9Cr—1Mo—V—Nb耐热钢焊接接头组织分析

文章分析了９Ｃｒ－１Ｍｏ－Ｖ－Ｎｂ与几种常用耐热钢焊接接头的显微组织,表明试验的各种焊接接头的机械性能良好．各焊接接头回火后焊缝区的显微组织均为回火马氏体,这与９Ｃｒ－１Ｍｏ－Ｖ－Ｎｂ钢正火回火态的显微组织相类似,但晶粒相对粗大．９Ｃｒ－１Ｍｏ－Ｖ－Ｎｂ同类钢焊接接头过热区显微组织为回火马氏体,局部地区有少量δ铁素体．９Ｃｒ－１Ｍｏ－Ｖ－Ｎｂ钢与合金元素较低的异类钢焊接接头过热区的晶粒长大程度较同类钢为甚,碳化物聚集长大较显著．     

高碳铬不锈钢泵阀材料的研究：Ⅰ热处理对泵阀材料组织和…

研究了淬火和回火温度对６Ｃｒ１８Ｍｏ和９Ｃｒ１８Ｍｏ钢组织和性能的影响，最后确定了性能可满足泵阀服役条件要求的热处理工艺。上述工作为用９Ｃｒ１８Ｍｏ和６Ｃｒ１８Ｍｏ代替ＧＣｒ１５和２０ＣｒＭｏ制造抽油泵泵阀提供了科学的依据。     

高碳铬不锈钢泵阀材料的研究 Ⅰ热处理对泵阀材料组织和性能的影响

研究了淬火和回火温度对６Ｃｒ１８Ｍｏ（４４０Ａ）和９Ｃｒ１８Ｍｏ（４４０Ｃ）钢组织和性能的影响，最后确定了性能可满足泵阀服役条件要求的热处理工艺．上述工作为用９Ｃｒ１８Ｍｏ和６Ｃｒ１８Ｍｏ代替ＧＣｒ１５和２０ＣｒＭｏ制造抽油泵泵阀提供了科学的依据     

石化装置9Cr—1Mo钢炉管焊接接头的回火脆性

利用热模拟“阶冷”和等温脆化等试验方法,对９Ｃｒ－１Ｍｏ钢炉管焊接接头粗晶区的回火脆性进行了研究。试验结果表明,ＳＲ自理时,９Ｃｒ－１Ｍｏ钢炉管焊接接头粗晶区对回火脆敏感,其敏感温度范围为４５０－５５０℃,但当炉管在高温下长期工作时对回火脆性不敏感。     

3Cr2W8V钢与4Cr5MoVSi钢的固态相变扩散连接

在跨越固态相变点的热循环条件下，对热作模具钢３Ｃｒ２Ｗ８Ｖ与４Ｃｒ５ＭｏＶＳｉ进行了蜚 熔合型低温扩散连接试验。分析了不同试验条件下的接头金相组织并对连接试样进行了拉断试验。结果表明，按优选工艺参数连接的试样在拉断试验时，断裂发生在基体处，表明接头强度已不低于基体强度。两种材料的接触面上发生了新晶粒形核，双向长大，形成共生晶粒的过程，最终导致接触面消失，实现了３Ｃｒ２Ｗ８Ｖ钢与４Ｃｒ５ＭｏＶＳｉ钢     

40Cr－5CrMnMo钢超塑性压接的组织与性能

采用预先处理及表面处理，４０Ｃｒ－５ＣｒＭｎＭｏ钢在空气炉中可实现超塑性固相压接．压接工艺条件为：温度７１０～７３０℃，应变速率２～３×１０－４ｓ－１、压力５０～８０ＭＰａ．时间３～５ｍｉｎ．压接强度达到基材４０Ｃｒ钢强度。通过接头显微组织分析，提出了钢超塑性固相压接机制为超塑变形的晶粒滑动和原子扩散造成的原始界面消失。     

截齿齿座焊接裂纹模拟试验

对３０ＣｒＭｎＳｉ钢、Ａ３钢进行模拟焊接试验,观察分析了接头组织变化,对焊接冷裂纹产生的组织因素进行了分析,并对生产中制定焊接工艺规范提出意见。     

2.25Cr—1Mo钢蠕变焊接接头中的Mo2C

利用Ｈ－８００透射电子显微镜详细研究了２．２５Ｃｒ－１Ｍｏ钢焊接接头中重要强化组Ｍ２Ｃ碳化物在蠕变过程中的变化，结果表明，材料原始组织中的Ｍｏ２Ｃ以针状形态分布于整个接头显微组织中，其在焊缝中的尺寸比母材中的最小，随着蠕变时间的延长，母材和焊缝中Ｍｏ２Ｃ的平均尺寸都不同程度地长大，并伴随着片状Ｍｏ２Ｃ的析出，部分针状Ｍｏ２Ｃ的断裂溶解，促进了Ｍ６Ｃ碳化物的析出长大。     

石化装置9Cr1Mo钢炉管焊接接头的回火脆性

利用热模拟、“阶冷”和等温脆化等试验方法,对９Ｃｒ１Ｍｏ钢炉管焊接接头粗晶区的回火脆性进行了研究。试验结果表明,ＳＲ处理时,９Ｃｒ１Ｍｏ钢炉管焊接接头粗晶区对回火脆性敏感,其敏感温度范围为４５０～５５０℃,但当炉管在高温下长期工作时对回火脆性不敏感。炉管不预热焊接时粗晶区的韧性优于预热２００℃时的韧性。试验还证明,工作应力对粗晶区回火脆性的影响不大。     

降低中低碳合金钢车削表面粗糙度研究

对２０ＣｒＭｎＴｉ及４５钢试棒进行车削试验研究，结果表明，在正火状态下粗车，２０ＣｒＭｎＴｉ钢表面粗糙度较大，．在精车时，明显减小；４５及２０ＣｒＭｎＴｉ钢分别在淬火＋中温回火及淬火＋低温国火的状态下精车，由于鳞刺明显减少，二者表面粗糙度均显著降低。４５钢减少鳞刺，降低粗糙度，主要在于提高强度，２０ＣｒＭｎＴｉ则是板条马氏体结构及性能。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Features of Women''s language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme