TiSiW12O40/TiO2催化合成肉桂酸甲酯

采用高压微波辐射技术，以固载杂多酸盐TiSiW12O40／TiO2为多相催化剂，通过甲醇和肉桂酸反应合成肉桂酸甲酯。实验结果表明，TiSiW12O40／TiO2是合成肉桂酸甲酯的良好催化剂，最佳反应条件为：n(醇)：n(酸)=5：1，催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的2．0％，微波功率729W，辐射时间3min．产品平均收率97．4％。     

硫酸氢钠催化合成肉桂酸乙酯

应用一水硫酸氢钠催化乙醇与肉桂酸的酯化反应，合成了肉桂酸乙酯。研究结果表明，硫酸氢钠具有较高的催化活性。考察了肉桂酸／乙醇摩尔比、催化剂用量及反应时间对酯产率的影响。在典型反应条件（肉桂酸／乙醇／硫酸氢钠的摩尔比＝1：19：0．51，回流3h)下，所得肉桂酸乙酯的产率为97．1％。该催化剂易于回收且可重复使用。     

微波对Fenton试剂降解苯酚反应活化能的影响

研究了在微波场条件下Fenton试剂降解含酚废水的反应．分别在常规和微波场条件下进行反应，测定了反应动力学曲线，发现在常规条件下和微波条件下，反应动力学曲线可分成两个阶段，第一阶段为二级反应，第二阶段为一级反应；讨论了温度、微波功率对总有机碳（TOC）去除率的影响，估算了反应活化能．实验结果表明：微波辐射可提高Fenton试剂降解苯酚的反应速率和TOC去除率，降低反应活化能；当微波功率分别为100、200和600W时，在反应的第一阶段，苯酚降解反应活化能分别为9．833、9．139和8．579kJ／mol，在第二阶段分别为28．245、27．560和26．710kJ／mol，低于常规条件下相应阶段的苯酚降解反应的活化能（第一阶段为10．782kJ／mol，第二阶段为30．294kJ／mol），且反应活化能随着微波强度的增大而减小．     

微波辐射KF/K2CO3催化合成肉桂酸

通过对KF／K2CO3催化合成肉桂酸反应的研究，发现在该反应中，KF／K2CO3催化性能较好。用微波处理后使用效果更佳．当反应温度为160℃，m（KF）：m（K=CO3）=1：2，n（苯甲醛）：n（乙酸酐）：n（KF／K2CO3）=1：3：1．45，KF／K2CO3用微波处理2min，肉桂酸产率高达85．5％．     

微波辐照对酯化反应的作用机理

通过乙二醇单乙醇和醋酸的酯化反应，研究了微波辐照对酯化反应的作用机理．利用微波辐照与常规加热两种方法，对介质回流温度前后两个阶段反应的结果作了对比，从而得出微波对酯化反应有明显的加速作用，其加速作用实质是提高反应介质的升温速率．在实验条件下，微波提供给反应体系的能量是热能．     

微波辅助催化合成肉桂酸环己酯工艺的研究

以肉桂酸和环己醇为原料,微波辅助催化合成肉桂酸环己酯。通过单因素实验和正交试验考察了催化剂种类、催化剂用量、肉桂酸与环己醇物质的量比、微波功率、微波时间对肉桂酸环己酯产率的影响。实验结果表明,合成肉桂酸环己酯最佳条件为:肉桂酸与环己醇物质的量比1∶4,以硫酸氢钠为催化剂,其用量为0.5 g,微波功率为600 W,微波时间为15 min,肉桂酸环己酯产率可达到96.5%。该工艺操作简单,反应条件温和,节约时间,产品纯度高,是一种高效环保的合成工艺。     

微波辐射下肉桂酸苄酯的相转移催化合成研究

以肉桂酸钠和氯化苄为原料 ,二乙胺作催化剂 ,采用微波辐射技术 ,在常压下直接合成了肉桂酸苄酯 .讨论了催化剂用量、微波辐射功率和辐射时间对酯产率的影响 .实验结果表明 ,最适宜的反应条件为 :当n肉桂酸钠∶n氯化苄 =1∶3 4时 ,二乙胺的用量 1 0mL ,微波功率 4 5 0W ,辐射 12min ,产率达 85 3%以上 .     

微波辐射硫酸钛催化合成肉桂酸甲酯

采用微波常压法,以硫酸钛为催化剂,由肉桂酸与甲醇酯化合成肉桂酸甲酯。实验表明最佳反应条件为:0.02mol肉桂酸、0.25mol甲醇和反应物料总质量3.2%的硫酸钛,微波功率640w,辐射25m in,肉桂酸甲酯的产率达91.2%.     

蕉皮酚酶催化反应的抑制动力学及机理研究

为防止果蔬褐变需抑制多酚氧化酶的活性。本文用新方法从香蕉皮中提取出多酚氧化酶，用氧电极测出酶催化反应的最佳条件是ｐＨ值为７，温度为２５℃；测定反应活化能等于２３．６ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ－１，米氏常数为１．５８×１０－２ｍｏｌＬ－１。研究了九种抑制剂对酶活性的抑制效果，并进一步研究了肉桂酸抑制剂的抑制动力学及机理，得出肉桂酸为竞争性抑制。用原子吸收光谱测出蕉皮酚酶中含有铜离子，并探讨了铜离子的作用。     

肉桂酸苄酯的合成新工艺

用肉桂酸与氯化苄在二甲基亚砜（DMSO）溶剂中直接反应制得肉桂酸苄酯。对反应条件进行了研究，实验结果表明：配料比为0．04：0．064(摩尔比)，溶剂DMSO用量为20mL，反应时间为3h，产率80．6%，还讨论了肉桂酸苄酯作为防晒剂的可行性。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme     

WIMAX与WI-FI技术分析及联合组网

介绍了WiMAX与Wi-Fi两种无线宽带接入技术,并对两者之间的关系及相互之间的影响做了对比及分析,并对WiMAX的关键技术进行了详细说明,最后对两者的联合组网方式做了简单的探讨。