汽车防抱制动系统控制理论研究

讨论了汽车防抱制动系统模糊控制器的设计问题，以进一步提高防抱制动系统的制动效果．文中以双参数逻辑门限控制方法为基础提出了新的模糊控制逻辑，设计了基于车轮角加速度的两级模糊防抱控制器；使用Matlab 6．0建立了模糊控制器的仿真模型，并进行了仿真分析．分析结果表明该控制器能有效地适应不同的路况，与传统的控制器相比有更好的鲁棒性和制动效果，具有一定的应用价值．     

高速列车制动系统控制策略的研究

本文对高速列车制动控制系统进行了阐述,提出了在列车制动系统中采用模糊控制策略的方案,并对该模糊控制器进行了系统仿真．得出模糊控制对提高列车制动系统的灵敏性和可靠性具有指导意义。     

基于遗传算法的模糊控制规则优化的研究

模糊控制规则的正确选择是模糊控制器设计的关键,它决定了模糊控制系统的动态、静态性能和控制效果．针对传统的获取控制规则方法的不足,提出了在一个待优化模糊控制器的基础上,采用改进的遗传算法优化其模糊控制规则,从而使经过优化所获得的控制规则更加合理．最后对优化后的模糊控制器进行仿真比较研究,并将其应用于温室,实现温室温度的模糊控制．结果表明模糊控制规则经过优化后的模糊控制器的控制品质有较大的改善和提高．     

ABS整车布置方式对制动性能的影响

为分析防抱死系统的不同控制方式对整车制动性能的影响，基于滑移率的智能权函数模糊防抱死控制思想建立防抱死系统数学模型．通过Matlab／Simulink模决，建立了采用不同ABS控制方式的整车系统模型．利用该模型针对特定的工况进行了整车制动性能的仿真，并给出了ABS的布置方式．结果表明：独立和高选控制的布置方式能够充分利用路面条件进行制动，但车辆的稳定性被破坏；而低选控制方式的制动效能不及上述两种布置方式，但能保证车辆有较好的制动稳定性．     

一种基于GA的模糊神经网络控制器设计及应用

结合模糊控制，神经网络，遗传算法三种方法的优点，提出了一种基于遗传算法的模糊神经网络控制器，并分析了其网络结构和离线学习的方法，遗传算法基于全局优化策略，避免了反向传播学习算法易陷入局部最优的缺陷，仿真实验和在汽车防抱死制动系统中的应用表明这种控制方案是有效的，可行的。     

基于遗传算法的多变量模糊控制器的设计方法

针对多变量模糊控制器提出了一种基于遗传算法的模糊控制规则设计方法．该方法可以同时确定并优化多变量模糊控制器的结构和推理规则,适合于对一大类复杂非线性对象的控制．数值仿真研究表明,文中提出的设计方法是可行的     

汽车巡航智能跟随控制与仿真

为提高汽车行驶的主动安全性及缓解司机驾驭汽车的疲劳感,提出了汽车巡航智能跟随控制方法.应用模糊控制理论,以前车和巡航车间理论安全距离与实际相对距离偏差及两车速度偏差作为控制变量,设计智能巡航模糊逻辑控制器,将油门开度或制动踏板行程作为控制器输出变量,实现汽车巡航的智能跟随控制.利用Matlab/Simulink针对智能跟随控制功能实施了仿真验证,结果表明:设计的智能巡航模糊控制器能够有效地跟随前方车辆行驶并始终保持两车间的安全距离,说明该控制器具备较强的鲁棒性.     

模糊控制在热电厂尖峰加热器温度控制中的应用

针对热电厂供热系统尖峰加热器温度控制的现状。提出了一种智能控制的方法——温度的模糊控制，采用遗传算法寻优隶属函数参数，利用自组织近邻聚类法处理输入输出数据对，结合数据产生模糊规则和语言规则的方法得到模糊规则．仿真结果表明，所设计的模糊控制器控制性能可达到预定的效果。     

电磁旋转涡流制动器制动力矩控制

研究了电磁旋转涡流制动器制动力矩控制方法。利用磁路分析法得到了制动力矩的计算公式,以及制动力矩与励磁电流及列车速度的数学关系,从而确定制动力矩控制系统的总体方案,阐述系统工作原理,说明系统各主要组成模块,建立其仿真模型,并根据系统总体方案完成模块集成。介绍了PID(比例-积分-微分)控制、模糊控制、模糊自适应PI控制3种制动力矩控制算法,说明控制器设计步骤。完成仿真计算,并对结果进行对比分析。结果表明,相对于开环控制,3种控制算法都能有效地控制制动力矩。此外,无论是系统瞬态性能指标,还是稳态性能指标,都是模糊自适应PI控制表现最佳,模糊控制次之,PID控制相对最差。     

基于无人机的大气污染物模糊控制溯源算法的仿真实现

针对无人机的大气污染物溯源问题,提出了一种基于无人机的大气污染物模糊控制溯源算法。该算法结合无人机与模糊控制的特点,根据无人机实际所处环境设计一个模糊控制器并确定模糊控制器的输入、输出变量,模仿人脑的思维构建了模糊控制规则库,从而实现了无人机对大气污染物的智能溯源。算法在MATLAB环境中进行了仿真实验,仿真结果表明了该算法的有效性和可行性,为解决大气污染物溯源问题提供了一种新的思路。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。