不同流加发酵方式对重组枯草芽孢杆菌生产维生素B2的影响

在5 L发酵罐中培养重组枯草芽孢杆菌RH33生产核黄素,该重组菌的染色体上含有多个解除了转录调节的核黄素操纵子．由于过高的初糖浓度导致严重的代谢溢流,因此间歇发酵过程只能得到较低的菌体量和产物产量．分别采用了3种不同的流加培养方式：分批流加、恒速流加和葡萄糖限制流加来减弱代谢溢流并提高核黄素的产量．同间歇培养相比,分批流加培养能微弱提高重组菌的核黄素产量,而恒速流加和葡萄糖限制流加均能显著提高菌体量和核黄素产量．对于恒速流加培养,当流加速率为0．48 mL／min时核黄素产量和菌体量可以分别达到9．8g/L和27．3g/L对于葡萄糖限制流加培养,通过人工控制葡萄糖流加速率使培养基中的葡萄糖浓度为10～2 g/L时,重组菌RH33可以达到最高的核黄素产量和菌体量(分别为12．5g/L和34．7g/L)．在葡萄糖限制流加培养中核黄素产率约为0．06 g(核黄素)／g(葡萄糖),高于其他几种培养方式．     

D-核糖发酵过程中的pH控制及对产D-核糖关键酶的影响

在枯草芽孢杆菌突变株D-756发酵生产D-核糖过程中,采用葡萄糖和葡萄糖酸钙混合发酵,葡萄糖酸作为pH调节剂,能促进菌体的生长,显著地提高D-核糖的产量。经酶活测定,发现流加葡萄糖酸能提高单位发酵液中葡萄糖酸激酶的酶活。在5L发酵罐中,利用葡萄糖酸维持发酵pH值在7．2,培养72h后产核糖76．8g／L。     

搅拌桨组合与葡萄糖流加工艺相结合的凝胶多糖发酵工艺优化

考察了利用葡萄糖作为碳源底物时,不同的葡萄糖添加模式(批次加入、脉冲式流加和连续流加)和搅拌桨组合模式(三层桨均为六平叶径流桨3RT、底层桨为六平叶轮径流桨和上层桨为椭圆桨RT+E)对凝胶多糖发酵过程代谢特性的影响。实验结果表明,葡萄糖为批次加入时,菌体的呼吸代谢强度受到明显抑制,凝胶多糖产量只有25.12 g/L;通过葡萄糖脉冲式流加和连续流加策略控制发酵罐中葡萄糖质量浓度为20 g/L左右,可以降低高质量浓度葡萄糖对凝胶多糖合成的抑制作用,凝胶多糖的产量提高到33.88 g/L;通过优化桨型组合为RT+E可以增强葡萄糖流加过程中发酵液内部的混合过程,凝胶多糖产量提高至36.10 g/L,最终优化后葡萄糖合成凝胶多糖的产量增加了44.40%。     

粪产碱杆菌青霉素酰化酶在枯草芽孢杆菌中的表达优化

在5L发酵罐中进行了表达粪产碱杆菌青霉素G酰化酶的重组枯草杆菌WB600(pMA5)的发酵研究。实验表明，发酵液中的葡萄糖浓度和菌体产酶能力密切相关，维持低葡萄糖水平，可以提高枯草杆菌WB600(pMA5)青霉素G酰化酶的合成能力。采用混合碳源进行发酵，在生长阶段流加葡萄糖，并维持低浓度，在发酵12h菌体浓度达到约13．8g／L时停止流加葡萄糖，使茵体利用发酵液中的可溶性淀粉作为碳源，避免葡萄糖的代谢副产物对茵体产酶能力的抑制，青霉素G酰化酶的表达水平从原来的55u／L提高到582u／L。     

γ干扰素工程菌发酵工艺研究

在摇瓶培养及恒化培养研究的基础上,对含温度敏感型质粒γ干扰素工程菌高密度、高表达的发酵工艺作了探讨。摇瓶培养结果表明,菌体的良好生长状态对外源基因表达起着重要作用,工程菌于对数后期升温,干扰素滴度最高。以葡萄糖为限制性基质的恒化培养,得出了工程菌细胞生长得率与比生长速率之间的关系,同时表明工程菌升温表达前的比生长速率对表达后干扰素的比活有影响,比生长速率在0.10～0.15h~(-1)时比活最大。通过碳、氮、镁的间歇流加培养与连续流加培养,均使工程菌达到高密度与高表达,但以控制比生长速率为目的的连续流加培养较间歇流加比活提高近4倍,棕1.1×10~(10)IU/L。     

重组大肠杆菌发酵生产二倍体质粒的研究

随着基因治疗和基因疫苗的发展,急需大量的非病毒载体质粒DNA.主要对重组大肠杆菌E.coli DH5α发酵生产pUC21二倍体质粒的培养基组分和补料分批培养的葡萄糖流加策略进行了研究.初步确定的培养基组分是以葡萄糖作碳源,酵母粉作氮源,并且添加磷酸盐、硫酸镁、柠檬酸和微量元素.研究发现溶氧反馈流加是比较好的流加葡萄糖的补料策略,它能把葡萄糖浓度控制在较低的水平,从而避免产生乙酸效应.溶氧反馈流加发酵的最大生物量可达30.84 g/L,质粒pUC21-Dimer的最大产量达96.38 mg/L.该研究为重组大肠杆菌生产二聚体质粒建立了优化工艺,对大规模生产作为基因治疗的多聚体质粒具有指导意义.     

重组大肠杆菌利用乳糖自诱导系统融合表达天蚕素AD和蛙BuforinⅡ

以包含质粒pET-Trx-CAD-BuforinⅡ的大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)为研究对象,开发了一种利用乳糖自诱导方式表达天蚕素AD和蛙BuforinⅡ的表达系统。首先,在LB培养基中研究了乳糖浓度、诱导时机和诱导时间对目的蛋白表达的影响。然后,利用"分解代谢物阻遏"原理构建乳糖自诱导表达系统,以"葡萄糖+主碳源"两种碳源的依次代谢将蛋白表达过程分为两个阶段:第一阶段为菌体生长阶段,菌体利用葡萄糖生长,乳糖无法进入细胞诱导蛋白表达;第二阶段为蛋白表达阶段,葡萄糖耗尽,菌体开始利用主碳源生长;同时乳糖进入细胞诱导蛋白表达。最后,利用优选的"葡萄糖+木糖"组合自诱导表达天蚕素AD和BuforinⅡ的融合蛋白,得到的目的蛋白占全菌总蛋白含量的45.2%。     

重组巴斯德毕赤酵母高密度培养中铵离子浓度的影响

采用Mut^s表型的重组毕赤酵母生产血管生长抑制素,表达阶段流加甘油—甲醇混合碳源以提高菌体密度和血管生长抑制素的表达水平,菌体密度可达174g／L,约是表达阶段采用甲醇为单一碳源的发酵过程的3倍。菌体密度的提高导致表达阶段发酵液中铵离子浓度下降很快,当发酵液中的铵离子浓度低至40mmol／L时,影响了血管生长抑制素的表达。改变pH调节方式并在发酵后期添加25mmol／L(NH4)2SO4使发酵液中铵离子浓度维持在150mmol／L以上,血管生长抑制素的表达产量达到108mg／L。     

D-葡萄糖酸钠对D-核糖发酵的影响

枯草芽孢杆菌转酮酶缺陷突变株不能以 D-葡萄糖酸为唯一碳源生长 ,但其作为 D-核糖的前体则是有效的。固定碳源总量 ,利用 D-葡萄糖与 D-葡萄糖酸钠混合碳源发酵 ,在12 0 g/ L的 D-葡萄糖酸钠浓度时 ,菌体生长明显受到抑制 ,发酵在 4 0 h时结束 ,D-核糖产量达 18.8g/ L ;在 30 g/ L的 D-葡萄糖酸质量浓度时 ,发酵 72 h,D-核糖产量达 6 8.5 g/ L。     

碳氮源平衡流加策略提高重组大肠杆菌表达融合型乳酸片球菌素的产率

设计了基于碳氮源平衡的底物流加策略,研究其对重组大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)生长与表达目的蛋白融合型乳酸片球菌素的影响.在菌体生长的不同时期流加不同碳源与氮源的质量比(mc/MN)的营养源,实现碳氮源的实时平衡流加,有效地避免了乙酸的积累,获得了高密度的菌体(最大菌体密度可达57.6g/L)和高表达的融...     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to