钢弹簧浮置板轨道的随机振动分析及参数优化

通过构建车辆-钢弹簧浮置板轨道垂向耦合模型,计算分析了扣件(隔振器)刚度和阻尼对钢弹簧浮置板轨道频域随机振动的影响规律,为钢弹簧浮置板轨道关键设计参数的合理选择与组合优化提供理论依据.研究结果表明:a.在钢弹簧浮置板轨道垂向位移满足规范要求的前提下,尽可能降低扣件与隔振器刚度;b.扣件阻尼增大能够降低浮置板轨道及其下方基础20~65 Hz的中高频振动,但同时会放大其80 Hz以上的高频振动,建议扣件阻尼系数的取值范围为50~100kN/(m·s~(-1));c.隔振器阻尼增大可略微降低浮置板轨道基础5~16Hz的中低频振动,但同时会显著放大其20Hz以上的中高频振动,建议隔振器阻尼系数应控制在55~75kN/(m·s~(-1))范围内.     

浮置板轨道隔振性能研究

为了分析浮置板轨道的动态特性,根据结构动力学原理建立了两种浮置板轨道的计算模型.应用所建模型对长、短两类浮置板轨道的隔振性能进行了分析和比较.计算结果表明,浮置板轨道对于隔离钢轨传递给基础的振动有显著作用,长浮置板轨道的隔振性能在力的作用处稍优于短浮置板轨道,但沿钢轨方向短浮置板轨道的振动衰减比较快.浮置板系统的固有频率越低,隔振性能越好.可以通过增加浮置板质量和降低浮置板支承刚度的方法降低浮置板轨道系统的固有频率,以达到较好的隔振性能.     

基于有限元法的钢弹簧浮置板轨道减振性能分析及优化

在不影响减振效果的前提下减少浮置板钢弹簧的使用量,以降低浮置板轨道建设成本,根据实际工程施工图纸,构建钢弹簧浮置板轨道的有限元模型,对钢弹簧浮置板轨道在不同弹簧刚度、布置方式及载荷下浮置板轨道的模态频率和竖向位移进行了分析;同时以南方某市实际运行地铁轨道为优化目标,优化钢弹簧的使用数量、布置及钢弹簧参数,并通过数值仿真进行验证。结果表明:选择弹簧刚度8.5 kN/mm可将25 m浮置板轨道钢弹簧使用量降低至32个,固有频率小于10 Hz,可以获得较好的减振效果。     

城市轨道交通列车-浮置板式轨道系统竖向振动模型

针对浮置板式轨道结构特点,取相邻2个扣件之间的轨道为1个轨段单元,钢轨视为连续弹性点支承Euler梁,浮置板视为弹性薄板,扣件系统及橡胶支座均模拟为线性弹簧及粘滞阻尼器,建立浮置板式轨道振动模型;将城轨列车中的车辆均离散为多刚体系统,各刚体之间通过线性弹簧及粘滞阻尼器相连,建立列车振动模型;将浮置板式轨道及列车振动势能叠加,得到系统竖向振动总势能：基于弹性系统动力学总势能不变值原理及形成系统矩阵的“对号入座”法则,建立此系统竖向振动矩阵方程;采用Wilson-θ逐步积分法求解此矩阵方程,得出此系统竖向振动响应。研究结果表明：采用浮置板式轨道振动模型计算的钢轨竖向位移为4．18mm。浮置板竖向位移为0．69mm,与已有研究结果吻合良好：城轨列车以速度60km／h在浮置板式轨道上运行时的系统竖向振动响应波形图符合物理概念,响应的量值反映了系统竖向振动的通常幅值。     

高架钢弹簧浮置板轨道减振特性分析

分别采用有限元和现场试验方法从时频域角度对高架钢弹簧浮置板轨道结构的减振特性进行了分析.研究结果表明,减振器刚度和间距的改变对浮置板前10阶振动频率分布影响较大,减振器刚度和间距的变化是通过改变浮置板单位长度刚度来达到控制减振效果的目的,浮置板顶升后高架箱梁结构顶板、翼缘、腹板和底板的振动水平在25～100 Hz范围内分别减小11～22 dB,12～20 dB,20～30 dB和12～21dB,减振效果随减振器刚度的增大而减小,随减振器间距的增大而增大,箱梁结构的位移受减振器刚度和间距变化的影响较小;浮置板轨道在63～2 000 Hz范围对轮轨噪声具有一定的降噪效果.     

移动简谐荷载下浮置板轨道-隧道-地基模型二维振动响应研究

为分析地铁隧道中浮置板轨道的减振特性，基于轨道-隧道-地基二维耦合模型，通过引入位移势函数和双重傅里叶变换，推导了移动简谐荷载作用下二维耦合模型的位移响应解答，研究了浮置板轨道参数敏感性.研究表明，二维耦合模型存在3个自振频率，地层的位移响应以低频为主，峰值频率在1Hz左右，不同荷载频率下地层竖向位移沿深度的变化规律不同.地层加速度响应以中低频为主，第二自振频率对应的地层加速度峰值最大，采用浮置板轨道并不能减少地层振动位移，但可以有效降低1.414倍第二自振频率以上地层振动的加速度响应.增加浮置板质量和降低钢弹簧刚度可以减少地层的加速度响应达到减振目的，改变钢轨扣件刚度和浮置板抗弯刚度对地层加速度响应的影响很小.研究可为地铁环境振动的快速评估提供参考.     

橡胶垫浮置板轨道变形控制及减振分析

在进行轨道结构减振效果的优化设计时,需要考虑结构的变形限值条件.以橡胶垫浮置板轨道为研究对象,采用模态分析和谐响应分析,对轨道系统的振动特性进行了研究.考虑钢轨的变形限值,提出了减振性能最优的板下胶垫刚度.利用建立的地铁车辆-橡胶垫浮置板轨道-基础空间耦合系统动力分析模型,计算了该胶垫刚度下的轨道、基础动力响应,对其减振效果进行了评估.研究表明:橡胶垫浮置板轨道具有较好的减振性能.按照钢轨变形限值4mm控制,轨道固有频率为18.7Hz.在1~80Hz频率范围内,浮置板轨道的综合减振效果为10.4dB.研究成果可用于实际工程,为类似减振轨道结构的选型和优化设计提供一定的借鉴.     

磁流变阻尼半主动隔振的钢弹簧浮置板轨道动力响应分析

为了提高钢弹簧浮置板轨道的低频减振效率,借鉴磁流变阻尼半主动控制技术,建立车辆-磁流变阻尼半主动隔振钢弹簧浮置板轨道的垂向耦合动力学模型与磁流变阻尼地棚半主动开-关(on-off)控制的数值模拟方法,并仿真分析磁流变阻尼半主动隔振浮置板轨道的非线性动力响应特征。研究结果表明:磁流变阻尼力能够提高浮置板轨道垂向变形的安全余量,但是过大的磁流变阻尼力易引起钢轨出现上拱现象;磁流变阻尼半主动隔振能够重新调整浮置板轨道下部振动能量的频域分布,既能有效分担浮置板轨道下部1~16 Hz的低频振动能量,也能将人体敏感频率(4~8 Hz)的能量转变为极低频的能量(低于1 Hz)向外传播;应用磁流变阻尼后,增大了浮置板轨道支承刚度的下调余量,可进一步提高浮置板轨道的隔振效率。     

城市高架轨道多层隔振系统影响参数匹配

以轨道交通30m双线混凝土简支箱梁桥为研究对象,考虑扣件-轨道板支承-桥梁支座多层隔振系统内部耦合机理,建立车-轨-桥有限元模型(FEM).通过现场试验数据验证模型有效性.利用该模型展开多工况计算分析,研究各层隔振元件刚度的改变对车体、轨道结构、桥梁结构振动响应特性和综合隔振效果的影响规律,获取参数匹配原则.结果表明:高架轨道各层隔振元件宜采用匹配设计,可在改善沿线环境隔振效果的同时,兼顾车-轨-桥各层子系统动力响应特性.     

铁路地下直径线橡胶浮置板道床钢轨变形限值研究

浮置板道床能有效减小铁路振动的影响,因此可将其应用于穿越人口密集区的铁路地下直径线。为了确保行车的安全性和舒适性,有必要对铁路运营下浮置板道床钢轨的合理变形限值进行研究。基于有限元法,建立了车辆-橡胶浮置板道床耦合动力学模型,对SS9列车100 km／h速度下车辆、钢轨、浮置板等部件的动力学特性进行了研究,并从行车安全性和平稳性方面提出了浮置板道床钢轨的变形限值建议值。研究表明：橡胶垫面刚度小于0．02 N／mm3时,轨道结构产生较大垂向位移;100 km／h速度条件下,铁路橡胶浮置板道床钢轨垂向变形限值取4 mm时,能满足行车安全性和平稳性要求。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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