Species-specific aminoacylation of Oryza sativa mitochondrial tRNA^Trp

Accuracy in protein synthesis is essential to the survival of all organisms. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyzed aminoacylation is the basis of the fidelity of protein synthesis[1]. In recent years, the identification of nucleotide determinants, specific…     

Mg2+对Bloom综合症解旋酶与G4DNA结合的影响研究

利用荧光偏振技术检测了Mg2+对G4DNA、BLM-G4DNA复合物和BLM642-1290解旋酶与G4DNA结合的影响.结果表明,G4DNA荧光偏振值随着Mg2+浓度的增加而增加(P＜0.01);BLM-G4DNA复合物的荧光偏振值随着Mg2+浓度的增加出现下降—升高—下降的变化趋势(P＜0.01);G4DNA与BLM642-1290解旋酶结合的荧光偏振值随着Mg2+浓度的增加而逐渐下降(P＜0.01);分析不同Mg2+浓度下两种分子结合的Kd值,发现Mg2+浓度为3.0 mmol/L时,BLM642-1290解旋酶与G4DNA最容易结合,表明适量Mg2+浓度会促进BLM642-1290与G4DNA的结合,但会引起两种分子结合的形状、流动性和电荷等性质的改变.这些结果可为进一步研究BLM解旋酶对G4DNA的作用机理提供相关资料.     

两种运算下图的Szeged指标和修正Szeged指标的计算

图G的Szeged指标Sz(G)和修正的Szeged指标Sz*(G)分别定义为Sz(G)=Σuv∈E(G)nunv和Sz*(G)=Σuv∈E(G)(nu+n0/2)(nv+n0/2).这里,对于边uv,n0是指图中到u和v距离相等的点数,nu是指图中距u比距v近的点数,nv类似定义.本文给出了强正则图的联图和合成图的Szeged指标和修正Szeged指标的计算公式.     

极度濒危植物猪血木RAPD反应体系的优化

采用改进的CTAB法提取中国特有极度濒危植物猪血木(Euryodendron excelsum H.T.Chang) 嫩叶总DNA,并对其进行RAPD分析.分别检测了模板DNA、引物、dNTP、Mg2+和Taq DNA聚合酶用量对反应结果的影响.筛选并建立了适合于猪血木RAPD扩增的反应体系:总体积25 μL,其中10×PCR 缓冲液(500 mmol/L KCl,100 mmol/L Tris-HCl,110% Triton X-100,20 mmol/L MgCl2) 2.5 μL,引物( 1.5 μmol/L) 0.3 μL,dNTPs (10 mmol/L) 0.5 μL,模板2 μL (25 ng),Taq 酶0.2 μL (0.5 U).     

复合毛毛虫树的优美及奇优美性

对于一棵n阶树T,如果存在一个映射f:V(T)→{0,1,2,…,n-1},对不同的顶点x,y∈V(T),有f(x)≠f(y),且边标号集合{f′(uv)|uv∈E(T)}={1,2,…,n-1},其中f′(uv)=|f(u)-f(v)|,称T为优美树,并称f为T的一个优美标号.利用优美树的定义和性质证明复合毛毛虫树的优美性和奇优美性.     

奇圈、偶圈与轮的多重联图的邻点可区别E-全染色(英文)

G(V,E)是一个简单图,k是一个正整数,f是一个V(G)∪E(G)到{1,2,…,k}的映射,如果uv∈E(G),则f(u)≠f(v),f(u)≠f(uv),f(v)≠f(uv),C(u)≠C(v),其中,C(u)={f(u)}∪{f(uv)|uv∈E(G)},称f是图G的邻点可区别E-全染色,称最小的数k为图G的邻点可区别E-全色数,给出了奇圈、偶圈与轮的多重联图的邻点可区别E-全色数.     

Relationships between endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women

Objective: To investigate the relationships between endothelial nitric oxide synthases (eNOS) G894T and 27 bp-variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) gene polymorphisms and osteoporosis in the postmenopausal women of Chinese Han nationality. Methods: In the present study, 281 postmenopausal women from Xi’an urban area in West China were recruited, and divided into osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal groups according to the diagnostic criteria of osteoporosis proposed by World Health Organization (WHO). The bone mineral density (BMD) values of lumbar vertebrae and left hips were determined by QDR-2000 dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood samples were tested for plasma biochemical indicators including testosterone, estradiol, calcitonin, osteocalcin, and procollagen type I amino-terminal propeptide by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase by spectrophotometric method, and the content of nitric oxide by Griess method. Genome DNA was extracted from whole blood, and G894T polymorphism of eNOS gene was analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method and 27 bp-VNTR polymorphism of eNOS gene was genotyped by PCR method. Then the relationships between genotypes and biochemical indicators, genotypes and osteoporosis, and haplotypes and osteoporosis were analyzed. Results: The average BMD values of the femoral neck, ward’s triangle and lumbar vertebrae 1~4 (L1~L4) in the subjects with T/T genotype in eNOS G894T locus were significantly higher than those in the subjects with G/T and G/G genotypes (P<0.05). The average BMD of the femoral neck in the subjects with a/a genotype of eNOS 27 bp-VNTR locus was evidently higher than that in the subjects with b/b genotype (P<0.05). The plasma testosterone and osteocalcin concentrations in the subjects of eNOS G894T G/T genotype were evidently higher than those in the subjects of other genotypes (P<0.05); the plasma estradiol concentration in the subjects of eNOS 27 bp-VNTR a/a genotype was obviously higher than that in the subjects of b/b genotype (P<0.01). eNOS G/G homozygous frequencies in osteoporosis women, osteopenia women, and normal women were 85.37%, 76.38%, and 83.87%, respectively (P>0.05). 0% osteoporosis woman, 0.79% osteopenia women, and 3.23% normal women were eNOS a/a homozygous (P<0.05). The frequencies of eNOS 27 bp-VNTR a allele were 5.33% in the osteoporosis group, 10.24% in the osteopenia group, and 16.13% in the normal group (P<0.05, odds ratio (OR)=0.29, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.11~0.77), suggesting that a/a genotype and a allele might have protective effects on osteoporosis. The haplotype analysis showed that G-b was 87.7% (214/244) in the osteoporosis group (P<0.05, OR=2.48, 95% CI=1.18~5.18). G-a was 5.3% (13/244) in the osteoporosis group (P<0.05, OR=0.29, 95% CI=0.11~0.77). G-b was a risk factor for osteoporosis, and G-a a protective factor. Conclusion: eNOS G894T G/T genotype influenced the plasma testosterone and osteocalcin concentrations, and T/T genotype influenced BMD. eNOS 27 bp-VNTR a/a genotype increased plasma estradiol concentration to have a protective effect on osteoporosis.     

D（pn）图的邻点强可区别全染色

设f为用k色时G的正常全染色法,对任意的边uv∈E（G）,其端点的色集合满足C（u）≠C（v）,其中C（u={f（u））U{f（v）｜uv∈E（G））U{f（uv）}uv∈E（G））,则称,是G的k邻点强可区别的全染色法（简记作k-AVSDTC）,且称xast（G）=min{k}G的所有k-AVSDTC}为G的邻点强可区别全色数．本文得到D（pn）图的邻点强可区别全色数,其中pn为n阶路．     

Mycielski’s图的Co-PI指标

令G是一个图,u是图G的一个顶点, TG（ u）是图G当中除了u以外的其余顶点到点u的距离之和, T（ u）＝TG（ u）＝∑u∈V dG（u,v）,Co-PI指标定义为：Co -PIv（G）＝∑uv∈E（G） T（ u）-T（ v）。文章给出了一些Mycielski’ s图的Co-PI指标的计算公式。     

Phenotypic analysis of the medullary-type CD4−CD8+ thymocytes in mice

Phenotypic analysis of the medullary-type CD4 CD8⁺ (CD8SP) thymocytes has revealed phenotypic heterogeneity within this cell population. The phenotype of mature peripheral CDS⁺T cells is TCRαβ⁺CD3⁺Qa-2⁺HSA 3G11⁻6C10, whereas in the medullary-type CD8SP thymocytes, 20% are Qa-2⁺; 33%, HAS; 30%, 3G11; and 70% are 6C10. The disparate expression patterns of these four cell surface markers suggest that medullary-type CD8SP thymocytes may undergo phenotypic maturation process. According to the distribution of these four cell surface markers, six subgroups of CD8SP thymocytes have been identified. The precursor-progeny relationship along with developmental pathway is postulated as follows: 6C10⁺HSA⁺3G11 Qa-2→ 6C10⁺HSA⁺ 3G11⁺Qa-2 → 6C10 HSA⁺3G11⁺Qa-2 → 6C10⁻HSA⁻3G11⁺Qa-2 → 6C10⁻HSA⁻3G11 Qa-2 → 6C10⁻HA S 3G11 Qa-2⁺, the cells in the last subgroup exit the thymus and home into periphery.     

Aminoacylation of RNA minihelices with alanine

The genetic code is determined by both the specificity of the triplet anticodon of tRNAs for codons in mRNAs and the specificity with which tRNAs are charged with amino acids. The latter depends on interactions between tRNAs and their charging enzymes, and an advance in understanding such interactions was provided recently by the demonstration that a major determinant of the identity of alanine tRNA is located in the amino-acid acceptor helix. Multiple substitutions in many distinct parts of the molecule do not prevent aminoacylation with alanine. Substitution of the G3.U70 base pair with G3.C70 or A3.U70 in the acceptor helix prevents aminoacylation in vivo and in vitro, however, and the introduction of this base pair into tRNA(Cys) (ref. 1) or tRNA(Phe) (refs 1, 2) enables both to accept alanine. The importance of a single base pair in the acceptor helix and the results of recent footprinting experiments promoted us to investigate the possibility that a minihelix, composed only of the amino-acid acceptor-T psi C helix, could be a substrate for alanine tRNA synthetase. We show here that a synthetic hairpin minihelix can be enzymatically aminoacylated with alanine. Alanine incorporation requires a single G.U base pair, and occurs in helices that otherwise differ significantly in sequence. Aminoacylation can be achieved with only seven base pairs in the helix.     

高矿化度下特殊黏弹性流体的性能评价及驱油机制研究

采用黏度计、流变仪、动态光散射仪和扫描电镜,对交联聚合物凝胶和聚合物溶液的黏度、分子聚集体、分子线团尺寸(Dh)和黏弹性及其影响因素进行研究。采用岩心流动实验和调驱实验装置,评价交联聚合物凝胶的流动性和调剖能力。结果表明:调整溶剂水矿化度、聚合物和交联剂质量浓度可以使聚合物溶液中生成以分子内交联为主的凝胶或以分子间交联为主的凝胶,分子内交联会使交联聚合物凝胶黏弹性大幅度增加,分子间交联对黏弹性影响较小,交联反应先发生分子内交联,然后演变为分子间交联;黏弹性不仅能够提高洗油效率,而且能够提高微观波及系数;与相同质量浓度聚合物溶液相比,分子内交联聚合物凝胶的黏度接近,Dh略大,黏弹性、阻力系数和残余阻力系数明显增大,具有较高的驱油效率。     

Determination of lead isotope compositions of geological samples using femtosecond laser ablation MC-ICPMS

Lead isotopic compositions of international silicate glasses, feldspar and copper-based samples are obtained using femtosecond laser ablation multiple collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (fLA-MC-ICPMS). Some international glass standards for the microanalysis are applied to evaluate the method reported here. The Pb isotopic composition of these NIST glasses (SRM 610, 612, 614), USGS (BHVO-2G, BCR-2G, BIR-1G and GSD-1G) and MPI-DING glasses (GOR132-G, KL2-G, T1-G, StHs60/80-G) agree well with recommended values in 2 s error. One of 15 copper-based metals is found to have homogenized Pb isotope data and can be used as an external calibration standard and quality control sample for chalcopyrite, ancient coins, etc., to trace the genesis of metal deposit and culture exchange among different dynasties (GBW02137, ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 37.9661 ± 0.0005 (2 s), ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 15.5770 ± 0.0002 (2 s), ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 17.7462 ± 0.0002 (2 s)). We also prepared a feldspar glass to serve as the external calibration standard/QC for Pb isotope analysis using fLA-MC-ICPMS.     

Alteration of the specificity ofPst I restriction endonuclease

The influence of factors on the substrate-specificity ofPst I restriction endonuclease has been studied with the method of electrophoresis. The results show that, the specificity ofPst I almost can not be influenced by the single alteration of the concentration of Tris·HCl, Mg²⁺ or Na⁺ in the reaction system, but it can be altered by the reduction of any two of them. The specificity can not be altered by the single alteration of pH or the replacement of Mg²⁺ with Mn²⁺. The addition of glycerol or dimethylsulphoxide (DM-SO) to the reaction system results in the relaxation of the substrate-specificity ofPst I, but dimethyl-methylformide, glycol and ethyl alcohol can not bring about the alteration ofPst I specificity. Through the method of cloning and sequencing, the nucleotides of No. 1 and 6 in the recognition sequence ofPst I have changed (1C→A or 6G→T). Used with the enzyme analysis of an artificially synthetic DNA segment containing a special sequence, the nucleotides of No. 1 and 6 have both changed (1C→A and 6G→T). The recognition sequence ofPst I is speculated to be changed from CTGCA→G to TGCA→. Foundation item: Supported by the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education. Biography: Zou Guo-lin (1947-), male, professor. research direction, biochemistry.     

图K2n\E（Fm）（n≥4,m≥2）的点可区别边染色

对简单图G(V,E),设f是从E(G)到{1,2,…,k}的映射,k为自然数,如果f满足:1)对任意的uv,uw∈E(G),v≠w,有f(uv)≠f(uw);2)对任意的u,v∈V(G),u≠v,有C(u)≠C(v).则称f为图G的k-点可区别边染色法,而最小的k被称为点可区别边色数(其中C(u)={f(uv)|uv∈E(G)}).研究了图K2n\E(Fm)(n≥4,m≥2)的点可区别边色数.     

关于0-可旋转树

得到一种构造0-可旋转树的方法,证明了:若树T(n)和T(m)均为0-可旋转树,则每棵树(T(m)△T(n))uj(j∈[1,n])都是0-可旋转树.确定了无穷多0-可旋转树.     

Effects of Genistein on Cell Cycle and Apoptosis of Two Murine Melanoma Cell Lines

The effects of genistein on several tumor cell lines were investigated to study the effects of gen- istein on cell growth, cell cycle, and apoptosis of two murine melanoma cell lines, B16 and K1735M2. These two closely related murine melanoma cell lines, however, have different responses to the genistein treat- ment. Genistein inhibits the growth of both the B16 and K1735M2 cell lines and arrests the growth at the G2/M phase. After treatment with 60 μmol/L genistein for 72 h, apoptosis and caspase activities were de- tected in B16 cells, while such effects were not found in K1735M2. Further tests showed that after genistein treatment the protein content and mRNA levels of p53 increased in B16, but remained the same in K1735M2. The protein content and mRNA levels of p21WAF1/CIP1 increased in both cell lines after treatment. The results show that genistein might induce apoptosis in B16 cells by damaging the DNA, inhibiting topoi- somerase II, increasing p53 expression, releasing cytochrome c from the mitochondria, and activating the caspases which will lead to apoptosis.     

泛圈图的一个新的充分条件

设G是一个阶为n的2－连通简单图,αv表示G中包含点v的最大独立集的点数,对任意uv不属于E,设Tuv=V\(N(u)∪N（v)),αuv=min{αu,αv}。本文证明了：如果对于任一对不相邻点u,v,｜N（u)∩N(v)｜≥min{αuv-1,｜Tuv｜},则除了一些特殊图外,对于G的任一点x和任意整数k(4≤k≤n),G包含长度为k县包含点x的圈。     

Influence of He-Ne laser irradiation on the excision repair of cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimers in the wheat DNA

Using agarose gel electrophoresis and T4-endodeoxyribonuclease-V, which is a kind of restriction endonuclease of cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimer (CPD), the impacts of He-Ne laser (5 mW · mm⁻²) irradiation on DNA excision repair capacity in damaged wheat cells induced by enhanced ultraviolet-B (10.08 kJ ·m⁻² ·d⁻¹) radiation were studied. The results indicated that the content of endonuclease sensitive sites (ESS) was reduced by He-Ne laser irradiation, which formed in cells irradiated by enhanced ultraviolet-B. With the irradiation of He-Ne laser, the excision of CPDs and the reduction of single strand breaks (SSB) contents which were the endonuclease sensitive sites (ESS) digested by T4-endodeoxyribonuclease-V had been stimulated in the wheat cells.     

罗丹明6G与罗丹明6G酰肼测汞的对比研究

以罗丹明6G(R6G)为原料合成了罗丹明6G酰肼(R6GH),并通过荧光法考察了R6G和R6GH酰肼选择性识别金属离子、适合的缓冲溶液体系、最佳缓冲溶液pH及浓度、R6G和R6GH的浓度、Hg~(2+)的浓度以及阳离子的干扰等七个因素的影响。实验确定了R6G测定Hg~(2+)的最佳条件为:0.01mol/L醋酸缓冲体系(pH=4.60),R6GH测定Hg~(2+)的最佳条件为:0.005 mol/L醋酸缓冲体系(pH=4.60)。通过14种阳离子的干扰实验发现,阳离子对R6G测定Hg~(2+)的影响大于对R6GH测定Hg~(2+)的影响。实验结果表明:R6GH比R6G能更好的识别Hg~(2+),最低检出限为5.0×10~(-12) mol/L。