南海准被动陆缘深水油气与水合物共生意义

南海北部准被动陆缘深水区处在欧亚、印-澳和太平洋-菲律宾三大板块相互作用之特殊大地构造位置,具有被动大陆边缘拉张裂陷的基本属性和典型断拗双层或三层盆地结构及沉积充填特征,与相邻的北部陆架浅水区一样具备基本油气成藏地质条件。南海北部准被动陆缘深水盆地油气运聚成藏地质条件与世界典型被动陆缘盆地深水油气富集区基本类似,但亦存在一定的差异和特殊性。南海北部深水油气运聚成藏及其空间分布与天然气水合物具有纵向上的共生组合关系及烃源供给上的成因联系,其油气地质意义在于其浅层油气及海底水合物显示可以指示深部油气藏的存在或作为深部油气藏勘探的指向和示踪,而这种空间上的共生叠置关系,亦拓宽了资源勘探领域,扩大了其资源规模及潜力。     

南海北部天然气水合物气源系统与成藏模式

天然气水合物成矿成藏条件与油气成藏条件虽然存在差异,但亦存在共同之处,即均需要有充足烃源供给及烃源供给系统输送与有利聚集场所的时空耦合配置。为了深入研究天然气水合物与常规油气运聚成藏条件之差异,根据南海北部陆坡深水区构造沉积演化特点及油气地质条件与多年来油气及水合物勘探成果,综合剖析了油气及天然气水合物气源构成特点与流体运聚输导系统特征,同时根据地质地球物理及地球化学分析,初步研究了气源供给运聚通道系统类型与高压低温天然气水合物稳定带的时空耦合配置关系,并结合油气地质及天然气水合物成矿成藏基本地质条件,总结和建立了南海北部陆坡深水区“生物气源自生自储扩散运聚型”、“热解气源断层裂隙输导下生上储运移渗漏型”和“热解气源底辟及气烟囱输导下生上储运移渗漏型”等3种成因类型的天然气水合物成矿成藏模式,以期能为南海北部深水区天然气水合物资源预测及有利勘查目标评价优选等提供决策依据与指导。     

南海北部边缘区域地质与油气运聚成藏规律

南海北部边缘盆地处于欧亚、印度-澳大利亚及太平洋三大板块相互作用的特殊构造位置,区域地质背景及地球动力学条件复杂,油气地质现象丰富多彩,不同大陆边缘区域地质背景及构造     

南海北部陆坡地形特征及其影响因素研究

南海北部陆坡位于南海北部大陆边缘,地质构造活动丰富,是大陆和深海进行物质和能量交换的重要过渡区。研究北部陆坡区复杂的地形地貌,有助于深化对南海北部陆缘海底地质活动与环境变化的认识,并为资源勘探与工程建设提供基础地质信息支撑。本研究基于全球水深地形图（General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans,GEBCO）数据及实测多波束数据,对南海北部陆坡的地形地貌进行研究,识别出不同的地貌类型,并探讨其形成和发展的控制因素。研究表明,南海北部陆坡发育有海台、海山、海丘、海槽、海底峡谷以及冷泉地貌类型。南海北部陆坡地形地貌的发育和演化主要受控于构造活动及火山活动,而外动力地质作用如沉积输运、海平面变化及甲烷流体的活动等,都对研究区的地形地貌做了进一步的改造,使之更加复杂。     

南海北部深水油气新认识

 南海北部陆缘深水区由于陆缘地壳的强烈伸展减薄，形成了多个宽深断陷所构成的盆地群，发育多种类型烃源岩和大型储集砂体。大型盆地、广泛分布的多类型烃源岩、高-变地温场的耦合共控，奠定了深水油气资源的物质基础。大型供给水系、构造地貌、相对海平面升降的相互作用，形成3种类型的沉积体系，控制了深水区大型储集体的发育和展布，但高热流加速了深水沉积物压实和成岩作用。南海北部陆缘深水油气勘探前景广阔，烃源岩、有效储层以及热流3因素的复杂多变，决定了油气勘探中机遇与挑战并存。     

贺西地区侏罗系油气地质特征与勘探前景

从分析贺西地区板块发展演化入手,剖析了该区侏罗系的油气地质背景,指出印支末期该区形成的3个规模较大的沉降带具有形成油气田的地质条件。该区侏罗系烃源岩厚度较大,油气资源丰富,具有较好的油气储集与封盖条件,侏罗系是本区油气勘探的重要领域。最后预测了该区的油气勘探前景。     

哈萨克斯坦滨里海盆地F区块盐下油气成藏模式及勘探潜力

滨里海盆地盐下层系油气成藏地质条件复杂,发育不同类型圈闭和油气藏。为指明有利勘探目标,本文充分利用、钻井、岩心、测井、三维地震及区域地质资料,对滨里海盆地北部F区块盐下油气藏基本地质特征和成藏模式进行了剖析,认为区块内盐下层系主要发育2套优质烃源岩,5套储集性能良好的碳酸盐岩储集层及4种圈闭类型。在此基础上,结合周边已发现油田的地质背景,探讨了盐下层系油气成藏模式,指出了重点勘探区域及勘探层系。研究表明,F区块盐下油气藏主要分布在发育碳酸盐岩储层的有利相带,位于主要油气运移通道,其上覆盖层为区域分布的盐层,具备形成大型盐下油气藏的石油地质条件,勘探潜力大。     

周口拗陷油气地质特征

目的 周口拗陷是由多个次级凹陷、多套烃源岩层、多套目的层系组成的一个复式拗陷，认识其地质特征对油气勘探意义重大。方法 运用地震资料解释、地震地质综合研究、层序地层、圈闭评价等方法，对生、储、盖、圈、运、保等基本石油地质条件进行了分析。结果 认为该区油气资源丰富，有4个主要圈闭形成期和油气运移期，形成3种油气聚集类型；综合评价指出谭庄-沈丘凹陷、倪丘集凹陷为Ⅰ类勘探有利区，舞阳、襄城、鹿邑凹陷为Ⅱ类勘探有利区。结论 周口凹陷的油气勘探，应围绕该有利地区进行深入研究。     

热点排行

正(新闻时段2014-09-11至2014-09-20)1中国海域发现首个自营深水高产大气田[核心媒体报道频次:21/30]15日,,"海洋石油981"钻井平台在南海北部琼东南盆地深水区的陵水17-2构造测试获得高产油气流,日产天然气160万m3,即9400桶油当量。这是我国海域自营深水勘探的首个重大油气发现,标志着我国已基本掌握自主勘探开发深水油气资源的全套能力。     

南海北部超深水区兴宁凹陷古近纪沉积充填特征

探讨南海北部兴宁凹陷古近纪沉积充填特征,为超深水油气勘探提供基础地质依据。结合邻区研究成果,通过系统的地震层序地层学和地震相等综合分析,表明兴宁凹陷古近系文昌组、恩平组和珠海组之间均为不整合接触;古近系共识别出12个Ⅲ级层序。文昌组、恩平组为陆相湖盆沉积,具有缓坡带三角洲发育、缓坡浅水区滨浅湖发育、陡坡带扇三角洲发育及凹陷中心部位半深湖-深湖发育的特点;珠海组则为浅海三角洲沉积。总体的海侵沉积过程形成了恩平组湖相泥岩烃源岩与文昌组和珠海组砂岩储层的时空组合,指示研究区具有一定的油气勘探潜力。     

新生代早期南海北部水系演变

 珠江在早渐新世仅是涉及华南沿海地区的小河；到晚渐新世，向西延伸到云贵高原前缘地带；到中新世，现代珠江流域格局初步形成。证据显示，南海北部还发育过一条源自南海西部隆起区的大型水系-昆莺琼古河，后淹没在南海之中，但在南海的沉积充填过程中扮演了重要角色。南海北部水系及沉积环境的重建，对于深刻认识南海新生代早期古地理特征以及该地区的油气勘探均具有重要意义。     

柴达木盆地断裂特征与油气区带成藏规律

由于基底断裂、基底岩性及局部应力环境的差异,柴达木盆地在地史演化中形成了北缘、中部和昆北三大各具特征的断裂构造系统,它们控制了北缘、一里坪—甘森湖、中部区、中南隆起区、英雄岭—茫崖、阿尔金南和昆北共七个成藏特征各不相同的油气区带,各断裂构造系统中的断裂还控制了各区带具体油气藏的形成。中南隆起区是七个油气区带中乞今唯一没有油气藏发现的构造单元,它具有较好的油气运聚成藏条件,是柴达木盆地油气勘探的重要战略突破区带。     

Characteristics of hydrocarbon accumulation and exploration potential of the northern South China Sea deepwater basins

Although the huge potential of the northern South China Sea deepwater basins has been proven by a series of discoveries that followed the exploration breakthrough of well LW 3-1-1, recent drilling and other studies have demonstrated the uniqueness and complicated nature of hydrocarbon accumulations of the deepwater basins there. Based on a review of previous work and the latest exploration activities and studies, the purpose of this paper is to discuss the critical controls for hydrocarbon accumulations in the deepwater basins of the northern South China Sea. A terrestrial-marine transitional coal-bearing source rock is proposed to be the primary source rock for the deepwater basins. A marine source rock, which was first identified as contributing to hydro-carbon generation in this region, probably plays a significant role in the deep-and ultra-deep water basins south to the Pearl River Mouth and Qingdongnan basins. The shelf margin delta depositional systems in the Baiyun Sag, sourced from the Pearl River, are currently primary exploration targets in the deepwater part of the Pearl River Mouth Basin, whereas the western Red River delta-ic-submarine fan depositional systems, initially proven by drilling, are the possible major exploration reservoirs in the Qing-dongnan deepwater areas. Current deepwater exploration targets at the large-sized structural traps and deep and ultra-deep areas in the south of the Pearl River Mouth and Qingdongnan basins will be the future exploration focus. Deepwater exploration activities and relevant fundamental studies, supporting and promoting each other, are of great importance to the national energy supply of China, the basic regional studies of the South China Sea, advancements in technology, and development of related deepwater industries, and will safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity.     

Deepwater oil and gas field development in South China Sea

This paper focuses on potential development models of future oil and gas exploration in South China Sea. A detailed study of current development models worldwide is performed through some examples of industry installed/ongoing projects and major technical issues encountered during these practice. Key technologies are discussed for the success of field development. Some of the technologies and field development experience can be used for South China Sea project. Several models are studied in field development for different scenarios,including marginal field,large oil field and gas field. With the massive investment activities,continued improved technologies,and rapidly growing pool of professionals,the offshore industry in China will soon encounter a golden period.     

南海珠江深水扇系统的沉积构造背景分析

从深水扇系统的观点出发,主要基于对最近所采集的穿越整个白云凹陷的700余公里长电缆深反射(深达14 s)地震资料综合解释,结合南海大洋钻探的成果,对南海珠江深水扇系统沉积的构造背景特征进行了综合分析.研究发现:白云主凹在早中新世-中中新世期间(即大约距今25～10 Ma)是一个因坳陷期盆地基底的持续沉降及其相关断裂活动而形成的南海北部陆缘上的斜坡内盆地;白云主凹这个"斜坡内盆地"有别于世界上其它位于被动大陆边缘背景中(如西非近海、巴西近海、墨西哥湾)的斜坡内盆地;海平面变化、沉积物通量变化、构造活动等地质营力都在斜坡内盆地的构造背景上对南海珠江深水扇系统在不同时期产生了不同程度的重要影响.简言之,斜坡内盆地成就了南海珠江深水扇系统.这为以后进一步全面深入研究南海珠江深水扇系统的形成机制、演化过程、结构特征等有着重要意义.     

Episodic rifting of continental marginal basins and tectonic events since 10 Ma in the South China Sea

Integrated study on the tectonic, basin filling and thermal evolution of the Tertiary basins on the northern margin of the South China Sea has indicated that the rift continental margin on the northern South China Sea is not a passive margin and that the western margin is characteristic of the transform-extension. Episodic rifting and the thermal events since 10 Ma in the area have been documented by the integrated analysis of dynamic process. It has been clarified that the tectono-thermal events have exerted a significant influence on basin features and hydrocarbon accumulation, and particularly, the westward collision of the Lusong Island Arc, the generation of densely spaced faults in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, the rapid subsidence, high heat flow and large-scale over pressure and thermal-fluid breakthrough in the Yinggehai and the Qiongdongnan basins have proved to be the important factors determining the formation of oil and gas in these basins.     

海洋油气勘探中电磁法频率域2.5维正演研究

以南海某海盆为背景,根据地震资料圈定靶区,用2.5维频率域正演程序进行数值模拟,用距海底150 m的水平电偶极子源激发0.01~1 Hz的低频电磁波,海底沉积层的异常区域填充海水、油和气等不同电阻率介质,采用沉底式观测装置观察其沿偶极方向的电场响应。结果表明,海洋2.5维频率域电磁法可以较为清晰地区分海底油气和水等高阻异常,将不同发射频率的电场响应等值线图叠放在一起,可以确定在一定电阻率假设下,分辨率最好的发射频率。与三维电磁法和一维电磁法相比较,2.5维正演在有效性和效率方面都有较大的优势,可为以后实际海洋油气勘探工程实践提供技术指导和设计参考。     

Geochemical characteristics of pore water in shallow sediments from Shenhu area of South China Sea and their significance for gas hydrate occurrence

The Shenhu area is one of the promise target areas for marine gas hydrate exploration in the northern margin of the South China Sea.Pore water samples were collected from two piston cores (8.75 and 8.52 m) in site HS-A and site HS-B in the Shenhu area,and their major anion and cation contents and trace element contents have been analyzed in this study.Cl- concentrations in pore waters are similar to the seawater value and no systematic change along depth profiles has been found for the Cl- content in both s...