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1.
低磷胁迫下杉木无性系根系形态及养分利用响应研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
【目的】研究不同杉木无性系苗木在低磷胁迫下的根系形态和养分利用特征,为提高杉木养分利用效率的遗传改良提供参考。【方法】以5个杉木无性系组培苗为材料,采用土壤盆栽实验,设置缺磷(PO,KH_2PO_40 mmol/L)和正常供磷(PN,KH_2PO_41.0 mmol/L)两种改良Hoagland营养液进行浇灌处理,培养60 d后测定其生物量(根、茎、叶)、根系形态参数及其养分(磷、氮、钾、钙、镁)累积量和利用效率。【结果】(1)随施磷水平的变化,杉木无性系的干物质质量和根系形态指标显示出极显著的基因型效应差异。(2)缺磷处理使杉木无性系的根、茎、叶和整株干物质质量分别减少20.06%、20.68%、14.07%和16.78%,根冠比则增加,总根长、总根表面积、总根体积分别增加17.31%、17.69%、24.77%,根平均直径减少8.22%,细根比例显著提高。(3)缺磷使杉木无性系整株磷累积量减少17.91%,而磷利用效率呈上升趋势,同时磷在根系中的含量降低16.35%,但茎、叶中的含量在处理间差异不显著;缺磷还使整株对钾的累积量减少27.58%,钙和氮分别减少18.56%和14.95%,镁减少12.85%。(4)经主成分分析发现,杉木无性系植株的粗根长、细根长、根冠比、根干物质质量与低磷胁迫响应密切;回归分析显示,细根量对植株的磷吸收量有显著正向效应。【结论】杉木无性系根系形态指标随施磷水平变化呈极显著的基因型效应差异,缺磷胁迫使苗木地上部干物质质量减少,根平均直径减少,细根比例增大,根冠比增大,根系趋向于磷高效吸收的根构型转变,进而提高对低磷胁迫的遗传适应性。  相似文献   

2.
以1年生杂交杨树无性系为试验材料,在生长季结束后对茎、皮、根等器官的生物量及热值进行研究。结果表明:共有13个杨树无性系的生物量高于平均值,无性系208的地上部分、地下部分和生物量均为最高,分别达到485.77、146.18、631.95 g;不同器官间干质量热值的顺序为茎、皮、根。不同杨树无性系的单株干质量热值存在极显著差异,其变异幅度为18.659~19.141 kJ/g。选出的优良无性系单株热值、生物量和单株干质量热值平均值分别比群体平均值高26.12%、25.99%和0.12%。不同无性系单株热值的差异主要来源于生物量。  相似文献   

3.
缺磷胁迫对沙角衣藻碱性磷酸酶的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
以沙角衣藻(Chlamydomonas sajisao Lewin)为材料,通过活性PAGE电泳的方法,研究了在缺磷营养胁迫下,细胞内碱性磷酸酶的活性变化,结果表明,和正常的生长条件相比,缺磷胁迫导致沙角衣藻的碱性磷酸酶的活性有显著的变化,在缺磷胁迫下,不仅使碱性磷酸酶的合成量增加,而且其活性也有所增强。  相似文献   

4.
选择砂培处理的油茶无性系幼苗为对象,采用裂区设计,以0、0.05、0.5 mmol/L 3种磷处理水平(P0、P1、P2)模拟低磷胁迫,研究低磷胁迫对5个油茶优良无性系生长及氮、磷、钾吸收利用效率的影响差异。结果表明:不同油茶无性系间耐低磷胁迫差异显著;随低磷胁迫的加剧,各无性系的生物量和氮、磷吸收量减少,而利用率增加。无磷和低磷时湘林67和湘林69两个无性系的生物量和磷吸收量、利用效率均较高,叶片氮磷比(N/P)和叶片Δ(N/P)均较低,表明这两个无性系具有较好的体内磷养分循环利用机制,具备良好的耐低磷胁迫能力。  相似文献   

5.
为获得大麦磷高效育种所需的材料,培育磷高效基因型作物,提高磷利用效率、节约磷矿资源。本实验采用霍格兰(Hogland)缺磷营养液配方和完全营养配方对来自我国不同哲份和其它国家的68个大麦种质资源进行苗期培养,结果表明:缺磷处理植株的生物量明显地低于正常供磷处理,不同大麦品种根冠比较各自对照均有所增加,不同大麦基闲型磷效率存在显著差异。以生物量相对值、根冠比相对值和磷利用效率相对值的平均值为指标,筛选出了Alexis,蒙克尔2个磷高效品种和C-13,EF(98—2),g-23,甘啤4号,广麦7号,新啤2号等6个磷低效的品种。  相似文献   

6.
矮嵩草无性系对不同放牧强度的生长反应   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
对不同放牧强度下 (放牧强度分别为每公顷 0、2、4、8只二龄藏羊 )高寒草甸矮嵩草无性系分株组成和克隆生长进行了研究。结果表明 :随着放牧强度的增加 ,单位面积 ( 1 0cm2 ×1 0cm2 )矮嵩草无性系、营养和生殖分株种群生物量总体呈减少趋势 ,生殖分蘖中种子数呈增加趋势 ;矮嵩草无性系营养分株生物量所占比例均小于生殖分株 ,分别为 35 66%、35 75 %、38 2 2 %和 40 40 %。营养分株中分蘖数量和生物量随放牧强度的增加呈上升趋势 ,叶片的变化不很明显  相似文献   

7.
淹水胁迫对杨树生物量及生理性状影响的比较   总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6  
选择3种不同类型的杨树无性系(1-69,NL-80105,NL-80351),在人为控制条件下进行不同程度的淹水胁迫试验,结果表明:在胁迫条件下3种杨树无性系生物量累积受到明显抑制,冠根比降低,叶片硝酸还原酶(NR)活性显著下降,叶片相对质膜透性(RPP)明显升高,叶绿素含量以及叶片含水量(RWC)降低,无性系之间的各性状表现有所差异,与对照相比,在强淹水胁迫中I-69杨表现最好,其次是105杨,  相似文献   

8.
邻株低磷竞争处理对杉木幼苗生长的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以南方林区广泛种植杉木无性系为研究对象,利用室内沙培模拟装置,设置缺磷(0 mg/kg KH2PO4)、低磷(6 mg/kg KH2PO4)和正常供磷(12 mg/kg KH2PO4)3个供磷水平,构建邻株磷竞争环境.结果表明:邻株低磷竞争处理可明显促进杉木苗高生长,但竞争条件下,缺磷处理抑制杉木苗高生长.不同邻株磷竞争处理条件下杉木地径生长差异未达显著水平.在邻株低磷竞争处理条件下杉木根系长度、表面积、直径、体积等形态指标增量最大.  相似文献   

9.
【目的】西南桦(Betula alnoides)具有较高的经济价值和生态效益,是中国热带、亚热带地区重要的乡土速生阔叶树种。氮和磷的有效性和空间分布显著影响着植物生长和根系发育。笔者研究施肥对西南桦无性系生物量分配和根系形态的影响,筛选出优良西南桦无性系及适宜的施肥配方,为西南桦的科学培育提供参考。【方法】以西南桦4个无性系(编号分别为A5、FB4、FB4~+、BY-1)组培苗为试验材料,采用完全随机区组设计,每个小区25株。设置氮(0、200、400 mg/株)和磷(0、70、140 mg/株)共9个组合处理,重复3次。以不施肥为对照。为防止苗木缺素,每株施钾量为332 mg。磷肥作为基肥一次性施入基质中,组培苗移栽成活1个月后,开始追施氮和钾肥,每次施肥间隔时间为7 d,共10次。最终苗木收获时,先分离出根系进行形态指标扫描,获得根长、根表面积、根体积和根平均直径,最后全株烘干用于测定各器官的生物量,比较不同施肥处理下西南桦无性系的生物量分配和根系形态差异。【结果】①不同无性系和施肥处理下西南桦幼苗的地上、地下和总生物量差异均达到显著水平,但无性系×施肥处理的交互作用不显著。施肥处理幼苗的地上、地下和总生物量较对照(不施肥)有明显的增幅。处理5(N 200 mg/株+P 70 mg/株)幼苗的地上、地下和总生物量最大,分别比其他施肥处理提高了11.27%~460.49%、7.14%~200.00%、10.57%~390.09%。进一步比较不同无性系,无性系FB4~+的地上、地下和总生物量表现出明显的生长优势,分别是无性系A5、FB4和BY-1的1.14~1.21、1.22~1.31、1.15~1.22倍。②不同无性系和施肥处理下幼苗的根表面积、根平均直径和各根径等级细根的根长差异显著或极显著,且无性系×施肥处理的交互作用对根体积、根表面积、根平均直径和各根径等级细根(根径d2 mm除外)的根长影响均极显著。施肥处理的幼苗根系形态参数均高于对照。在所有无性系中,处理5的根系形态参数均显著高于其他施肥处理,其根表面积、根平均直径、根体积和总根长,分别比其他施肥处理提高了0.77%~227.20%、2.13%~152.63%、0.60%~264.13%和4.53%~214.04%。进一步比较不同根径等级细根的根长,西南桦幼苗的小细根(0d≤1 mm)、粗细根(1d≤2 mm)和粗根(d2 mm)的根长亦表现出处理5最大。无性系FB4~+在处理5下的根系形态参数显著高于其他无性系和施肥组合。③总生物量与地上、地下生物量均呈极显著的正相关关系,这三者与根平均直径、总根长、根表面积、根体积亦分别表现为极显著的正相关关系。【结论】施肥显著促进了西南桦幼苗的生物量和根系生长发育,且存在无性系差异。综合幼苗的生物量和根系形态指标,认为西南桦无性系FB4~+在处理5(N 200 mg/株+P 70 mg/株)条件下生长表现最优。  相似文献   

10.
刘厚诚  邝炎华  陈日远 《广西科学》2004,11(4):343-346,350
为了研究耐缺磷程度不同的3种长豇豆幼苗在缺磷胁迫下ZRs含量的变化,选用耐缺磷程度不同的长豇豆品种:芦花白、香港青和二芦白的幼苗作为材料,设供磷和缺磷2个处理,取供试幼苗的根系、最嫩完全展开叶、老茎叶、嫩茎叶作样品,采用ELISA方法进行测定。结果表明,缺磷胁迫下长豇豆幼苗各部位ZRs含量都下降,根系和老茎叶ZRs含量降幅二芦白>芦花白>香港青;最嫩完全展开叶降幅为:芦花白>香港青>二芦白;嫩茎叶降幅为:芦花白>二芦白>香港青。指出缺磷胁迫下长豇豆幼苗生长受抑制可能与ZRs含量有关,其中二芦白老茎叶和根系衰老较严重,生长受抑制也较严重。  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

14.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

15.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

16.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

17.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

18.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

19.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

20.
The non-orthogonal localized molecular orbital(NOLMO)is the most localized representation of electronic degrees of freedom.As such,NOLMOs are thus potentially the most efficient for linear scaling calculations of electronic structures for large systems.However,direct ab initio calculations with NOLMO have not been fully implemented and widely used,partly because of the slow convergence issue in the optimization of NOLMO.We devel-  相似文献   

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