基于多任务贝叶斯压缩感知的宽带频谱检测

针对认知无线网络中主用户信号在空频域的稀疏性,基于贝叶斯压缩感知(BCS)的信号重构通过层次化贝叶斯分析分级先验模型获得稀疏信号估计.将贝叶斯压缩感知应用于认知无线电宽带压缩频谱检测,利用多认知用户感知信号的时空相关性实现在多用户多任务传输条件下的稀疏信号重构与宽带压缩频谱检测.研究了基于期望最大化算法和相关向量机模型的多任务BCS参数估计.仿真结果表明:相比于传统单任务BCS重构方法,多任务BCS在节点能耗与网络带宽受限的条件下,通过对估计参数的合理优化,在较低压缩比区域可实现重构均方误差的快速收敛,且检测性能随着任务数的增加而提高.当感知数据相关性从25%增加到75%,且任务数一定时,所提方法的重构观测数明显下降,宽带频谱检测性能显著提高.     

一种改进的迭代硬阈值算法

压缩感知重构算法直接影响信号重构速度和效果。迭代硬阈值(IHT)算法具有重构速度快的优点,但是其重构精度不高。提出一种改进的迭代硬阈值(MIHT)算法,在迭代硬阈值算法的基础上引入压缩采样匹配追踪(CoSaMP)算法中原子回溯的思想,保证每次迭代都能找到正确的索引集,提高算法的重构精度。Matlab仿真结果表明,本文提出的算法在重构精度上明显优于迭代硬阈值算法,而在迭代次数和重构时间上明显低于压缩采样匹配追踪算法。     

基于多任务贝叶斯压缩感知的探地雷达成像算法

针对步进频率连续波探地雷达(SFCW-GPR)目标成像空间的联合稀疏性,在基于稀疏贝叶斯压缩感知(BCS)成像的基础上,提出了多任务贝叶斯压缩感知(MT-BCS)算法;针对不同的任务,采用一种通用的先验层次贝叶斯模型,该算法能在有限观测数据条件下,通过利用每组观测数据之间的相关性,使得从较少的随机样本中恢复原始信号;该算法对每组任务的重构都是独立的,在充分利用观测数据的相关性的同时,又可以保留各自数据的特性,实现各组观测数据之间信息共享;仿真结果表明,MT-BCS的重构性能良好,在相同条件下MT-BCS算法的重构效果优于BCS算法所得到的重构效果。     

基于信号空间压缩感知算法的机械故障诊断

为了解决压缩感知（CS）重构算法通过重构稀疏系数求解原始信号的重构精度不高的问题,提出一种基于信号空间的压缩采样匹配追踪算法。首先在冗余字典中求解原始信号的最优表示空间,然后在最优表示空间中利用迭代算法直接求解原始信号,最后以轴承故障振动信号为例进行实验验证。结果证明本文算法提高了信号的重构精度,可以为增强机械振动信号的故障检测能力提供依据。     

基于ITCSAMP的周期非均匀采样与重构

根据周期非均匀采样的特点,结合联合子空间理论,将信号采样与重构转化为向量运算.并针对自然界中的稀疏信号,结合压缩传感理论,提出采用阈值迭代压缩采样匹配追踪(ITCSAMP)重构算法进行信号重构,并分析了其完整重构条件.最后,借助软件(Matlab)搭建模型,验证该算法可以很好实现稀疏信号的周期非均匀采样与重构.     

基于压缩感知的图像稀疏表示和重构

在信号可稀疏表示的基础上,压缩感知理论将数据的采集和压缩集于一身,从较少的观测值中重构出原始信号,突破了以奈奎斯特采样定理为基础的传统采样方式的局限性,降低了对信号采样率的要求.首先介绍了压缩感知的基本理论和各类重构算法,并在时间复杂度和重构精度上对算法作出分析比较,然后基于压缩感知理论综述图像稀疏表示和重构算法的研究进展及其相关方面的应用,最后对压缩感知在稀疏表示和重构方面作出了总结和展望.     

贝叶斯压缩感知稀疏信号重构方法研究

讨论了贝叶斯框架下压缩感知稀疏信号重构的方法,描述了基于非参数方法构建压缩感知字典的过程.实验结果表明:基于贝叶斯方法的压缩感知算法能够对单元脉冲信号进行较好重构,且与其他算法相比具有更小的重构误差.最后对贝叶斯压缩感知的发展进行展望.     

修正的迭代近似梯度投影算法在压缩感知中的应用

通过设计一种新的Hessian矩阵的近似,得到函数在当前迭代点的二次近似模型,并利用该模型与延迟策略得出一种新步长.结合新步长,提出一种求解压缩感知中稀疏信号重构问题的修正迭代近似梯度投影算法,并给出收敛性证明.实验结果表明,该算法不仅能较好地恢复原始信号中的非零元素,有效地重构信号,而且与经典算法相比,重构效率较高.     

稀疏线性预测字典在语音压缩感知中的应用

压缩感知理论框架可以同时实现信号的采样和压缩,将压缩感知应用于语音信号处理是近年来的研究热点之一.本文根据语音信号的特点,采用K-SVD算法获得稀疏线性预测字典,作为语音信号的稀疏变换矩阵.高斯随机矩阵用于原语音信号的采样从而实现信号的压缩,最后通过正交匹配追踪算法(OMP)和采样压缩匹配追踪算法(Co Sa MP)将已采样压缩的语音信号进行信号重构.实验考察了待处理语音信号帧的长度、压缩比,稀疏变换字典以及压缩感知重构算法等因素对语音压缩感知重构性能的影响,结果表明,基于数据集训练的稀疏线性预测字典相比传统解析构造的离散余弦变换字典,对语音的重构性能具有0.6 d B左右的提升.     

一种基于压缩感知的图像去马赛克算法

文中提出了一种基于分块压缩感知的图像去马赛克算法.该算法首先将Bayer色彩滤镜阵列采样值等效为压缩感知理论中感知矩阵采样所得的压缩数据.其次通过结合Bayer色彩滤镜阵列自身特点训练分块稀疏字典.最后在训练所得稀疏字典的基础上利用分块压缩感知重构算法便可精确重构出Bayer色彩滤镜阵列采样结果.由于训练所得稀疏字典能有效降低与Bayer色彩滤镜采样阵列之间的相关性,因此文中所提出的图像去马赛克算法能有效对单一Bayer色彩滤镜阵列采样值进行重构.通过实验验证表明：新的图像去马赛克算法明显优于传统插值算法,重构所得彩色图像在去除假色影响的同时能完整保留原始图像的细节信息.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the