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1.
以分析纯ZrO2和WO3为原料,采用分步固相法合成负热膨胀ZrW2O8粉体和陶瓷.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对产物结构及形貌进行表征,采用3种不同的方法测得ZrW2O8负热膨胀系数,研究了不同测量方法对ZrW2O8负热膨胀系数测量的影响.研究结果表明:合成的产物为单一的立方晶体结构的α-ZrW2O8,采用高温X射线衍射和Power X软件测得样品从室温至600 ℃范围内的平均热膨胀系数为-5.605×10-6 K-1;而采用热膨胀仪测得从室温至600 ℃范围内ZrW2O8陶瓷棒和冷压成型ZrW2O8粉体棒的平均热膨胀系数分别为-10.709×10-6 K-1和-4.490×10-6 K-1,测试方法、致密度和微观结构对样品的负热膨胀系数均有影响.  相似文献   

2.
采用共沉淀法,以硝酸氧锆、钨酸铵和钼酸铵为原料制备了纯度较高的ZrW2-xMoxO8粉体,分别采用热重-差热和X射线衍射分析了W/Mo摩尔比对ZrW2-xMoxO8的结晶行为、晶体结构以及热膨胀性能的影响.结果表明:Mo的掺杂不会影响其热膨胀性能,所得ZrW2-xMoxO8均具有良好的负热膨胀特性,而ZrW2-xMoxO8的室温晶胞参数和合成温度均随着Mo取代量的增加而降低.x<0.5时,ZrW2-xMoxO8室温晶体结构为α-ZrW2O8相,ZrW2O8由氧化物原料在高温反应生成.高温XRD结果表明:ZrW2O8和ZrW1.5Mo05O8在高温会发生α-β相变,负热膨胀系数随之发生明显变化;当x≥0.5时,ZrW2-xMoxO8则由其对应的三方相或单斜相在高温转变而成,如果其室温相为β相,则在高温转变为不具负热膨胀特性的三方相.  相似文献   

3.
一种负热膨胀性材料的物相结构分析   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
用高温固相反应法制备了一种负热膨胀性材料 ,经X射线衍射分析证明为单一物相ZrW2 O8,进而确定了ZrW2 O8为简单立方晶系 .精化的晶胞参数a =0 .92 2 0 0nm ,计算了单位晶胞中含有的ZrW2 O8分子数目Z =4以及平均晶粒尺寸D =79nm、单位晶胞体积V =0 .78378nm3和比表面积S =1.4 9× 10 5cm2 / g等结构参数  相似文献   

4.
以高纯ZrO2和WO3复合氧化物为靶材,采用射频磁控溅射方法在石英基片上制备ZrW2O8薄膜.对不同热处理温度后的薄膜进行XRD分析,结果表明,在650 ℃下薄膜为无定形,ZrW2O8晶化起始温度为650 ℃,当热处理温度高于1 100 ℃时,薄膜主要由ZrO2相组成.进一步采用高温XRD分析薄膜物相,发现在720 ℃时,能获得较纯的ZrW2O8薄膜.根据ZrW2O8晶面(2 1 1)间距随温度变化的结果,计算所制备的薄膜态ZrW2O8的热膨胀系数为-2.54×10-5/℃.SEM分析结果显示在ZrW2O8相所存在的温度范围内,薄膜非常致密而无明显孔洞.  相似文献   

5.
以ZrO2和WO3为原料,通过两步烧结法制备具有负热膨胀性的钨酸锆(ZrW2O8)粉体,利用X射线衍射(XRD)对合成粉体进行分析。在含ZrW2O8粉体的酸性镀铜溶液中进行复合电镀,就电流密度、电镀时间以及添加剂对复合镀层中ZrW2O8粉体含量的影响进行分析,并利用扫描电镜(SEM)对不同条件下镀层表面的微观形貌进行观察与分析。实验结果表明:电流密度控制在2A/dm^2时,镀层中能获得较高的粉体含量;随着电镀时间延长,粉体在镀层中含量呈峰值变化:镀液中添加十六烷基三甲基溴化氨(CTAB)或十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)并不利于复合镀层中ZrW2O8粉体含量的提高。  相似文献   

6.
共沉淀法制备负膨胀系数材料ZrW2O8   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以H2WO4和ZrOCl2·8H2O为原料,先采用共沉淀法制备出前驱物,再加热合成出了ZrW2O8粉末. 用X射线衍射(XRD)对合成粉末进行物相分析,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析粉末形貌,用差热-热重分析确定合成温度. 结果表明:溶液pH值控制在2~3范围内,溶液中Zr4 和WO2-4能同时发生沉淀;所得前驱物在1 200 ℃反应1 h,所得产物相主要为ZrW2O8,其粒度在100 nm左右,且分布均匀.  相似文献   

7.
采用传统熔体冷却方法,研究以TiO2为成核剂、以Li2O Al2O3 SiO2为基础组成的玻璃的制备工艺;根据差热分析(DTA)的结果确定玻璃的核化与晶化温度,然后针对基础玻璃组成,采用二步热处理方法获得透明的微晶玻璃;用X射线衍射分析(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对晶化试样的物相和显微结构进行研究;用热膨胀仪测定玻璃在热处理前、后的热膨胀系数;用绝缘电阻测试仪测试该微晶玻璃的电阻率.研究结果表明:微晶玻璃的主晶相为Al2O3·TiO2微晶体,次晶相为ZnSiO3;微晶玻璃与硅片有相近的热膨胀系数,约为32.5×10-7/℃;微晶玻璃晶化后的电阻率较低,为6.8×1010Ω·cm.  相似文献   

8.
采用共沉淀法成功制备了纯度较高的各向同性的负热膨胀材料β-ZrWMoO8.将ZrO2与β-ZrWMoO8按一定比例机械混合,在1 020 ℃烧结2 h制备了热膨胀系数可控的ZrO2/β-ZrWMoO8复合材料.以X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜对所得材料结构及形貌进行表征,以热膨胀仪测定复合材料热膨胀系数.研究结果表明:在30~600 ℃温度区间内,所得ZrO2/β-ZrWMoO8复合材料的热膨胀系数皆线性一致,并且可以通过改变β-ZrWMoO8的质量分数,将复合材料的热膨胀系数控制为正、负或0.当β-ZrWMoO8的质量分数为50%时,复合材料的热膨胀系数接近0.  相似文献   

9.
ZrW2 O8 是新发现的由 0 3K至分解温度 1 0 5 0K都具有各向同性的负热膨胀化合物 ,但由于其分解温度和窄的热稳定范围反应合成相当困难 .本文综述了氧化物直接合成、微波合成和溶胶 -凝胶法制备ZrW2 O8以及单晶ZrW2 O8的生长方法 ,讨论了ZrW2 O8的特性 ,介绍了其负膨胀机理和潜在的应用  相似文献   

10.
环氧树脂/ZrW2O8封装材料的制备及其性能   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
将负热膨胀材料ZrW2O8粉体按一定质量比例与E-51环氧树脂混合,制备电子封装材料.测定了不同比例下封装材料的线膨胀系数、玻璃化温度、抗拉与弯曲强度、吸湿率和耐腐蚀性能.研究结果表明:采用超声波处理,可使ZrW2O8粉体均匀分散在环氧树脂E-51基体中.随着ZrW2O8质量分数的增加,封装材料的线膨胀系数下降,玻璃化温度升高,拉伸、弯曲强度与抗吸湿性提高;当ω(E-51)∶ω(ZrW2O8)=3∶2时,封装材料的耐酸性腐蚀较好,而耐碱性腐蚀的能力较差.  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

14.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

15.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

16.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

17.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

18.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

19.
AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…  相似文献   

20.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

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