西方公共管理及对我国政府改革的意义

公共管理作为产生于西方的一种新的管理思想,是在对传统公共行政批判与继承的基础上发展起来的.公共管理在政府的角色、公共管理主体等方面有很大的理论创新,研究这一理论,对我国政府改革有着重大的意义.     

论公共领导力的构成要素

人们普遍认为公共部门领导是由公共组织授权其公共性和权威性,这决定了其不存在被评估的必要,而公共领导所应该具备的公共领导力在界定公共问题、制定公共政策、提高公共组织创造力上都具有不可忽视的影响作用。伴随着全球化浪潮和风险社会的来临,政府面临的环境日益复杂和严峻,对公共领导力也提出了新的要求和任务。本文对公共领导力及其构成要素进行分析和论述,对于新时期法治政府建设和大数据时代政府治理能力提高具有重要的理论和实践意义。     

兴义市旅游管理新模式——基于新公共管理视角的思考

新公共管理理论是相对于传统行政管理而言,它以经济、效率和效能为基本价值,将企业管理的思维和方法引入到政府管理中,注重强调政府的管理效率和管理绩效,强调注重市场的力量,从各个层面对政府的治理体系和治理方式进行结构性调整与重塑.旅游管理新模式的建立就是以新公共管理理论为基础,将公共战略管理思想、企业化政府思想、多目标整合发展的思想、参与式治理思想等应用到新模式中来,是适应新形势下对政府旅游管理的新需求.     

论公共管理的基本原则与价值取向

知识经济时代的到来为世界各国政府管理和公共服务提出了新的机遇和挑战。本文稿讨论解决信息问题可借鉴和采用的若干政府公共管理制度创新。公共管理包含传统公共管理（公共行政）和现代公共管理两个不同范式。其中,传统公共管理（公共行政）以效率原则为核心价值取向,现代公共管理则应该主要追求公平、正义等民主价值观。全球化发展的一个直接后果就是全球性问题的与日俱增与现有政治实体治理能力的相对滞后之间矛盾的突显,它给公共管理增添了新的内容并提出了新的挑战。全球治理反映了国际公共管理的新趋势。     

国外公共危机管理的经验与启示

公共危机是各国政府面临的重要社会问题，危机带来的灾害给国家和人民造成了巨大的损失。因此，加强对公共危机管理的研究成为国内外政府广泛关注的重要问题。国外政府公共危机管理的先进经验，对我国公共危机管理具有重要的启示意义。     

政府公共体育服务职能实现路径的探析

采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法,界定了政府公共体育服务职能的概念,分析了我国政府公共体育服务职能履行现状及面临的问题,并从中挖掘出政府公共体育服务职能难以实现的主要原因是政府自身体制滞后造成的越位、错位和缺位行为。针对这一现状和问题,借鉴有限政府理论、新公共管理理论和新公共服务理论,对如何实现政府公共体育服务职能进行了深入探析,得出通过改革公共体育服务体制机制、健全公共体育服务体系、创新公共体育服务多元化供给模式的途径来实现政府公共体育服务职能。     

公共部门创新的转型:从政府驱动到多元协作

公民对服务质量要求的提高、政府官员对于公共治理抱负增加以及风险社会的来临等因素推动着公共部门创新活动成为公共管理学界和实践界的迫切议题。随着社会治理主体多元化发展,公共部门创新需要突破传统政府驱动模式,转向多元主体相互协作的网络路径,基于网络治理理论的协作创新管理模式是未来公共部门创新的路径选择。     

地方政府公共项目委托代理结构风险研究的总体框架

政府改革浪潮风起云涌,政府管理工具不断创新,以及项目管理工具存在缺陷成为地方政府公共项目委托代理结构风险研究的背景。目前,学界对于地方政府公共项目的委托代理结构风险管理的研究却还相当薄弱,研究和解决这个问题的思路是从地方政府公共项目委托代理结构风险研究的基本理论→风险识别→风险评价→风险规避4个递进的层面予以展开分析。     

政府绩效要素结构变化的原因分析

政府绩效管理源于政府职能定位、解决财政危机实践的呼唤,以公共选择、新制度经济学等作为理论支撑.而如今,现代政府绩效管理不仅仅在管理主体、管理范围比传统政府绩效管理更加昭显提高公共生产力的管理理念.社会发展使得现代政府绩效管理以服务取向、社会取向、市场取向作为基本的价值取向的基础上,逐渐向责任政府、公平政府、廉洁政府、公益政府演变,这种演变集中体现了政府绩效要素结构变化.本文对绩效概念和要素结构变化的阐述,对这种变化进行了肤浅的原因分析.     

公共选择理论中的官僚理论对我国政府改革的启示

公共选择理论是一个新的研究领域,这种理论的突出特点是以经济学分析方法来研究政治问题.公共选择理论认为,政治决策的主要参与者——官僚,同私人经济中的个人一样是理性的“经济人”,追求个人利益最大化,而政治活动不过是追求个人利益最大化的一种途径.官僚理论从理论上解释了官僚部门缺乏效率的原因,并从不同角度提供了改革思路,这对我国现阶段政府改革具有重要的启发意义.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the