海洋真菌抗氧化活性物质的初步研究

采用化学发光法对81株分离自深海沉积物的真菌和93株红树林的内生真菌进行抗氧化活性物质的筛选.结果表明,供测菌株中有7株深海真菌、1株红树林内生真菌对于活性氧具有抑制作用,占供测菌株的4.60%.在7株深海真菌中有3株对羟基自由基和过氧化氢均表现出了较好的抑制作用.进一步采用化学发光法和DPPH法追踪上述3株深海真菌(114、115、134)发酵产物的水溶性聚糖和有机相中的抗氧化活性物质,发现有机相表现出较好的抗氧化活性,3株真菌的IC50分别是:1.92、55.55和11.23μg/mL(.OH);1.45、13.79和72.29μg/mL(H2O2);112.45、58.87和169.39μg/mL(DPPH);而水相中的水溶性聚糖也具有不同程度的抗氧化活性.海洋真菌是产生抗氧化活性物质的重要资源.     

红树林共生真菌Paecilomyces sp.Tree 1-7 代谢产物的研究

Paecilomyces sp.Tree 1-7是一株采自台湾海峡的红树林共生真菌。用硅胶柱色谱及重结晶等方法,并根据理化性质和光谱数据对该菌的代谢产物进行了研究,从菌丝体中分离鉴定出三个化合物,分别为alatern in(1),5,8-二羟基-4-甲基-香豆素(2),3-羟基-3,6-二甲基-2,5-哌嗪(3)。对1进行了抗人的肝癌细胞hepG2及抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的活性测试,结果显示,化合物1有较强的抗肿瘤活性(IC50=7.0μg/mL),及很好地抑制AChE活性(IC50=0.87μg/mL)。     

海洋木栖真菌抗肿瘤活性及其营养条件的影响

对从厦门海沧及漳州浮宫的红树林生态区分离到的177株海洋木栖真菌用MTT法进行抗肿瘤活性的测定，获得具有抗肿瘤活性的菌株共44株，占总受试菌株的24．9％，其中对KB瘸株有抑制作用的有12株．对Raji瘤株有抑制作用的菌株有43株，对这两种肿瘤细胞均有抑制作用的菌株有11株．并且考察了其中6株海洋木栖真菌在纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、淀粉和蔗糖为碳源的生物量和抗肿瘤活性。结果表明海洋木栖真菌在不同营养条件下的菌体生物量及代谢产物的抗肿瘤活性均存在差异，部分菌株在纤维素为碳源时，有最高的生物量和抗肿瘤活性，PDB培养基不宜作为抗肿瘤活性测定或生产发酵的基质．     

4种裸子植物内生真菌抗肿瘤菌株的筛选

使用组织块法，从罗汉松、南方豆杉、三尖杉及银杏中分离到112株植物内生真菌；为了得到高活性抗肿瘤菌株，我们使用卤虫（Artemia Sailina）模型进行初筛，得到39株（LD50＞8）高活性菌株（占总分离菌株的34．8％），利用MTT法对具有杀卤虫活性的菌株进行复筛，结果显示9株菌株（占总分离菌株的8．0％），对KB或HL－60细胞具有显著的抑制作用（ID50为80－7290）。罗汉松、南方红豆杉、三尖杉内生真菌的抗肿瘤活性菌株分别占分离菌株的7．4％、11．1％、8．3％，这显示了药用裸子植物内生真菌在抗肿瘤生物活性物质的研究与应用中具有重要的价值。作者还对抗肿瘤筛选的卤虫模型和MTT模型组合应用进行了有益的探讨。     

舟山群岛近海底栖真菌及其抗生活性初筛研究

对分离自舟山群岛海域海底46个沉积物样品中的丝状真菌进行种属鉴定,及其代谢产物抗菌、细胞毒和乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性的检测.结果显示:舟山群岛海域海底沉积物中存在着丰富的真菌资源.46个沉积物样品中,真菌含量最高可达到2 250 CFU/g(样品).在进行活性检测的89份真菌代谢产物中,有29.2%的样品对一株或一株以上的指示细菌有不同程度的抑制作用;各有10%左右的样品对5株植物致病真菌显示抑制作用,有49.4%的样品对白色假丝酵母显示抑制作用,但没有样品对黑曲霉有抑制作用;在细胞毒实验中,分别有2个、4个和12个样品在浓度为25μg/mL时,对KB细胞、Raji细胞和Hep G2细胞的抑制率高于50%;有55个样品显示微弱的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性.通过此次研究,我们对舟山群岛海域的底栖真菌资源有了初步了解,将有助于将来更全面深入的研究.     

白虎头红树林区海泥可培养细菌分离鉴定及其活性研究

【目的】研究北海白虎头红树林区海泥可培养细菌多样性及其代谢产物的生物活性。【方法】采用纯培养法和分子生物学方法对样品中细菌多样性进行研究,利用滤纸片法和卤虫致死法测试其生物活性。【结果】从海泥中分离获得相关可培养细菌17株,选取9个代表性菌株采用16SrRNA基因序列的系统发育分析后发现,其中5株菌属于Firmicutes门,其余4株菌为Proteobacteria门。5株细菌的代谢产物有较好的抑菌活性,2株菌的代谢产物对卤虫致死活性明显,其中1株菌兼具两种活性。【结论】北海白虎头红树林区海泥中的细菌多样性较为丰富,并且部分细菌具有一定的生物活性。     

2种拟青霉代谢产物对烟蚜乙酰胆碱酯酶和羧酸酯酶的影响

 以粉拟青霉菌的sw03032菌株和玫烟色拟青霉菌的sw03085为研究对象,比较其代谢产物的杀蚜虫活性和对烟蚜乙酰胆碱脂酶和羧酸酯酶活性的影响.结果表明2种真菌发酵液含有能毒杀蚜虫的毒素物质.且毒素粗提物浓度越大,杀蚜活性越强.经玫烟色拟青霉菌不同浓度毒素粗提液处理的蚜虫乙酰胆碱酯酶比活力分别比对照(CK2)降低了70.4%～29.8%.不同浓度玫烟色拟青霉菌毒素粗提液处理12h后,蚜虫羧酸酯酶比活力分别比对照(CK2)降低79.5%～44.4%.用不同浓度粉拟青霉菌毒素粗提液处理烟蚜12h后,乙酰胆碱酯酶和酸酸酯酶活性分别降低了38%～18.6%和51.6%～59.5%.玫烟色拟青霉菌的sw03085菌株代谢产物对烟蚜的伤害活性明显较粉拟青霉菌sw03032菌株代谢产物高.     

真菌来源的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂F01-2076A的研究

利用自建的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂的高通量筛选模型,从大量真菌中筛选到1株阳性菌株F01-2076.该菌株的发酵液经有机溶剂提取、硅胶柱层析及HPLC ODS反相柱层析分离,得到1个活性化合物F01-2076A,该化合物对乙酰胆碱酯酶的IC50为23.4μmol/L.通过对该化合物的紫外、质谱、核磁等理化分析,得知该化合物与已知化合物Altenusin结构相同.     

松材线虫拮抗细菌的筛选和鉴定

为了筛选对松材线虫(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)具有较高杀线活性的拮抗细菌,从马尾松林中分离获得了230株细菌,并从中筛选出8株对松材线虫具有较高杀线活性的细菌,其中JK-JS3菌株对松材线虫的杀线活性最高.将该细菌培养滤液分别稀释2倍、4倍、10倍处理松材线虫,72h后线虫的死亡率均达到100%;线虫死亡后虫体消解,消解率分别为100%、97.8%、96.4%.测定了该细菌培养滤液对香蕉穿孔线虫(Radopholus similis)和水稻干尖线虫(Aphelenchoides besseyi)等植物线虫的杀线活性,结果表明对不同种的线虫杀线活性有差异.该菌株培养滤液对松材线虫和小杆线虫(Rhabditis sp.)的杀线活性最高,其余杀线活性从高到低依次为拟松材线虫(Bursaphelenchus mucronatus)、腐生线虫(Panagrellus redivivus)、香蕉穿孔线虫和水稻干尖线虫.形态特征和革兰氏染色观察,该细菌为革兰氏阳性菌、产芽孢、具有周生鞭毛;经Biolog细菌鉴定仪进一步鉴定该细菌为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens).     

牡蛎共生细菌的分离、鉴定及次级代谢产物生物活性研究

对日照海域野生牡蛎共生细菌进行分离鉴定,研究其次级代谢产物的生物活性.采用常规平板分离方法对牡蛎共生细菌进行分离、培养并进行分子生物学鉴定;采用改良Ellman法和DPPH自由基清除法对共生菌的次级代谢产物进行抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)和抗氧化活性筛选.结果表明,从日照海域野生牡蛎中共分离得到62株共生细菌,其中,4株属于孤菌属,6株属于芽孢杆菌属,4株为鲁杰式菌属,3株为黄杆菌属,3株为交替单胞菌属,1株为嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌属,其余均为交替假单胞菌属。共生细菌中对AChE具有较强抑制活性的有13株,尤其是菌株HYML-1-11和HYML-1-62,抑制AChE的IC_(50)值分别为5.01和4.53μg·mL~(-1);具有一定抗氧化活性的有22株,其中HYML-1-6、HYML-1-11、HYML-1-18、HYML-1-24、HYML-1-39、HYML-1-47和HYML-1-62号菌株的次级代谢产物(5μg·mL~(-1))对DPPH自由基的清除率均达40%以上.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.