矿山测量技术创新与采空区稳定性数字化过程监控

矿山测量是一门技术科学，应用领域十分广泛，涉及到矿山生产的各个阶段，应用于矿区生产与管理的各个环节，而且实践中的新问题总在不断产生，并要求有效的解决办法，如何在已有的软硬件设施的基础上，通过技术的改革和发展科学并高效地解决出现的问题，就要求进行技术创新。本文借鉴近几年对采空区动力破坏过程监测与预报研究和矿山应用事例以及一些重要因素的分析，阐述矿山测量技术创新以及采空区动力灾害过程监控的数字化理念。     

西部矿山大尺度采空区衍生动力灾害控制

西部矿山大尺度采空区衍生动力灾害是目前煤矿开采中面临的最大技术难题.为了给采取合理有效的防灾措施提供科学依据,对采空区衍生动力灾害主要特征、形成原因以及衍生灾害的实质等进行详细阐述.通过数字化监测与预防分析可以控制采空区衍生动力灾害有效方法.     

采空区动力灾害监测的非平衡信号的子波变换分析

子波变换分析对大采空区动力灾害声发射监测的信号特征分析有很大的优势,本文尝试将子波变换技术应用在采空区动力学破坏监测的非稳态信号分析中.基于现场的工程分析与评价,结合统计力学的理论,对大采空区围岩非稳态破坏位置进行了统计推断以及对断裂位置正确定位.这为工程信号中奇异点的探测与识别和矿山采空区动力灾害声发射监测信号识别提供先进、可行的测试手段.     

矿山测量现状及发展研究

矿山测量是矿山生产的基础工作,贯穿于煤矿建设和生产的整个过程,是保障煤矿安全生产的一项十分重要的工作.结合矿山测量的意义以及矿山测量的常用方法,对矿山测量的现状进行了简要的分析.结合我国现阶段矿山测量水平对矿山测量的发展方向作了进一步的介绍.矿山测量技术的不断发展,不仅能够很大程度上提高矿山测量工作的效率,同时也能够提高矿山测量工作的精度,为矿山的安全生产提供有力的保障.随着各种技术的不断发展与成熟,我国矿山测量将实现跨越式的发展,从而大大提高国内煤矿生产的安全性.     

基于地质统计学的采空区储量估算

采空区是固体矿产开采过程中已被开挖的所留下的采场、硐室等,采空区的储量编录是矿山储量动态管理的基本要求,准确的储量计算结果可有效指导矿山后续的生产工作,提高经济效益,但目前国内各矿山大多采用简单的几何计算方法求取采空区储量,无法准确、客观地评估矿山的资源储量情况,为了精确估算采空区储量,以新疆某矿区为例,首先分析了适合建立采空区的三维模型方法,以及固体矿产储量估算中采空区建模的2种方式:剖面法和中段法;建立模型后,将基于地质统计学建立的矿体三维模型和采空区模型进行布尔求交,根据切割后模型,体积加权计算采空区储量;最后通过实例对比采空区和剖面法三维矿体模型求交结果的储量信息,验证了基于地质统计学计算储量结果更为接近实际勘探储量,这对于矿山的数字化动态管理,矿山开采具有指导意义。     

基于FLAC3D-RSM的采空区失稳概率分析及验证

 针对某矿山开采后存在大量残留采空区容易导致安全生产事故的工程实际,为了准确判定这些采空区的稳定性情况,以该矿山54-6^#采空区为例,运用Midas前处理功能生成网格模型导入到FLAC^3D进行数值分析,并结合计算响应面法(RSM),对采空区发生失稳破坏的可能性进行综合分析,结果表明该采空区存在失稳风险。然后对该空区进行先后两次精密探测,将两次测量的空区模型进行差异分析,验证了数值分析和失稳概率分析结论的正确性。本文对矿山其他的残留采空区的稳定性的评价找到一种可靠方法,对矿山的安全生产具有一定的指导意义。     

中小型金矿山采空区处理方案

以某典型中小型金矿山的采空区为研究背景,结合空区特点提出了封堵治理方案,矿山严格按着设计方案进行操作,可以满足安全要求,对类似矿山有一定的指导作用.取得以下结论:(1)总结分析了矿山开采空区现状与地质及水文开采技术条件.(2)对现有采空区的安全隐患进行了分析评价.(3)提出了在地表修建护栏网、井下废弃巷道进行封闭等措施的空区处理方案.(4)制订了封堵过程中安全技术措施,并从地压管理、通风等方面给出了安全防范措施.     

基于Mathews稳定图法的采空区稳定性评价

针对赤峰红岭铅锌矿多年开采遗留下的80个未处理的采空区问题,通过对该矿山工程地质调查、矿岩力学试验,获取了表征矿山岩体质量的多种指标.依据获取的矿岩力学指标,利用Mathews稳定图法计算出试验采空区的稳定数和水力半径,并通过重新绘制的Mathews稳定图和等概率图的合成图,评价出采空区的稳定性以及稳定概率.利用FLAC~(3D)对试验采空区进行数值模拟,结果与利用Mathews稳定图法评价的结果一致.对不稳定采空区进行了参数优化,并对不稳定采空区提出了支护措施.可通过该方法对红岭铅锌矿所有采空区进行评价,并可为类似矿山提供参考.     

基于采空区深度变化磁梯度测量磁场信息的仿真

利用超导量子干涉磁力仪,针对矿山采空区磁法探测。根据基本的磁场环境建立数学模型并进行仿真计算,预测在发现采空区上磁梯度测量相对于总磁场强度和分量测量具有探测深度上的优势。总结了以采空区的深度作为变量进行仿真计算的过程,验证了梯度测量的计算结果在1 000 m的深度拥有更好的辨识度,能够反映磁异常信息作为实际探测的应用。     

地下金属矿采空区稳定性监测分析

本文分析了赤峰市白音诺尔铅锌矿采空区的现状与地质概况,确定了采空区的重点监测区域和范围,建立了适合该矿特点的网络监测系统。通过对现场的仔细勘察制定了比较完善的监测设计方案。该方案可满足对采空区自动监测的要求,能够对采空区冒落以及地面沉降(或地表塌陷)等采空区引起的地质灾害进行有效的监测和预警,从而保证矿山的生产安全。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.