2,4-D处理罗岗甜橙果实后的降解

用质量浓度为200 mg/L的2,4-D与45%的施保克(杀菌剂)1 000倍液组成的混合溶液浸泡罗岗甜橙果实3 min,然后用薄膜袋包装果实,25 ℃、湿度74%下贮藏,用HPLC方法分析了果实内2,4-D降解情况,结果表明:处理果实放置12 h的果皮内2,4-D含量比对照果增加3.29倍;放置24 h的果皮内2,4-D含量明显高于果肉.处理的果实放置24 h以后,通过从果皮吸收,使果肉内2,4-D含量显著增加,贮藏5 d的果肉内2,4-D含量达到最高值,贮藏30 d的果肉内2,4-D含量为1 570.35 ng/g,以后显著减少,低于农业部颁发的2,4-D残留限量(2 000 ng/kg),符合柑橘食用安全性. 贮藏60 d果肉内2,4-D水平低于处理0 d(对照)的水平. 2,4-二氯苯羟化酶是2,4-D降解途径中的重要降解酶;2,4-D处理的果实经贮藏5 d,果肉内2,4-二氯苯羟化酶活性较低,第10天显著增加,贮藏30 d酶活性最高,与果肉内2,4-D含量降低一致.     

植物生长调节剂ABT1对不同彩叶树种扦插的影响研究

为了快速繁育引进的优质彩色树种紫叶稠李、金叶榆、金叶水腊,采用完全随机设计,研究三种不同浓度植物生长调节剂ABT1、三种不同浸泡时间对彩叶树种插穗的芽萌发、抽条和生根长度的影响;结果表明:不同彩叶树种对ABT1的响应各不相同,紫叶稠李扦插枝条在100mg/L ABT1处理1h效果最好;金叶榆扦插枝条在50mg/L ABT1处理1h效果最好;金叶水腊扦插枝条在200mg/L ABT1处理2h效果最好。     

灰树花子实体多糖和菌丝体多糖的比较分析

从灰树花 (Grifolafrondosa)子实体和菌丝体中提取分离得到子实体多糖F -D和菌丝体多糖M -D ,得率分别是 0 .5 9%、0 .31% ;F -D的糖、蛋白质含量为 6 4 .8%、15 .6 % ,M -D糖、蛋白质含量是 6 5 .9%、7.37% ;气相色谱分析单糖组成 ,F -D由岩藻糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、甘露糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖组成 ,各单糖的摩尔比为 0 .9:0 .5 :1.3:5 .0 :2 .9:10 0 .0 ;M -D由鼠李糖、岩藻糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、甘露糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖组成 ,各单糖的摩尔比为 5 .9:8.5 :3.2 :2 3.2 :6 .5 :11.7:10 0 .0 ;红外光谱图显示F -D和M -D约在 890cm- 1处有吸收 ,1H -NMR谱显示两者在 5mg/L以上均无吸收 ,13C -NMR谱显示两者在 10 5× 10 - 6 、86× 10 - 6 、和 71× 10 - 6 处均有吸收 ,提示F -D和M -D多糖中均存在 β(1→ 3)和 (1→ 6 )糖苷键。     

粉虱座壳孢对烟粉虱的致病力测定及其时间-浓度效应

本研究用粉虱座壳孢 Aschersonia aleyrodis Webber孢子悬浮液 1× 10 5、5× 10 5、1× 10 6、5× 10 6和 1×10 7孢子 /ml,对烟粉虱 Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius) 2龄若虫进行致病力测定 ,并应用时间 -剂量 -死亡率模型研究了粉虱座壳孢对烟粉虱致死的时间和浓度效应 ,拟合良好。结果表明 ,粉虱座壳孢对烟粉虱的致病力较强 ,接种后第 9d,5× 10 6和 1× 10 7孢子 /ml两个浓度处理累计死亡率达 90 %以上 ;第 10 d的 LC50 和 LC90 分别为 2 .5 8× 10 5和 4 .6 7× 10 6孢子 /ml;在 5× 10 5- 1× 10 7孢子 /ml的浓度范围内 ,L T50 为 2 .6 1- 4.82 d     

LR—98对肝癌细胞增殖的抑制性效应

利用在体和离体实验相结合 ,以动物接种肿瘤细胞后的生存时间、瘤重与体重比值、肝癌细胞生存率、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性及肝癌细胞凋亡为指标 ,研究了不同剂量榄仁树叶提取物 (LR 98)对肝癌细胞增殖的抑制性效应及可能机制 .在体实验结果表明 ,5× 10 - 3g/mLLR 98处理组动物的生存时间较对照组明显延长 (P <0 .0 1) ,不同剂量处理组 (5× 10 - 3g/mL ,2× 10 - 2 g/mL ,5× 10 - 2 g/mL)的瘤重与体重比值均较对照组明显减小 (P <0 .0 5) .体外培养的细胞经不同剂量LR 98(1× 10 - 5g/mL ,5× 10 - 5g/mL ,1× 10 - 4 g/mL)作用后 ,生存率及SOD活性均显著下降 (P <0 .0 1) .流式细胞仪分析表明 ,不同剂量LR 98作用于肝癌细胞 8h后 ,在G1 期前均出现一亚二倍体峰 ,表明均能诱导肝癌细胞发生凋亡 ,凋亡率分别达 2 9.4 4 % ,2 4 .4 5%和 2 5.2 2 % .以上结果说明LR 98可显著抑制肝癌细胞增殖 .降低SOD活性 ,诱导肝癌细胞凋亡可能是LR 98抑制肝癌细胞生长的机理之一 .     

南方红豆杉的愈伤组织培养研究

以南方红豆杉（Taxus chinensis var．mairei Cheng et L．K．Fu）的营养器官嫩茎、叶和叶柄等为外植体进行愈伤组织诱导研究,试验结果表明：（1）各外植体中诱导愈伤组织的难易程度为叶柄处〉叶片〉茎段;（2）2,4-D比NKA更有利于愈伤组织的形成;（3）B5比MS培养基更有利于愈伤组织的形成,因此诱导南方红豆杉产生愈伤组织的最佳培养基配方是：B5＋2,4-D4．0mg·L^-1。＋ABT生根粉0．3g·L^-1,愈伤组织的诱导率达93％;（4）继代增殖培养的配方B5＋2,4-D0．1mg·L^-1＋ABT生根粉0．1g·L^-1,增殖系数可达3．6．     

2，4-D对玉米根氧化还原活性的影响及其与根生长和酶活性等的关系

将5mm长的玉米根尖与不同浓度的2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)一起保温,在加10^-15mol／L至10^9mol/L浓度范围内,根尖对铁氰化钾的还原活性随2,4-D浓度升高而增加;当2,4-D浓度超过10^8mol／L时,还原活性受到抑制,根尖的生长与铁氰化钾还原速率具有很好的相关性,葡萄糖-6-磷酸(G-6-P)脱氢酶活性与铁氰化钾的还原和细胞内NADPH2心水平相平行,ATP酶活性也与上述变化相一致,在低浓度的2,4-D处理下,介质pH下降,高浓度的2,4-D则使介质碱化,上述结果表明2,4-D对玉米垠氧化还原活性和生长速率有显著影响．它的作用是通过活化质子分泌和它对代谢途径的调节实现的。     

2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸分子印迹聚合物的制备及识别特性

以2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)为模板分子,α-甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为功能单体,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)为交联剂,制备了有特异性识别2,4-D功能的分子印迹聚合物.用紫外分光光度法对印迹聚合物的吸附性能进行了研究,并用高效液相色谱法对印迹聚合物的选择性进行了考察.用Scatchard法分析表明,该分子印迹聚合物通过氢键作用力结合,对2,4-D的最大表观吸附量Qmax为69.7μmol.g-1,平衡离解常数Kd为9.96×10-3mol.L-1.HPLC实验表明,与2,4-D结构类似的分子相比,印迹聚合物对2,4-D显示了很好的选择性.     

甲苯咪唑对鱼的急性毒性试验及驱虫效果研究

甲苯咪唑浓度为0 4×10-6和0 8×10-6时,5种试验鱼(日本鳗Anguillajaponicus、欧洲鳗Anguillaan guilla、翘嘴鳜Sinipercachuatsi、红剑XiphophorushelleriHeckel和建鲤Cyprinuscarpiovar.Jian)是安全的;浓度为2×10-6时,前3种试验鱼全部存活,而红剑和建鲤的死亡率为6%和4%.用浓度为0 2×10-6、0 4×10-6和0 8×10-6的甲苯咪唑药浴患伪指环虫病(感染率为92%)的欧洲鳗,用药1次,120h后其阳性检出率分别为54%、10%和0%.说明甲苯咪唑对欧洲鳗伪指环虫病有显著疗效.     

2,4-D对香瓜种子萌发特性的影响

利用不同浓度的2,4-D处理香瓜种子,观察种子萌发时发芽率及根的生长状况.结果表明,2,4-D提高香瓜种子发芽率的浓度在10-4～10-2g/L范围内,高于10-2g/L则有明显抑制作用; 10-4～10-3g/L有促进侧根发生及对根明显增粗的作用,10-3g/L对根的增重有一定促进作用.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Features of Women''s language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme