基于长短期记忆网络的协同过滤算法研究

协同过滤算法如今已经广泛地应用在推荐系统领域,但大多未考虑数据的时效特征,近期长短期记忆网络(LSTM)在用户短期偏好建模方面显示出了巨大的优势,它能描述数据随时间变化的动态特征.因此本文将LSTM与协同过滤算法相结合,提出基于LSTM的协同过滤算法模型LSMF,该模型应用循环神经网络结构来动态模拟会话上下文,建模短期行为偏好,并自适应融合长期行为偏好进行推荐.在Netflix数据集上与传统方法 BPRMF、LSTM和两种基于RNN的最新模型NARM、T-LSTM相比,用户行为预测有了显著的改进.试验结果表明,基于LSMF算法模型的推荐系统有较高的推荐准确度.     

融合动态兴趣偏好与特征信息的序列推荐

传统的序列推荐通常忽略用户和项目特征信息的重要性,且无法有效对动态的兴趣偏好进行建模.因此,提出融合动态兴趣与特征信息的序列推荐算法.该算法通过对目标项目进行动态兴趣建模,克服兴趣转移带来的影响;同时融合用户和项目特征信息模拟真实的用户行为以提高推荐的性能.首先,针对动态兴趣建模,采用辅助函数应用下一个行为监督上一个隐藏兴趣状态的学习,并采用带注意力机制的门控循环单元为不同的兴趣状态对目标影响程度赋予不同的权重;然后,针对用户和项目特征信息特征融合,采用平凡注意力机制为影响目标项目的特征赋予不同的权重,并通过多头注意力机制进行深层次的特征提取;最后,融合用户动态兴趣表示和用户项目特征表示输入到多层感知机.在Yelp和MovieLens-1M数据集上进行仿真实验,结果表明提出模型的性能比一些基线模型有较好的提升.     

基于自监督学习的序列推荐算法

针对现有序列推荐算法易受数据稀疏影响以及对用户短期动态偏好建模不充分的问题,提出基于自监督学习的序列推荐算法。针对短期序列中的原始项目关系更易受到随机数据增强破坏的问题,对长短期序列使用不同的数据增强方法来构建更有效的自监督信号;利用对比式自监督学习框架对用户长期偏好和短期偏好进行多任务联合建模;针对现有自注意力机制无法建模序列中项目相对位置关系的问题,将自然语言处理领域中的解耦注意力机制引入到用户短期偏好学习过程中,充分捕获用户短期序列中项目的相对位置信息。实验结果证明了所提算法的有效性。     

融合用户兴趣度的基于自注意力的序列推荐模型

序列推荐试图利用用户的连续行为、用户偏好、物品流行度以及用户和项目之间的交互动作进行建模,传统的马尔科夫链(MC)、递归神经网络(RNN)和基于自注意力的模型已被大量应用于序列推荐,但它们只是将交互历史假设成有序序列,忽略各个交互之间的时间间隔,也不考虑序列中项目之间交互的可能性存在大小关系以及用户对项目的兴趣度可能随...     

基于评论特征提取和隐因子模型的评分预测推荐系统

评分预测是推荐系统研究的核心问题,通过用户的历史行为来预测用户对商品的评分,根据评分高低来推荐用户喜欢的商品.当前基于评论评分预测推荐系统普遍只使用卷积神经网络捕获局部特征或者循环神经网络捕获全局特征,忽略了将这两类特征的有效融合.针对现存问题,本文提出基于评论特征提取和隐因子模型的评分预测推荐模型,使用自适应感受野的卷积神经网络(CNN)提取局部特征,同时使用门控循环单元(GRU)提取全局特征,将不同特征融合为评论的嵌入表达.再结合隐因子模型(LFM)对用户的特征偏好和商品的特征属性进行建模.最后,通过对用户和商品的嵌入表达进行评分预测.实验结果表明,本文模型在5个数据集上均高于现有基线模型.     

基于BP神经网络与隐马尔科夫模型的推荐算法

针对个性化推荐系统中用户偏好的学习与高维稀疏数据处理问题.受到隐马尔可夫模型(HMM)结构特征启发,采用一种考虑上下文的两阶段用户偏好收集推理策略的个性化推荐算法.选择MD算法对系统历史评分信息进行挖掘处理,提取用户偏好分布频繁三项集作为隐含状态,将用户评分项目序列看作观测状态,从而抽象为一个HMM模型,结合BP神经网络进行第一阶段的HMM模型的用户偏好学习与推理.然后根据第一阶段的学习训练生成最优推荐集合.实验结果表明基于HMM的推荐算法比传统推荐算法具有更好的适应性和推荐质量.     

基于策略记忆的深度强化学习序列推荐算法研究

推荐系统旨在从用户-项目的交互中进行建模,为用户推荐感兴趣的内容,从而提高用户体验.然而大多数用户-项目的序列并不总是顺序相关的,而是有更灵活的顺序甚至存在噪声.为解决这一问题,提出一种基于策略记忆的深度强化学习序列推荐算法,该算法将用户的历史交互存入记忆网络,使用一个策略网络将用户当前的行为模式更细致地划分为短期偏好...     

基于记忆的注意力图神经网络专家推荐方法

在问答社区专家推荐算法中,图神经网络主要利用问答社区中用户与问题的交互关系建模,其模型性能取决于交互数据的稠密度,难以对无交互信息的用户及问题进行有效表示学习.针对这一问题,提出了一个基于记忆的注意力图神经网络专家推荐方法.该方法首先设计了面向用户多维特征的联合表示子网络,然后构建了一个记忆网络,为每个问题保存用户回答...     

融合多源图信息的图神经网络会话推荐算法

现有的基于图神经网络的会话推荐算法通过将会话序列构筑为图形结构捕捉项目转换关系,能够有效提高推荐性能.然而多数图神经网络及其改进模型在建模会话时仅考虑会话序列中项目的单次转换关系,忽略了会话中包含的大量有效信息,同时缺乏对项目间隐藏关联性的分析.因此提出融合多源图信息的图神经网络会话推荐算法.将用户重复行为信息,项目内容关联信息纳入到会话图建模过程当中,有效提取项目更深层次的复杂转换关系,并通过线性转换进行聚合.此外采用外部注意力机制辅助获取会话序列项目隐藏关联信息,使得生成的会话向量在推荐过程中更加精确.在真实数据集Yoochoose和Diginetica上进行实验,实验结果表明该模型优于基准模型,特别地,相较于SR-GNN模型在MRR@20指标上提高了12.50%,能更好地预测用户的下一次点击项目.     

基于用户偏好和麻雀搜索聚类的协同过滤算法

针对推荐算法数据稀疏及聚类中心点敏感问题,提出了一种基于用户偏好和麻雀搜索聚类的协同过滤推荐算法。首先使用评分偏好模型对原用户项目矩阵进行修正,得到新的用户偏好-项目矩阵。利用麻雀搜索对聚类中心点进行优化,从目标用户所在簇内得到最近邻,提高了算法迭代速度,改善了聚类中心点敏感的问题。使用相似度公式对目标用户未评分项目进行预测,并完成推荐。实验结果表明,相较于其他几种推荐算法,准确度提高了4到6个百分点。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.