用于文本分类的快速KNN算法

KNN(k Nearest Neighbor)算法是一种简单、有效、非参数的文本分类方法.传统的KNN方法有着样本相似度计算量大的明显缺陷,使其在具有大量高维样本的文本分类中缺乏实用性.提出了一种快速查找精确的k个最近邻的TKNN(Tree-k-Nearest-Neighbor)算法,该算法建立一棵用于查找的树,加速k个最近邻的查找.首先以整个样本集合中心为基准,按照距离中心的距离将所有样本进行排序,并等分L组,作为根结点的孩子,每个孩子以同样方式处理,直到每组样本数量在[k,2k]间为止.根据这棵树查找k个最近邻,减小了查找范围,极大地降低了相似度计算量.     

基于粗糙KNN算法的文本分类方法

在文本分类中,数据规模过大或文本分布不均匀对传统KNN算法的准确率和效率具有重要影响。为了解决该问题,文章提出一种基于粗糙KNN(k-nearest neighbor)算法的文本分类新方法。首先引入粗糙集中的上下近似概念定义各类文本的上下近似空间,将文本向量空间分为核心和混合2大区域;然后改进传统KNN算法的隶属度函数;再针对不同的文本区域,采取差异化的分类策略以提高分类的效率和准确率。实验表明,基于粗糙KNN算法的文本分类方法在提高分类准确率的同时,分类的效率也有很大提高。     

基于改进K最近邻算法的中文文本分类

针对文本分类存在的高维文本问题,提出文档频率(DF)-卡方统计量特征提取方式,对特征项进行有效约减,降低文本维度,提高分类精度.在K最近邻(KNN)算法的基础上,针对待分类文本需要和大量训练集样本进行相似度计算的问题,提出一种基于分组中心向量的KNN算法,对类别内的样本集分组求出各组中心向量,使其重新代表训练库计算相似度,降低计算复杂度,提升算法的分类性能.通过实验表明:相较传统KNN算法,改进的算法在准确率、召回率及F值方面都有提升,与其他分类算法相比,具有一定的优势.     

基于粗糙集与KNN的Web文本分类的研究

为了从海量的信息资源库中快速、准确地进行分类并提取出有用的信息,提出了一种基于粗糙集和KNN混合的Web文本分类模型。利用粗糙集的属性约简理论降低了文本分类过程中的向量维数,使用一种基于分明矩阵的属性约简算法,特征选择过程采用互信息量计算方法,并对该混合算法进行了实验,同时结合传统的KNN方法对该混合算法进行比较,验证该算法的可行性。     

一种基于改进KNN的哈萨克语文本分类

将文本分类理论应用于哈萨克语中,给出了哈萨克语文本预处理过程.介绍一种改进的KNN算法,并结合自己构建的哈萨克语料集实现基于改进KNN算法的哈萨克语的文本分类.仿真实验数据表明,该方法在哈萨克语的文本分类上获得了较好的效果.     

一种新颖的基于马氏距离的文本分类方法的研究

KNN(k最近邻算法)是文本挖掘领域最成熟最简单的分类方法之一.该方法对文本分类中的距离参数的选取敏感,错误的选择将导致分类精度降低,影响最终分类效果,该缺陷限制了KNN分类器在文本数据挖掘中的应用.因此,本文将马氏距离引入到文本分类领域,并将其与KNN算法相结合,提出了一种基于马氏距离的新的文本分类方法(Mahala...     

小样本不平衡设备数据下的机器学习策略研究

针对小样本数据样本容量不足与分布不平衡的设备寿命预测问题,构建基于改进SMOTE算法与改进KNN(K-NearestNeighbor)算法联合优化模型。首先,设置噪声比例系数β排除样本数据中的噪声,随后通过类B-SMOTE(Borderline-SMOTE)算法与传统SOMTE算法结合构建改进SMOTE（ISMOTE）算法对存在分布问题的少数类样本进行新增优化,避免因为样本分布不平衡以及样本数量较少引起的偏差。其次,针对分类过程中边界模糊的样本点,通过利用粒子群算法寻求每个样本种类中心点并计算样本距离均值建立分隔阈值$ \stackrel{-}{d} $,对阈值范围内的样本点利用“投票法”判断样本种类,规避KNN算法在处理数据时因为不同种类样本混合而出现误差的问题。最后,通过利用美国卡特彼勒公司液压泵状态数据以及凌津滩水电站水导轴承振动数据进行仿真,算例证明上述两种改进算法在面对小样本不平衡设备数据时可以准确分析设备运行状态以及预测设备未来健康发展趋势。     

基于密度的KNN分类器样本裁剪算法

KNN算法在分类准确率和召回率方面具有较好的性能,但由于样本相似度计算开销大,导致分类效率低.针对此问题,本文提出一种基于密度的训练样本裁剪算法,对训练样本的各个样本类进行聚类,根据密度不同聚集成不同的簇,删除噪声数据并计算每个样本类的相似度阈值,然后将样本类内大于类相似度阈值的样本进行合并,以减少训练样本总数.实验表明,此样本裁剪算法能够在保持KNN算法分类性能基本稳定的前提下,实现各个样本类内高相似度样本的合并,减少分类计算开销.     

一种基于SVM-修正KNN算法的哈萨克语文本分类

为了实现哈萨克语文本分类,根据哈萨克语语法规则,给出了哈萨克语文本词干的提取方法;结合DFR特征选择方法和VSM文本表示模型实现哈萨克语文本的预处理,提出了一种SVM和修正KNN协同的文本分类算法,分别在自行构建的语料集和整理的《新疆日报》哈萨克语数据集上进行大量文本分类仿真实验.结果表明,该方法在哈萨克语文本分类上具有良好的分类性能,并比SVM,KNN的测试性能优越.     

基于概率模型LVQ的改进KNN分类新方法

KNN是基于实例的算法,对于大规模样本算法分类性能不高.针对这一缺点,提出一种基于概率模型的学习矢量量化神经网络的改进KNN分类新方法.考虑到最优参考点训练的重要性,结合概率方法得到最佳参考点的判断准则函数,采用梯度下降最优化算法利用LVQ训练参考点的最佳位置.在对未知样本进行分类时选出样本x的K个近邻,采用"投票选举"机制最后判断样本x的所属类别.新方法减少KNN的计算复杂度和时间,弥补了KNN在处理大规模数据问题上的不足.在UCI中数据集上的仿真实验表明改进算法的可行性.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.