一种巡检机器人智能路径规划方法

提出了一种在栅格地图上使用参数可调势场法进行避障的巡检机器人智能路径规划方法.地图采用Hector SLAM算法建立,然后在全局范围内指定目标点并使用变粒度栅格法进行全局路径规划.遇到障碍物时,则在局部小范围内使用参数可调的人工势场法来进行局部路径规划和避障.该方法能有效地提高全局路径规划的效率以及局部避障的准确性,实验验证了该方法的快速性与有效性.     

基于混合人工势场-蚁群算法的机器人避障

针对移动机器人避障的路径规划问题,提出一种基于混合人工势场-蚁群算法的方法。在栅格环境中,以人工势场法的规划信息作为蚁群算法寻优的基础,引入势场合力作为蚂蚁搜索路径点的部分启发信息。Mat-lab7.6仿真表明,该方法解决了人工势场法的目标不可达、易陷入极值点等弊端,提高了经典蚁群算法的寻优效果和收敛速率,具有更强的稳定性和环境适应力。     

基于势场蚁群算法的机器人全局路径规划

研究了智能移动机器人的全局路径规划算法改进问题.结合蚁群算法的全局性与人工势场的确定性优势,提出一种势场蚁群算法.即在基本蚁群算法迭代初期,通过人工势场法影响蚂蚁的信息素量,从而提升寻找最优路径的效率.基于栅格模型,设计了算法的执行步骤.此外,分析了不同的信息素启发因子和信息素挥发系数对算法路径长度、迭代次数和收敛速度的影响.最后仿真验证了该算法优于基本蚁群算法,也得出了信息素启发因子参数选择的合理范围.     

基于改进势场蚁群算法的AGV路径规划

针对传统蚁群算法用于路径规划问题时易出现初期搜索盲目性以及易陷入局部最优的问题,本文提出一种改进的势场蚁群算法.首先将人工势场算法融合到蚁群算法中,通过障碍物和目标点产生的势场合力作为部分启发信息,减小路径搜索初期的盲目性,从而加快算法的收敛性;然后对算法中的路径选择策略进行了分析和优化,通过设置临时禁忌表排除部分栅格、提高算法速度;最后通过仿真验证了该算法性能优于基本蚁群算法.     

改进自适应遗传算法在移动机器人路径规划中的应用

为了克服基本遗传算法在求解移动机器人路径规划问题中存在的收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优等不足,该文提出了一种改进的自适应遗传算法。采用人工势场法对种群进行初始化,设计了自适应交叉和变异概率。同时,采用混合选择方式改善了基本遗传算法收敛速度慢和早熟的现象,提高了算法的进化效率。栅格环境下的仿真实验证明了该文算法在移动机器人路径规划中的可行性和有效性。     

基于广义势场的多机器人避碰算法

针对目前多机器人避碰算法存在的计算复杂、缺乏普适性等的局限性,以传统人工势场法为基础,将协商和意愿引入人工势场范畴,提出了多机器人系统运动规划的广义势场算法.该算法以物理空间障碍为基础构造排斥势场,以意愿为基础构造吸引势场,并通过排斥势场与吸引势场的拓扑积构成人工势场.在人工势场中,通过对势场中微团运动趋势的求解就可得出所需的路径规划.实验证明,该算法不仅具有人工势场法系统模型构造简单、能够进行最优路径规划的优势,而且在系统运行过程中有效地避免了系统死锁的发生.     

基于A星算法与人工势场法的无人机路径规划

为简化无人机飞行路径规划算法并提高其避障效果,本文提出一种人工势场法和A星算法相结合的路径规划算法:以人工势场法指导全局路径规划,通过引力场控制无人机的飞行方向;以A星算法指导局部路径规划,避让大型障碍物.仿真试验证明,该算法与人工势场法和A星算法相比,提高了避障效果,缩短了搜索时间.     

基于PSO的人工势场法在移动机器人路径规划中的应用

针对栅格法环境模型下PSO算法的结果是一组离散的粒子,需要通过某种准则把离散的粒子变换为连续路径的问题,提出了一种利用人工势场法把PSO规划的结果自行变换成连续路径的新方法。为了避免人工势场使机器人在障碍物附近产生震荡,采用均值滤波的方法,规划出一条平滑最优路径。仿真结果表明:该算法能比较容易地得到最优路径,有效地避免路径的震荡现象,同时也可以在变化的环境中寻找一条路径。     

采用分区场能切换法的路径规划

为解决改进人工势场法应用中出现的路径规划失败问题,提出了分区场能切换法,其包括地图标定和算法设计.先对地图中的障碍物按不同的形状进行分类标定,然后设定最小单元,设立绝对防御区和缓冲区.在不同的区域基于改进人工势场法重新设计算法,使机器人在绝对防御区只受斥力,在缓冲区受到斥力和引力,在缓冲区外只受引力,从而保证机器人往目标运动的过程中能快速靠近并成功避开障碍物.通过Matlab仿真实验,在标定好的地图中分别采用改进人工势场法和分区场能切换法,证明了所提方法的可靠性.     

基于改进遗传算法的移动机器人路径规划的研究

为改进标准遗传算法在路径规划问题中存在的初始种群可行性问题、标准遗传算子在路径规划问题上的局限性问题,文中提出了一种改进的遗传算法。首先,将环境地图转换为栅格地图,在初始种群的生成过程中加入偏移机制;然后,把人工势场算法和偏移机制分别引入交叉算子和变异算子中;最后采用动态参数的方法控制算法的遗传参数,通过改进的遗传算法对地图模型进行仿真及其求解。根据实验结果,充分验证了本文算法的有效性和实用性。实验结果明确证明了改进的算法可以很好地解决路径规划问题,为机器人的路径规划提供了一定的指导作用。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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