复合快渗系统处理生活污水的模拟试验研究

用自制的实验室快速渗滤系统模拟反应器对生活污水进行处理.研究结果表明,此套实验室模拟快渗处理生活污水系统对CODCr、TN、TP去除效果良好,对CODCr的去除率最大值为95.4%,TN为74.7%,TP为83.5%.在布水4 d后,出水CODCr,TN和TP质量浓度分别稳定在20 mg/L,20 mg/L和1.5 mg/L以下.     

重污染河道水解酸化-人工湿地修复工艺技术

目的探寻适合改善我国北方地区重污染河道的一种实用技术,提出水解酸化-人工湿地处理工艺,达到改善其水质的目的.方法分析辽宁省白塔堡河流受污染状况,采用水解酸化预处理,经预曝气装置进行充氧,然后污水经人工潜流湿地进行深度处理的"水解酸化-预曝气-人工湿地"组合工艺对水体水质进行改善.结果白塔堡河污水采用水解酸化-人工湿地技术处理后,出水CODCr、BOD5、TP、TN、NH3-N和SS的质量浓度分别为20~30 mg/L、5.5~14 mg/L、0.11~0.47 mg/L、14~24 mg/L、2.3~7.6 mg/L和8~16 mg/L.系统对CODCr、BOD5、TP、TN、NH3-N和SS的去除率分别为75%~90%、90%~95%、90%~97%、50%~67%、76%~91%和79%~90%.结论水解酸化-预曝气-人工湿地技术处理白塔堡河污水能够取得良好的效果,出水水质中除ρ(TN)和ρ(NH3-N)较高外,CODCr、BOD5和TP的平均出水质量浓度均达到了《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838—2002)中的Ⅴ类标准.     

生物接触氧化法处理农村河道受污染水体中试研究

为了提高生物接触氧化法修复农村受污染河道水体的处理效果,构建了处理规模为150 m~3/d的河道模拟装置,系统开展了生物接触氧化法处理农村河道受污染水体运行控制参数优化研究。讨论了弹性填料、组合填料、悬浮球填料在较佳工况下对CODCr、NH_4~+-N、TN、TP的去除效果。结果表明:气水比6∶1~8∶1、CODCr容积负荷0.1~0.5 kg/(m~3·d)、水力负荷2.4~7.2 m~3/(m~3·d)时,系统对污染物有较好的去除效果。中试系统较优工况运行时,相较于空白对照,装填填料对各污染物的去除效率提高20%~30%。组合填料对CODCr、NH_4+~-N、TN、TP的去除率分别稳定在74.87%、78.37%、34.39%、44.69%以上,优于弹性填料和悬浮球填料。研究结果可为提高生物接触氧化法对农村河道受污染水体处理效果提供技术支持,对生物接触氧化法修复受损河道水体工程实践具备一定的参考意义。     

强化型硫铁矿自养反硝化工艺深度处理城市二沉尾水研究

为实现硫铁矿自养反硝化工艺快速启动,提高出水稳定性,将以硫铁矿为填料的硫自养反硝化生物滤池反应器(1号反应器)作为对照组,分别构建了以硫铁矿/石灰石和硫铁矿/硫黄为填料的强化型硫铁矿生物滤池反应器(2号、3号反应器)处理城市污水处理厂二沉尾水,从去除效果、出水水质的角度来评价强化工艺的可行性,并通过微生物群落分析来探究强化工艺的强化机理.结果表明：当反应温度为31～33℃,水力停留时间(HRT)为2.2 h时,3个生物滤池反应器总氮(TN)去除率分别为91.3%(1号反应器)、84.5%(2号反应器)、100%(3号反应器),出水TN浓度均小于5 mg/L;总磷(TP)去除率分别为91.4%(1号反应器)、85.0%(2号反应器)和100%(3号反应器),TP去除效果随TN去除效果的提升而提升;出水pH基本均能维持在6.8～7.6,体系内硫酸根生成量较低,维持在4.99～5.91 mg(每mg NO^-₃-N).Thiobacillus作为硫铁矿自养反硝化工艺的核心功能菌属在3号反应器内占据优势地位.以硫铁矿/硫黄为填料的生物滤池反应器不仅可以...     

水培空心菜系统与水培莴笋系统去除污水中氮磷效果比较

采用自制的两套水培植物净化床装置,以生活污水二级生化处理装置出水为研究对象,探讨了水培空心菜净化系统和水培莴笋净化系统对污水中TN,TP的去除效果。结果表明,当进水流速控制在13.5 L/h,HRT为1 h,装置连续进水运行时,在水培期间,水培空心菜系统和水培莴笋系统对污水中TN的去除率分别为11.2%~62.4%和27.8%~56.2%,对TP的去除率分别为7.1%~71.8%和0%~63.3%;水培空心菜系统和水培莴笋系统对TN的每日净去除量范围分别为832~3 411 mg和349~5 368 mg,对TP的每日净去除量范围分别为9.7~372.8 mg和0~281.9 mg。在秋冬季节,水培莴笋系统较水培空心菜系统对TN有更好的去除效果,且对TN,TP去除效果更为稳定。     

铜离子对SBR工艺活性污泥毒性作用分析

探讨了不同浓度铜离子对序列间歇式反应器(SBR)活性污泥系统中化学需氧量CODCr、总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)等去除的影响,并采用ToxTell生物传感器,以SBR活性污泥为指示微生物,分析了铜离子的毒性抑制作用.结果表明,铜离子质量浓度低于10mg.L-1时,不会对该SBR系统带来明显的冲击作用,其质量浓度超过20mg.L-1时则会导致系统出水水质明显下降、活性污泥量及污泥沉降比(SV)降低和污泥絮体的解体;ToxTell生物传感器的毒性分析结果与CODCr,TN和TP去除抑制率具有良好的一致性,初步证实该生物传感器能很好地用于铜离子冲击SBR活性污泥系统的预警监测.     

三级渗滤系统控制农业径流污染的试验

为明确渗滤系统在控制农业径流污染中的拦截削减性能,在重庆市万州高峰镇鹿山河旁建立三级渗滤系统,开展了农业径流污染净化效果的试验。结果显示,系统对SS、NH4+-N、TN和TP具有较好的去除效果,平均去除率可分别达到80%、78%、37%及48%。污染物浓度沿系统各级逐渐降低,TN、NH4+-N的去除率沿程逐渐趋缓,TP、SS去除率沿程没有明显减缓的趋势。系统第一级对氮的去除以颗粒态为主,第二、三级以溶解态为主;系统第一、二级对磷的去除以颗粒态为主,第三级对颗粒态磷与溶解态磷的去除比例相近。系统第一级对各污染物的去除效率最高,硝化作用较强;第二级TN、NH4+-N的去除率与第一级相比依然较高;第三级NH4+-N、TN、TP去除率较低,但SS的去除效率与第二级相当。     

纳米活性碳纤维SBR法脱氮除磷试验

在传统SBR工艺中,应用一种新型的纳米活性碳纤维悬浮填料,考察其对污水的脱氮除磷效果,并确定其最佳运行条件.结果表明:以进水30min—曝气4h—搅拌2h—沉淀1h—出水30min—闲置30min为最佳运行工况,在此工况运行时,进水NH3—N(氨氮)浓度为16.2~31.8 mg/L,出水NH3—N浓度为0.22~1.55 mg/L,NH3—N(氨氮)去除率为98.6%~95.1%;进水TN(总氮)为19.8~39.1mg/L,出水TN为5.94~13.68mg/L,TN去除率为70%~65%;进水TP(总磷)为3.2~4.5 mg/L,出水TP为0.46~1.13 mg/L,TP去除率为85.6%~75%,系统有较好的脱氮除磷效果,同时还存在同步硝化反硝化过程,以及较好的反硝化除磷功能.     

硅藻土精强化混凝除磷脱氮

采用烧杯试验,进行了硅藻土精及复配硅藻土精强化混凝技术去除模拟洗浴废水中磷、氮的试验,探讨了低碳可持续脱氮除磷技术.试验结果表明,硅藻土强化聚合氯化铝(PAC)后能够提高废水中的总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)和氨氮(NH3-N)的去除率.当PAC投加量为150 mg/L时,通过混凝工艺对TP,TN和NH3-N去除率分别是91%,6%和21%;采用硅藻土强化PAC混凝工艺对TP,TN和NH3-N去除率分别为95%,58%和26%,相对混凝工艺TP,TN和NH3-N分别提高了4%,49%和5%;复配硅藻土强化PAC混凝工艺对TP,TN和NH3-N去除率分别为95%,42%和64%,相对混凝工艺TP,TN和NH3-N提高了4%,36%和43%.在强化工艺中,对TN的去除受原水中NH3-N含量的影响,.采用硅藻土精及复配硅藻土精强化混凝技术,比采用生物技术脱氮除磷,向大气排放二氧化碳等气体量要少.     

旁路化学除磷对A2 / O 工艺的影响研究

为考察旁路化学除磷对常规A2/O工艺系统脱氮除磷效果的影响,试验在常规A2/O工艺厌氧池末端接入旁路化学除磷池,并调节化学除磷池的pH值以达到除磷的目的。实验结果表明:改进后的A2/O工艺,当进水TN为40～50 mg·L-1、出水TN为11.8～15.5 mg·L-1时,TN平均去除效率为69.21%;当进水TP为4.2～8.9 mg·L-1、出水TP为0.50～0.75 mg·L-1时,TP平均去除效率为90.57%,较传统A2/O工艺,TN、TP去除率分别提高了4.04%、2.37%,说明旁路化学除磷对常规A2/O工艺系统脱氮除磷效果具有一定的改善作用。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to