  相似文献   

5.
极限学习机(Extreme Learning Machine,ELM)是一种新型的前馈神经网络,该网络由广义逆直接求出输出层权重,使得其具有误差小、速度快的优点。但针对具体问题,ELM不能自动寻找到最佳的网络结构,从而造成该算法模型针对复杂、无规律性的数据精度及稳定性较差。为了提高极限学习机的泛化能力和预测精度,提出利用粒子群优化极限学习机算法对不同数据进行预测。使用粒子群算法(particle swarm optimization,PSO)选择最优的隐含层偏差和输入权值矩阵,计算出输出权值矩阵,从而提高ELM的精度及稳定性。并通过PSO-ELM和ELM分别对复杂程度不同的汽油辛烷值和交通流量数据进行算法预测比较发现,PSO-ELM优化算法对无规律性、复杂程度高的数据可以获得更高的精度,提高了数据预测的拟合能力。实验结果表明,PSO-ELM对于非线性、无规律性等复杂特性的数据预测具有一定的可行性和有效性。  相似文献   

6.
光伏发电功率受自然环境因素影响较大,具有很强的随机性和波动性,准确及时的光伏发电功率预测对电网的调度运行具有重要的意义.提出了一种基于PSO与ELM组合算法的短期光伏发电功率预测模型.该模型通过调整粒子群优化算法(particle swarm optimization,PSO)不同阶段的寻优重点,为极限学习机(extreme learning machine,ELM)设定出了最佳网络参数,避免了ELM随机产生输入层权值和隐含层阈值造成的网络不稳定问题.同时结合传统神经网络和ELM网络隐含层节点选取原则为组合模型,设定了最佳隐含层节点数,提高了模型预测精度.实际算例验证了组合算法模型能够有效提高短期光伏发电功率预测的预测精度.  相似文献   

7.
针对极限学习机隐含层神经元个数选取的问题,提出以粒子群优化算法搜索最佳隐含层神经元个数,用极限学习机模型的测试准确率作为粒子群优化算法适应值的方法(PSO-ELM)。基于手写数字数据集digits分别对比了随机设置隐含层神经元个数的极限学习机、用粒子群算法优化的极限学习机输入权重和隐层偏置的极限学习机(PSO-ELM)、传统的BP算法以及SVM算法对手写数字的识别率,对比结果表明,粒子群优化算法得到的隐含层神经元个数在极限学习机中拥有较高的准确率。  相似文献   

8.
针对网络入侵检测准确率低、误报率高的问题,本文提出了一种基于粒子群优化和极限学习机的入侵检测算法。粒子群优化算法(PSO)是一种群智能算法,核极限学习机(KELM)是一种学习速度快、泛化能力强的经典核机器学习的方法,但是极限学习机对核函数及参数的选择直接影响它的分类性能。本文算法中利用粒子群算法优化核极限学习机的核参数,采用学习能力强且线性组合泛化能力强的全局性核函数,形成了多核极限学习机,可以有效提高单核极限学习机(ELM)分类器的性能。最后通过实验对算法性能做了对比分析,实验结果验证了本文算法的有效性。  相似文献   

9.
由于随机给定输入权值和偏差,极限学习机(extreme learning machine,ELM)通常需要较多隐含层节点才能达到理想精度.结合粒子群算法具有全局搜索能力的优势,提出一种基于改进ELM算法的纱线质量预测模型,采用改进粒子群算法优化ELM算法的输入权值矩阵和隐含层偏差,计算出输出权值矩阵,以减少隐含层节点数.试验结果表明,相比于ELM算法,改进ELM算法能够依靠更少的隐含层节点获得更高精度,相对误差降低2.70%,可为纱线质量预测与控制提供更有效的工具,具有广泛的推广实用性.  相似文献   

10.
针对极速学习机(ELM)性能过分依赖于隐层节点稠密的单隐层前馈神经网络(SLFN)问题,提出了适用于多类分类的精简型ELM,即SVM-ELM(基于支持向量机优化的ELM).该方法大幅削减隐层节点数为类别数,同时通过SVM技术优化每个节点的线性决策函数,显著提高单个节点的决策水平,为ELM的宏观决策提供有利条件.在HCL2000,MNIST和USPS等公共数据集上的实验表明:该方法能够减少节点数目而不损害学习精度,当类别数为10时,基于SVM-ELM方法构造的10节点SLFN泛化性能即可超越基于原始ELM方法构造的包含成千上万个隐层节点SLFN的泛化性能.  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

14.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

15.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

16.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

17.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

18.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

19.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

20.
1 Rise of studies on climate change's effects on biodiversity
Until the 1980s, climate change and biodiversity were studied as two independent disciplines for more than a century. In 1992, the Ecological Society of America's annual report named climate change, biodiversity, and the sustainable ecological system as the three major global environmental issues of the twenty-first century [1].  相似文献   

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