Ti-MO低碳超高强钢中相间析出强化

在不同温度下对Ti-Mo低碳钢进行等温转变,对热轧板进行力学性能检测,利用扫描电镜、透射电镜、选区电子衍射等方法进行组织观察,同时分析了相间析出粒子的形貌、尺寸和分布规律.结果显示,随着等温温度降低,钢的强度提高,延展性降低,屈强比增大.在透射试样中观察到两种不同形态分布的相间析出碳化物:平面型相间析出和曲面型相间析出.相间析出碳化物的平均直径为4.30nm,平均纵横比为1.375.在650℃等温保温1 h时,相间析出强化对铁素体相强度的增量在400MPa以上.     

Nb-V低碳微合金钢等温淬火过程析出行为

利用透射电镜和纳米压痕仪对Nb-V低碳微合金钢中纳米碳化物的析出行为进行研究.研究结果表明,在700℃等温60min试样中,可同时观察到相间析出和弥散析出,在其余试样中均未观察到相间析出,此规律可以通过相变过程中的扩散准则和台阶机制来解释.另外,纳米压痕结果显示在600℃等温20min试样中,平均硬度为3.87GPa,650℃等温20min试样中,平均硬度为4.10GPa,且通过TEM观察可以看出,650℃等温20min中试样析出物数量密度较大且分布均匀.利用Ashby-Orowan机制对析出强化量进行计算,可以得出在650℃等温20min试样中,析出强化对整个屈服强度的贡献量可以达到110MPa.     

新型钴基高温合金γ和γ′相行为的热力学分析

采用热力学分析方法,对新型钴基高温合金Co-Ni-Al-W-Cr多元系中γ′相的析出规律进行了研究,分析了合金元素Ni,Al,W在γ和γ′相间的分配行为,阐述了Ni在γ和γ′相间的分配系数对合金强化效果的影响规律.结果表明:合金元素Ni明显提高γ′相热力学稳定性,随Ni含量的增加,γ′相的成分范围扩大,定存在温度提高,说明Ni有利于提高Co-Al-W基高温合金的高温性能;计算分析了合金元素在γ和γ′相间分配行为及其对合金强化的影响规律.探明Co-Ni-Al-W-Cr合金中x(Al)/x(W)对合金元素Ni的分配系数KγN′i/γ影响较大,当Al,W原子分数比值为2.60时,KγN′i/γ达到最...     

Thermodynamic Analysis of γ and γ＇ Phases in New-Type Co- Based Superalloy

采用热力学分析方法,对新型钴基高温合金Co-Ni-Al-W-Cr多元系中γ′相的析出规律进行了研究,分析了合金元素Ni,Al,W在γ和γ′相间的分配行为,阐述了Ni在γ和γ′相间的分配系数对合金强化效果的影响规律.结果表明：合金元素Ni明显提高γ′相热力学稳定性,随Ni含量的增加,γ′相的成分范围扩大,定存在温度提高,说明Ni有利于提高Co-Al-W基高温合金的高温性能;计算分析了合金元素在γ和γ′相间分配行为及其对合金强化的影响规律.探明Co-Ni-Al-W-Cr合金中x（Al）/x（W）对合金元素Ni的分配系数KγN′i/γ影响较大,当Al,W原子分数比值为2.60时,KγN′i/γ达到最大.所获结果为研发新型钴基高温合金提供了数据支持.     

γ-Fe2O3/Au核壳型纳米粒子制备与表征

以化学还原法制备得到了γ-Fe2O3/Au核壳型纳米粒子,采用紫外可见吸收光谱、X射线衍射和透射电镜对复合纳米粒子的光学性质和形态进行表征,同时利用小角X射线散射技术分析了粒子的粒径与界面结构.     

含铜无取向电工钢中析出相及其析出机理

研究了含铜低碳低硅无取向电工钢中的析出相及其析出机理.由能谱(EDS)及选区电子衍射(SAED)分析可知,铁素体基体上存在的大量弥散分布的等轴状析出相为类B2结构的铜.这些铜析出相的析出机理可以是一般析出、位错析出、台阶机理相间析出和弓出机理相间析出:一般析出在550、650和750℃三个等温温度均可发生;位错析出只发生在较低的等温温度(550℃),此时析出相呈特殊的平行短列状;台阶机理相间析出也可在上述三个等温温度下发生,但650℃等温时最有利于台阶机理相间析出,此时析出相平直列状分布;弓出机理相间析出只发生在较高的等温温度(750℃),析出相弯曲列状分布.     

低合金钢(10MOWVNb)中γ/α相界面沉淀及位错碳化物

本文选用薄晶体透射电镜法及x射线衍射定量相分析法研究10MOWVNb抗氢钢在γ→α转变过程中碳化物析出规律,观察到碳化物主要以相间沉淀,纤维状生长及位错上析出三种方式形成,通过对碳化物固溶温度估算及x射线定量相分析,进一步阐明在所给条件下析出的碳化物主要为V_4C_3。 运用晶界相对入射电子束倾斜能显示二维晶界面特征方法,验证了Honeycombe提出的有关相间沉淀碳化物生核、长大的观点。 文中对高温回火过程中,碳化物可能以恒温相间沉淀方式析出进行了初步探讨。     

CSP生产Ti微合金化高强钢中纳米碳化物

采用光学金相、电子显微术和化学相分析的方法并结合热力学计算,分析了紧凑式带钢生产(CSP)的Ti微合金化高强钢中的析出物及其析出规律.研究发现:高强钢中存在微米尺寸的立方TiN析出和大量纳米尺寸的析出物粒子;钢中MX相(M=Ti,Mo,Cr;X=C,N)的质量分数为0.0927%,其中10 nm以下的析出物占26.9%;均热之前和均热过程TiN已基本全部析出,连轧前TiC不具备析出的热力学条件;降低钢中N和S含量、严格控制卷取温度可增加TiC的体积分数,降低γ→α相变温度可以阻止细小碳化物长大.结果表明,析出物总的沉淀强化效果约为156 MPa,并能通过化学成分和工艺的控制进一步增强.     

FGH95合金再结晶界面与晶内析出γ相的作用

研究了高体积百分数γ相强化的粉末镍基高温合金在形变过程中发生再结晶行为，实验表明：在γ相溶解温度以上再结晶以应变诱发界面迁移方式进行，在γ溶解温度以下，γ相再结晶以亚晶粒粗化形核方式进行，在γ相再结晶的内界面上可能发生γ相的分解和随后的再析出，计算了γ相再结晶内界面迁移激活能为635kJ/mol。     

FGH95合金再结晶界面与晶内析出γ′相的作用

研究了高体积百分数γ＇相强化的粉末镍基高温合金在形变过程中发生再结晶行为。实验表明:在γ＇相溶解温度以上再结晶以应变诱发界面迁移方式进行。在γ＇溶解温度以下,γ相再结晶以亚晶粒粗化形核方式进行。在γ相再结晶的内界面上可能发生γ＇相的分解和随后的再析出。计算了γ相再结晶内界面迁移激活能为635kJ/mol     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.