回火温度对1500MPa级直接淬火钢组织与性能的影响

设计了一种新型1500MPa级Si-Mn-Cr-Ni-Mo多组元系低合金、超高强度工程结构钢,研究了回火温度对直接淬火钢组织与力学性能的影响.结果表明,抗拉强度随回火温度的升高而不断降低,屈服强度随回火温度升高先升高后下降,延伸率和冲击功均随回火温度升高呈现先升高、后降低、再升高的变化趋势.分析认为,回火过程组织演变的物理机制一方面包括板条马氏体和位错亚结构的回复、再结晶软化过程,另一方面包括残余奥氏体的分解与马氏体中过饱和碳的脱溶及析出第2相的强化机制综合作用.250℃回火后,板条马氏体内析出ε碳化物;400℃回火后ε碳化物明显粗化,产生回火脆性;600℃回火后部分析出相在奥氏体中形核,在马氏体基体内长大和粗化,最终形态为近似球形,另一部分析出相在马氏体内形核、生长,呈现椭球形或矩形.     

55NiCrMoV7回火钢的组织定量分析

通过SEM、TEM、XRD、图像定量分析和维氏硬度测量。定量研究了55NiCrMoV7钢在100～700℃、90s-665h之间回火的组织和硬度变化．结果表明。钢中的原奥氏体晶粒、马氏体板条不因回火过程而改变。回火析出碳化物的体积分数在一定回火温度时间范围内保持恒定。但是碳化物的形态和尺寸随回火工艺而改变．     

热处理对CLAM钢TIG焊接接头显微组织影响

采用TIG焊接方法对中国低活化马氏体钢(CLAM 钢)进行了平板对接试验,分别对焊接接头采用不同温度的焊后热处理,试验温度分别为610,660,710,760,810℃,保温30 min.结果表明,焊后进行热处理与不做热处理两种情况下,CLAM钢焊接接头微观形貌和硬度存在很大不同;随温度增加,焊接接头焊缝中马氏体板条分布及尺寸均匀性得到提高,热处理温度710℃以上时板条均匀性最好,但晶粒尺寸与板条也会随温度升高而长大.焊后热处理使焊接接头各部分硬度随热处理温度的升高而逐渐降低,焊缝金属硬度下降值比母材和焊缝热影响区大得多,尤其在810℃时焊缝金属硬度下降值最大,降至与母材硬度相当.     

淬火温度对X80管线钢组织和力学性能的影响

研究了X80钢在不同淬火温度后的组织和力学性能的变化.结果表明,淬火温度为1000℃时,X80钢的奥氏体晶粒严重粗化,导致粗板条贝氏体铁素体的产生,致使X80钢的强度升高、韧性和硬度严重降低;当淬火温度为930℃,并辅以适当的回火处理,可以使X80钢获得以细小针状铁素体为主的组织,从而获得良好的硬度、强度、塑性和韧性的配合.     

回火热处理对GCr15轴承钢显微组织和力学性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜以及硬度检测和冲击试验等方法研究了回火温度对GCr15轴承钢显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:在200～300℃范围内,GCr15钢的洛氏硬度略有升高;在300～450℃范围内,硬度随回火温度的升高而降低,但冲击韧性随之提高。450℃×1 h回火处理后,GCr15钢表现出良好的强韧性,其硬度为51～54 HRC,冲击吸收功为105～140 J。     

热处理对1000 MPa级工程机械结构用钢组织和性能的影响

设计了一种低碳Mn-Mo-Nb-Cu-B系超高强度工程机械结构用钢,研究了在同种成分条件下TMCP(thermo-mechan-ical control-process)+回火与控轧+直接淬火+回火两种工艺对钢组织和性能的影响.对比分析了热处理前后钢板各项力学性能和组织的变化.结果表明,两种工艺条件下钢的屈服强度和冲击性能的变化趋势相似,经500～620℃回火1h后钢的屈服强度均有大幅度提高.控轧+直接淬火+回火得到的钢板综合性能明显优于TMCP+回火,前者在600℃回火后屈服强度仍达到1000MPa以上,同时延伸率达到18%,-40℃冲击功大于30J,而后者塑性较好但强度稍低;随回火温度的升高,控轧+直接淬火+回火工艺条件下的组织演化速度要快于TMCP+回火工艺.     

亚温淬火及回火工艺对E550级船板钢组织和性能的影响

以E550级超高强度船板钢为研究对象,采用SEM,TEM分析和力学性能测试等手段,研究了亚温淬火时宽回火温度范围内微观组织和力学性能的演变规律.研究结果表明,试验钢在820℃淬火后由板条马氏体和18.8%体积分数的准多边形铁素体组成.随回火温度升高,马氏体板条逐渐分解转变为回火屈氏体和回火索氏体,其中Fe_3C由薄片状转变为球状,并不断粗化;铁素体板条的位错密度下降,最终再结晶成为等轴晶粒.上述变化导致材料强度下降,伸长率和低温韧性提高.试验钢经820℃淬火和440~600℃的宽温度范围回火后具有优异的强韧性,力学性能与调质处理(930℃淬火和600~670℃回火)的试验钢相当,可显著节省热处理工艺成本.     

淬火-回火工艺对X80管件钢组织性能的影响

采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电子背散射衍射分析技术(EBSD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等实验手段,研究了不同淬火--回火热处理工艺制度对X80管件钢组织性能的影响.结果表明:一次930℃淬火后,随着回火温度的升高,实验钢屈服强度先升高后降低,在630℃达到最大值588MPa;抗拉强度随回火温度升高持续下降,680℃时降至630MPa.二次两相区淬火,经630℃回火后,X80管件钢有最佳的综合力学性能,-50℃冲击韧性显著提高,Ak达到210J.这是由于二次淬火温度在860℃两相区时,组织中奥氏体晶粒大幅细化,经630℃回火后,细晶马氏体组织中出现位错亚结构的回复软化、板条边界钝化和块状M-A组元分解产生的析出强化机制综合作用的结果.     

Fe-Mn-1.6 Ni-C水电用钢板轧后 直接淬火和回火工艺

通过Fe-Mn-1.6Ni-C钢板控制轧制、轧后直接淬火和560~710℃回火调质处理实验,研究了轧后直接淬火态和回火态的组织与性能变化.结果表明,轧后直接淬火得到组织细小的板条马氏体,固溶强化作用提高了其抗拉强度.经过回火热处理后,碳化物的析出及其对位错的钉扎作用,降低了钢的抗拉强度,提高了钢的屈服强度.随着回火温度的升高,碳化物聚集长大,铁素体发生回复与再结晶,造成强度下降以及冲击韧性提高.当回火温度高于A_○c1时,粗大的碳化物极易引起裂纹形核,破坏钢的冲击韧性.Fe-Mn-1.6Ni-C钢最优的回火温度为680℃,屈服强度为963MPa,抗拉强度为988MPa,延伸率为20.0%,-60℃冲击功为142J.     

预处理对GCr15轴承钢淬火组织与性能的影响

研究了球化退火和固溶+高温回火两种预热处理工艺对GCr15轴承钢淬火组织、硬度、冲击韧性和抗拉强度的影响.结果表明,两种预处理工艺都明显地细化了碳化物颗粒,其中经固溶+高温回火预处理的轴承钢具有较好的碳化物细化效果和细小晶粒的终处理组织,并获得了较高的硬度和抗拉强度值.在预处理都为球化退火工艺、终处理回火温度不同时,经较低回火温度(160℃)处理的轴承钢可获得良好的强韧性能.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.