论全球变化中的海平面上升及其灾情风险评估

本文讨论了全球变化中海平面上升对我国沿海地区的危害，论述了由于海平面上升而对沿海地区进行灾情风险评估中的两个问题：相对海平面变化值和一般采用海平面上升速率低估计值的重要意义。文中还介绍了９０年代国内外研究全球和我国海平面上升的主要数值结果。     

太平洋海域海平面变化的灰色系统分析

应用灰色系统理论，对太平洋海域４８个长期验潮站的月均海平面分别建立了ＧＭ（１，１）模型，ＧＭ（１，１）模型能较好地反映太平洋海域的海平面变化的趋势，它除了能给出连续的海平面变化速率外，同时能方便地给海平面变化的加速率，模拟结果表明，在太平洋地壳均衡假设下，太平洋海域的月均海平面以平均速率０．１７ｃｍ／ａ上升。在太平洋海以的４８个长期验潮站中，有４０个站在加速上升，全部站的平均加速度为０．０００２９     

鲁西陆表海高分辨层序地层及海平面变动控制

依据钻孔岩芯和测进资料，对钽西陆表海盆地含煤地层进行了高分辨率层序划分，研究了高分辨率层序地层特点及其控制因素。研究表明，鲁西表海沉积序列中不同级次旋回相互叠加，具有特征的低频（Ⅱ～Ⅲ级）和高频（Ⅳ～Ⅵ级）层序叠加样式；这种相互叠加的旋回结构受控于相互叠置的海平面变化周期，即复合海平面变化。海平面变化周期表现出非对称式突发性上升到缓慢回落的节律性，形成了不对称的旋回记录。     

海平面变化理论的初步评价

介绍了全球变化中的热点问题－海平面变化的研究意义,将海平面变化研究分为基本理论创立,定量研究,迅速发展和成因研究四个阶段,分析总结了海平面变化研究了各阶段的理论,成果,着重评价了各阶段海平研究的相关理论,据此对海平面变化研究提出了一些看法;注重综合研究,加强分区,分时段研究,跟踪国际研究动态加强国际合作,加强海平面上升及其影响的研究。     

晚全新世以来长江口北支XL1孔有孔虫组合与气候、海平面变化研究

通过对长江口北支XL1孔48个样品的有孔虫定量分析,将该孔划分为3个有孔虫组合带（含有8个组合亚带）,并将其与崇明岛北部的永隆沙CY孔沉积特征进行对比,确定了XL1孔为晚全新世以来的沉积。对比分析两孔有孔虫组合特征,参照CY孔孢粉组合分析结果,对长江口北支XL1孔揭示的气候与海平面变化进行研究。XL1孔3个有孔虫组合带所反应的气候变化特征依次为温和略湿（后期又转暖一些）→温而略干→温暖湿润;海平面变化自带1→带3为上升-下降→下降-上升→上升的变化特征。     

海平面上升对长江口波浪影响的预测与分析

基于MIKE 21SW建立了长江口波浪数学模型,采用实测资料对波浪模型进行了验证,分别模拟当前海平面和海平面上升0.5,1.0,1.5m情景下的不同风向下的波浪分布,比较分析了波浪随海平面上升的变化特征,长江口波浪随海平面上升的一般特征为:波高和周期变化过程与潮位变化过程一致,波高增量高水位时大于低水位;口内波高增量明显小于口外,滩地增量最大,滩地迎风向的波高增量比背风向大;波周期变化特征与有效波高相似,但变幅明显小于波高变幅.     

海平面上升对上海地区市政建设的影响及对策

通过对上海地区自然环境状况、全球海平面上升趋势,上海相对海平面状况等几个方面的综合研究,列出了海平面上升对上海市政建设的影响,并提出了相应的对策及建议     

海平面上升对福建的影响及对策

目的通过研究福建海平面上升的成因及其影响,提出相关应对措施确保社会经济安全可持续发展。方法根据中国海平面公报和相关资料进行分析。结果海平面上升不但会淹没滨海土地,而且会不同程度地加大风暴潮、咸潮入侵、海水入侵与土壤盐渍化、海岸侵蚀等灾害的致灾程度。结论福建省可通过以下措施来应对海平面上升:积累碳汇;稳定人口低生育水平;加强海洋环境的监测和预警能力;开展海平面变化影响评价和脆弱性区划;强化应对海平面上升的适应性对策等。     

近十年我国海平面变化研究进展

系统地回顾了2006—2015年我国在海平面变化规律、机制及影响领域的最新研究进展。分析了全球及区域海平面以及比容海平面在不同时间尺度上的变化规律;探讨了海平面的变化机制,海表热通量、淡水通量、环流、风应力以及Rossby波对不同区域海平面变化的动力及热力影响;采用统计方法和数值模拟等手段,对21世纪海平面变化进行了预测;同时海平面变化会影响海洋的动力过程(如潮波系统的变化),并进而对近海和海岸带环境产生重要影响(如海岸侵蚀、海水入侵和土地盐渍化、河口咸潮入侵、近岸低地淹没、红树林衰退等)。     

海平面上升及其对上海市可持续发展的影响

根据已有研究表明，全球海平面在未来的几十年内仍将持续上升，自1990-2100年，全球绝对海平面将上升9～88cm，对于上海市，由于其特殊的地理位置及地理条件，相对海平面变化幅度将远远大于全球海平面变化平均水平，为此就海平面变化对上海市可持续发展的影响作初步探讨。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.