激光相干控制光电流的密度矩阵表述

用以密度矩阵微扰论为理论基础的Feynman图形技术分析了相干控制光电流和光学整流的物理实质, 说明它们分别来源于密度矩阵对角元和非对角元对应的“实”和“虚”跃迁; 从极化的角度来讲, 两者又分别对应于带内极化和带间极化. 从时域和频域两个角度分别阐明了相干控制光电流在超短激光脉冲激发下的时间演化情况以及对频率的依赖关系, 并且由光生载流子在动量空间的分布进一步说明带内极化是相干控制光电流产生的原因.     

干涉结构中的量子相位噪声分析

本文分析了由一激光器所发出的光经由一个干涉系统输出后所得到的光电流的噪声功率谱密度。在分析中,我们考虑了激光器的相位波动引起的相位一强度噪声以及干涉系统中两臂的光具有不同强度和偏振态的情况。分析指出,经由干涉系统输出的光电流噪声功率谱密度与激光器的线宽和干涉仪两路光的功率分配和偏振态夹角有关。在相干情况下,噪声功率谱密度主要由两路光的相位差决定。在非相干条件下,噪声功率谱的形状和分布由激光器的谱线形状和线宽决定。调节两路的相对偏振态,可以有效的改变噪声强度。     

声光调制器实验样机设计

根据布拉格衍射效应原理,设计了一种声光调制器实验样机.声光效应产生一级衍射光,其强度与射频控制信号直接相关.另外,设计的调制器的上升沿时间由声波穿过激光光束的渡越时间决定.为了得到高速调制的效果,根据需要将激光光束进行汇聚,使其穿过调制器的光束直径最小.结果显示,实验样机设计完善,实验装置能够很稳定的正常工作,相应的实验都达到了预期的效果.     

Fe∶LiNbO3晶体中全息图的选择性擦除研究

研究选择性擦除的原理和方法.针对铌酸锂晶体中定影全息图和未定影全息图的特点,介绍相应的选择性擦除的原理和在物光和参考光中引入π相位差的几种方法.通过引入π相位差记录互补全息图,利用全息图及其互补全息图的非相干叠加,消除原全息图对晶体折射率的调制,从而实现对未定影全息图的选择性擦除.实验中实现了在晶体中某一数据页面内部分数据的擦除,并从理论上对实验结果进行了分析.     

相位差法测量激光束频率稳定度的研究

本文提出一种测量激光束频率稳定度的新方法(相位差法),采用光外差技术,测量两光束的光程不同而引起的相位差,在所设计的光路中,激光管的频率变化将使两光束的相位差随着变化,从而使本方法得以实现。本文从理论上推导了激光管的频率稳定度△f/f_0与两光束相位差的变化之间的关系,叙述了实验装置,进行了比对测试,理论与实验都得到了一致的结果。     

准分子激光前端光束形态控制技术研究

在高功率准分子激光系统中，前端光束形态直接决定着系统输出的光束形态，并直接与靶物理需求密切相关。主要介绍了窄脉冲准分子激光前端光束形态控制的实验研究进展，基于散射法获得了满足系统要求的部分相干源， 直接利用三束激光脉冲堆积获得了平顶整形脉冲，并结合放大实验结果对上述实现方法进行了评价分析。     

10～100Gb/s 全光开关相干控制的物理与技术研究

１０～１００Ｇｂ／ｓ全光开关相干控制的物理与技术研究周建英李伟良罗琦余向阳（中山大学超快速激光光谱学实验室广州５１０２７５）宽频带全光开关是制约高速光子信息处理，尤其是高速光计算与光通讯的“瓶颈”元件，一直倍受科技界关注；其中１０～１００Ｇｂ／ｓ全光...     

绿光LED产生高阶Bessel光的自再现

基于Hankel波理论分析了非相干光源产生高阶Bessel光束的自再现的可能性,利用交叉谱密度公式模拟了非相干绿光LED光源产生的一阶Bessel光束经过轴上圆形障碍物后的自再现光场分布,实验上通过由绿光LED发出的光场经过螺旋相位板和轴棱锥后产生一阶Bessel光束,并在光轴上放置圆形障碍物、方形障碍物来验证非相干光源产生的高阶Bessel光束的自再现特性,实验结果和理论模拟基本吻合,研究结果对于利用非相干光源实现多点光捕获和微粒操控有重要参考价值.     

Bessel光束与平面波相干产生局域空心光束

提出一种利用Bessel光束与平面波叠加得到周期性局域空心光束(bottle beam)的新方法.利用菲涅尔积分衍射理论推导得到Bessel光束与平面波叠加的光场表达式,通过Mathcad软件数值模拟两光场相干叠加的轴向和截面光强分布图,分析入射光束半径对局域空心光束的强度和周期的影响.结果表明:平面波与Bessel光束相干叠加能形成周期性的局域空心光束,随着光束半径的减小,轴上光强的峰值降低,同一段距离内得到的局域空心光束数量减少.     

Fe∶LiNbO3晶体中全息图的选择性擦除研究

研究选择性擦除的原理和方法，针对铌酸锂晶体中定影全息图和未定影全息图的特点，介绍相应的选择性擦除的原理和在物光和参考光中引入π相位差的几种方法，通过引入π相位差记录互补全息图，利用全息图及其互补全息图的非相干叠加，消除原全息图对晶体折射率的调制，从而实现对未来影全息图的选择性擦除，实验中实验了在晶体中某一数据面面内部分数据的擦除，并从理论上对实验结果进行了分析。     

波长对双色激光场中H_2~ 和(DμD)~ 解离的影响

利用短时指数传播子的对称分割和快速傅立叶变换等方法 ,对含时薛定谔方程进行了数值求解 ,研究了双色(基频 :780 nm,二倍频 :390 nm)激光场对 H 2 离子和 (DμD) 离子解离的相干控制以及基频激光的波长对相干控制作用的影响 .数值结果显示 ,光解离几率灵敏地随双色光之间的相对相位的变化而变化 ,光解离碎片的动量分布也与相对相位的大小有关 ;H 2 离子和 (DμD) 离子在双色激光场中的光解离情况有很大不同 .     

基于相对关联距离熵的水文变异点识别

 从重构的径流时间序列相空间轨迹中提取反应水文系统状态变化信息的参数——相对关联距离熵,根据相对关联距离熵的变化来辨识水文系统状态的跳跃,识别出水文变异点。将该方法应用于东江流域的博罗站50 a实测逐月径流序列中,较准确的识别变异发生的时间,检验性能优于传统方法,特别适用于具有多变点的时间序列。通过变异分析表明,东江流域博罗站在1972年发生水文变异,其径流在主要受降雨影响的同时,愈来愈受到水利工程的影响。     

Single-pulse coherently controlled nonlinear Raman spectroscopy and microscopy

Molecular vibrations have oscillation periods that reflect the molecular structure, and are hence being used as a spectroscopic fingerprint for detection and identification. At present, all nonlinear spectroscopy schemes use two or more laser beams to measure such vibrations. The availability of ultrashort (femtosecond) optical pulses with durations shorter than typical molecular vibration periods has enabled the coherent excitation of molecular vibrations using a single pulse. Here we perform single-pulse vibrational spectroscopy on several molecules in the liquid phase, where both the excitation and the readout processes are performed by the same pulse. The main difficulty with single-pulse spectroscopy is that all vibrational levels with energies within the pulse bandwidth are excited. We achieve high spectral resolution, nearly two orders of magnitude better than the pulse bandwidth, by using quantum coherent control techniques. By appropriately modulating the spectral phase of the pulse we are able to exploit the quantum interference between multiple paths to selectively populate a given vibrational level, and to probe this population using the same pulse. This scheme, using a single broadband laser source, is particularly attractive for nonlinear microscopy applications, as we demonstrate by constructing a coherent anti-Stokes Raman (CARS) microscope operating with a single laser beam.     

基于激光通信链路的星间时间同步技术

时间同步技术对于导航、定位、授时都有重要作用,是空间应用领域的热门方向.激光通信技术具有通信容量大、保密性和抗干扰性强等优点,因此受到越来越广泛的应用.本文提出了基于激光通信链路的时间同步技术,通过数据帧头实现粗测距,通过接收时钟相位实现精测距.通过理论分析,获得了基于激光通信链路的时间同步精度的理论极限,并进行模拟仿真计算.在双向单程测距条件下,1 Gbps通信速率时可以获得毫米级的测量精度和皮秒级的时间同步精度.采用BPSK相干通信体制,在实验室进行了基于激光通信链路的时间同步试验,结果符合理论预期.     

Adaptive subwavelength control of nano-optical fields

Adaptive shaping of the phase and amplitude of femtosecond laser pulses has been developed into an efficient tool for the directed manipulation of interference phenomena, thus providing coherent control over various quantum-mechanical systems. Temporal resolution in the femtosecond or even attosecond range has been demonstrated, but spatial resolution is limited by diffraction to approximately half the wavelength of the light field (that is, several hundred nanometres). Theory has indicated that the spatial limitation to coherent control can be overcome with the illumination of nanostructures: the spatial near-field distribution was shown to depend on the linear chirp of an irradiating laser pulse. An extension of this idea to adaptive control, combining multiparameter pulse shaping with a learning algorithm, demonstrated the generation of user-specified optical near-field distributions in an optimal and flexible fashion. Shaping of the polarization of the laser pulse provides a particularly efficient and versatile nano-optical manipulation method. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of this concept experimentally, by tailoring the optical near field in the vicinity of silver nanostructures through adaptive polarization shaping of femtosecond laser pulses and then probing the lateral field distribution by two-photon photoemission electron microscopy. In this combination of adaptive control and nano-optics, we achieve subwavelength dynamic localization of electromagnetic intensity on the nanometre scale and thus overcome the spatial restrictions of conventional optics. This experimental realization of theoretical suggestions opens a number of perspectives in coherent control, nano-optics, nonlinear spectroscopy, and other research fields in which optical investigations are carried out with spatial or temporal resolution.     

整形啁啾脉冲光场作用下的量子相干控制与量子全息

在一级微扰理论近似下,研究了整形啁啾脉冲光场与二能级原子系统作用过程中的量子相干控制问题.利用惠更斯-菲涅耳原理解释了整形脉冲光场作用下量子态波函数的演化过程类似于时域＂光栅衍射＂效应;利用菲涅耳波带片方法研究了布居几率的增强效应.基于利用整形脉冲实现的量子相干控制和量子全息思想在理论上提出并论证了测量波函数的一种新方法.     

基于Matlab-Simuink的串联型有源电力滤波器的仿真研究

介绍了串联型有源电力滤波器的基本工作原理,研究了基于三相瞬时无功功率理论的谐波电压检测方法,并分析了系统主要参数的选取方法,最后结合检测负载谐波电压控制方式用Matlab/Simulink搭建了系统的仿真模型.仿真结果验证了在合理的参数配置下,串联型有源电力滤波器可对电压型谐波能进行较好的补偿,使得电源电流的畸变减小.     

Coherent control of optical information with matter wave dynamics

In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in manipulating matter with light, and light with matter. Resonant laser fields interacting with cold, dense atom clouds provide a particularly rich system. Such light fields interact strongly with the internal electrons of the atoms, and couple directly to external atomic motion through recoil momenta imparted when photons are absorbed and emitted. Ultraslow light propagation in Bose-Einstein condensates represents an extreme example of resonant light manipulation using cold atoms. Here we demonstrate that a slow light pulse can be stopped and stored in one Bose-Einstein condensate and subsequently revived from a totally different condensate, 160 mum away; information is transferred through conversion of the optical pulse into a travelling matter wave. In the presence of an optical coupling field, a probe laser pulse is first injected into one of the condensates where it is spatially compressed to a length much shorter than the coherent extent of the condensate. The coupling field is then turned off, leaving the atoms in the first condensate in quantum superposition states that comprise a stationary component and a recoiling component in a different internal state. The amplitude and phase of the spatially localized light pulse are imprinted on the recoiling part of the wavefunction, which moves towards the second condensate. When this 'messenger' atom pulse is embedded in the second condensate, the system is re-illuminated with the coupling laser. The probe light is driven back on and the messenger pulse is coherently added to the matter field of the second condensate by way of slow-light-mediated atomic matter-wave amplification. The revived light pulse records the relative amplitude and phase between the recoiling atomic imprint and the revival condensate. Our results provide a dramatic demonstration of coherent optical information processing with matter wave dynamics. Such quantum control may find application in quantum information processing and wavefunction sculpting.     

Photoselective adaptive femtosecond quantum control in the liquid phase.

Coherent light sources can be used to manipulate the outcome of light-matter interactions by exploiting interference phenomena in the time and frequency domain. A powerful tool in this emerging field of 'quantum control' is the adaptive shaping of femtosecond laser pulses, resulting, for instance, in selective molecular excitation. The basis of this method is that the quantum system under investigation itself guides an automated search, via iteration loops, for coherent light fields best suited for achieving a control task designed by the experimenter. The method is therefore ideal for the control of complex experiments. To date, all demonstrations of this technique on molecular systems have focused on controlling the outcome of photo-induced reactions in identical molecules, and little attention has been paid to selectively controlling mixtures of different molecules. Here we report simultaneous but selective multi-photon excitation of two distinct electronically and structurally complex dye molecules in solution. Despite the failure of single parameter variations (wavelength, intensity, or linear chirp control), adaptive femtosecond pulse shaping can reveal complex laser fields to achieve chemically selective molecular excitation. Furthermore, our results prove that phase coherences of the solute molecule persist for more than 100 fs in the solvent environment.     

Carrier-envelope phase locking of 5 fs amplified Ti:sapphire laser pulse at 1 kHz repetition rate

This paper reports the carrier-envelop phase （CEP） locking for the 5 fs re-compressed laser pulse generated from a chirped pulse amplified （CPA） Ti：sapphire laser at 1 kHz repetition rate. A phase locking feedback system with two loops was designed to control the fast fluctuation arising from the seeding laser and the slow fluctuation arising from the sub-mJ amplified pulse. The principle and structure of the phase control system, including the CEP detection, servo loop design and phase locking result, are analyzed. The experiment shows that our phase locking system can be well used to establish the stable phase locking of few-cycle amplified laser pulse, and the CEP variation of below 53 mrad （rms） was demonstrated during a locking period of more than 3 h.