低渗透油藏压裂水平井产能计算新方法

应用复位势理论和势的叠加原理,推导出考虑裂缝与水平段同时生产的油层中渗流模型;应用流体力学理论、质量守恒定理和动量定理,推导出考虑水平井简沿程油层流体流入和裂缝流体流入的井筒内压降计算模型.在此基础上建立了油层中渗流和井筒内管流耦合的产能模型,并给出其求解方法.实例计算结果与实验结果对比表明,进行压裂水平井生产动态分析时,不能忽略水平井筒沿程油层流体流入的影响;水平井筒内的压力降对产量有一定的影响,水平井筒长度存在最优范围;各条裂缝产量不相等,裂缝条数存在最优范围.     

射孔水平井孔眼分布优化研究

利用油藏流体渗流模型和水平井筒内流体流动模型 ,推导出了油藏井筒流体流动耦合模型 ,在该模型中考虑了两种流动的相互作用和影响。建立了以水平井产量为目标函数、以孔眼分布为决策变量的优化模型 ,将其计算结果与均匀流入剖面、均匀射孔分布的结果进行了对比。由于优化模型中考虑了水平井筒内变质量流的影响 ,从而可为现场水平井的优化设计提供理论依据。     

水平井生产特性及孔眼密度优化分析

建立了考虑油藏流入影响的水平井筒水平段流动模型 ,在给定边界条件下对模型进行了数值求解 ,得到了水平井筒沿程压力分布和流入剖面。推导了均匀流入时压力剖面、单位长度生产指数剖面以及沿水平段的孔眼分布方程 ,并用一个实例计算了在给定井产量和水平段长度时所需要的生产压差。计算结果表明 ,由于井筒中压降的存在 ,油井产量不能随水平段长度的增加而无限增加     

水平井生产特性及孔眼密度优化分析

建立了考虑油藏流入影响的水平井筒水平段流动模型,在给定边界条件下对模型进行了数值求解,得到了水平井筒沿程压力分布和流入剖面。推导了均匀流入时压力剖面、单位长度生产指数剖面以及沿水平段的孔眼分布方程,并用一个实例计算了在给定井产量和水平段长度时所需要的生产压差。计算结果表明,由于井筒中压降的存在,油井产量不能随水平段长度的增加而无限增加。     

分段压裂水平气井产能数值模型建立

随着水平井分段压裂技术在致密气藏开发中广泛应用,压裂后产能的预测对开发此类气藏具有重要意义。应用复位势理论和势叠加原理等基本渗流理论,结合水平井压后裂缝形态和单相气体渗流机理,推导出考虑水平井筒内压降损失时的产能预测新模型。模型综合考虑了多条裂缝间的相互干扰和各条裂缝的长度、缝宽、导流能力、缝间距对各条裂缝产量的影响以及水平井筒内压降损失对产能的影响,建立了考虑多因素的水平气井产能数值模型。编制了模拟计算软件。并以长庆油田某致密气藏区块为例进行了裂缝方案优化设计。研究成果对于低渗致密气藏井网部署及开发方案编制具有一定的指导意义。     

射孔水平井孔眼分布优化研究

利用油藏流体模型和水平井筒内流体流动模型，推导出了油藏－井筒流体流动耦合模型，在该模型中考虑了两种流动的相互作用和影响。建立了以水平井产量为目标函数、以孔眼分布为决策变量的优化模型，将其计算结果与均匀流入剖面、均匀射孔分布的结果进行了对比。由于优化模型中考虑了水平井筒内变质量流的影响，从而可为现场水平井的优化设计提供理论依据。     

水平井筒压降及其对产能影响的研究

根据水平井筒变质量流动特点,建立了水平井筒压力梯度模型,讨论了几种计算井筒压力降的方法.由于沿水平井筒段的压力变化直接影响油藏中的流体沿井筒生产段的流入,引入了考虑井筒压降时水平井产量的估算模型,并针对井筒为无限导流时的产能计算,计算了考虑井筒压降对水平井生产动态的影响.所得结果可为准确估算水平井产量以及合理预测水平井的生产动态提供理论依据.     

水平井筒流体变质量流动压力梯度模型

建立了水平井筒油藏流体从管壁流入时孔眼段流体压力梯度模型 ,讨论了井筒有效管壁摩擦系数对流体压力梯度的影响。在此基础上 ,建立了同时考虑井筒流体流动和油藏渗流的井筒油藏耦合模型 ,该模型将Dikken模型中沿整个水平段单位长度生产指数为常数的假定进行了推广。在给定条件下对压力降模型进行了讨论 ,计算了单个孔眼段的压力损失。计算结果表明 ,水平井段较长或产量较高时 ,水平段流体压力降比较明显。     

水平井筒流体质量流动压力梯度模型

建立了水平井筒油藏流体从管壁流入时孔眼段流体压力梯度模型。讨论了井筒有效管壁摩擦系数对流体压力梯度的影响,在此基础上,建立了同时考虑井筒流体流动和油藏渗流的井筒-油藏耦合模型。该模型将Dikken模型中沿整个水平段单位长度生产指数为常数的假定进行了推广,在给定条件下对压力降模型进行了讨论。计算了单个孔眼段的压力损失。计算结果表明,水平井段较长或产量较高时。水平段流体压力降比较明显。     

多元热流体吞吐水平井热参数和加热半径计算

多元热流体吞吐已成为海上稠油的主要热采方式。为优化注入参数,对水平井井筒沿程热力参数和加热半径进行预测。考虑井筒流动与油层渗流的耦合,建立水平段井筒中多元热流体流动和换热的数学模型。计算多元热流体水平段沿程压力、干度和加热半径分布,分析气体含量、注入速度等因素的影响。结果表明:在注入过程中,水平段沿程压力和蒸汽干度逐渐下降,加热半径呈先下降后上升的"U"型变化;保持其他条件不变,适当降低非凝结气体含量、增大注入流量,有助于扩大加热范围。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.