淬火速率和锆含量对7055型铝合金晶间腐蚀的影响

研究淬火速率和锆含量对7055型铝合金晶间腐蚀的影响,并结合金相显微镜和透射电镜对其机理进行分析和讨论。结果表明:淬火速率和锆含量的增加都可提高合金的抗晶间腐蚀能力,当锆含量大于0.1%时,合金晶间腐蚀的淬火敏感性明显减小;微量锆的添加阻碍了再结晶,细化了晶粒;淬火速率的提高减小了晶界无沉淀析出带的宽度,因而提高了合金抗晶间腐蚀能力。     

Al-8.0Zn-2.0Mg-l.6Cu铝合金的淬透性

通过末端淬火、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X线衍射仪(XRD)、光学显微镜(OM)和硬度等分析测试方法研究Al-8.0Zn-2.0Mg-1.6Cu铝合金的淬透性及淬火冷却过程中的微观组织演变.研究结果表明:随着冷却速度的降低,试样的硬度显著下降,其淬透深度约为40 mm,临界冷却速度约为3.8℃/s;淬火冷却过程中平衡态MgZn2(η)相析出是影响该合金淬透性的主要因素,其析出温度区间为438～215℃;平衡态MgZn2相在淬火冷却时先后经历晶界与晶粒内部2个过程的析出,析出峰值温度分别为387℃和342℃.     

Al-5.0Zn-3.0Mg-1.0Cu-0.1Zr合金的淬火敏感性

通过分级淬火的方法确定Al-5.0Zn-3.0Mg-1.0Cu-0.1Zr合金的时间-温度-性能(TTP)曲线,并结合7050及7085合金考察成分对淬火敏感性的影响。研究结果表明:Al-5.0Zn-3.0Mg-1.0Cu-0.1Zr合金T76状态的TTP曲线鼻尖温度为325℃,临界时间为1.554 s,99.5%的TTP曲线保温时间为100 s,合金的淬火敏感区间为200~410℃;该合金在等温保温过程中析出η相,消耗Zn和Mg,降低合金的过饱和程度,削弱后续时效强化的效果;合金时效后,在这些η相周围形成无沉淀析出区;Al-5.0Zn-3.0Mg-1.0Cu-0.1Zr合金具有较低的淬火敏感性,该合金淬火冷却速度可以选择介于7050合金冷却速度与7085合金冷却速度之间。     

两栖飞机铝合金的中低应变率力学性能

为研究水陆两栖飞机用航空铝合金材料在中低应变率区间内的动态力学性能,在常温下针对飞机船底壁板结构用7475-T761和7055-T76511铝合金采用电子式万能材料试验机开展准静态及低应变率拉伸实验,采用高速液压伺服试验机开展中应变率动态拉伸实验,获得了0.005~500 s-1区间内的铝合金应力-应变曲线,拟合和验证了Johnson-Cook本构模型。结果表明：在应变率0.005~500 s-1区间内,7475-T761和7055-T76511铝合金均呈现出了显著的应变率强化效应;从准静态向中应变率增加,7475-T761铝合金的失效应变随着增大,而7055-T76511铝合金先降低后增加;7475-T761铝合金表现出了显著的应变硬化效应,而7055-T76511铝合金应变硬化效应相对较弱;两种铝合金的断口形貌均未表现出明显的颈缩现象;拟合得到的Johnson-Cook本构模型能够较好表征两种铝合金材料的动态力学性能,最大均方根误差为13.7 MPa。     

淬火水温对7B50铝合金厚板组织和强韧性的影响

采用室温拉伸测试、断裂韧性测试并结合扫描电镜及透射电镜等组织分析方法，研究淬火水温（20~60 ℃）对7B50铝合金厚板组织和强韧性的影响，并探究不同时效处理制度对淬火水温的敏感性.研究结果表明： 7B50合金的室温拉伸性能对淬火水温不敏感，但断裂韧度随淬火水温改变变化显著，当淬火水温从60 ℃降至20 ℃时，峰时效态和过时效态合金的断裂韧性分别增加12.9%和11.4%.当淬火水温较高（40 ℃和60 ℃）时，与过时效态合金相比，峰时效态合金的断裂韧性对淬火水温更敏感.透射电镜观察揭示了晶界组织的差异导致的合金断裂韧度的变化.随着淬火水温降低，淬火态合金的晶界脱溶析出相尺寸逐渐减小，并且在时效处理后使晶界析出相尺寸减小、无沉淀析出带宽度变窄，特别是峰时效态合金的晶界析出相尺寸和晶界无沉淀析出带宽度随温度变化更为显著.     

轧制变形对Al-5Zn-3Mg-1Cu-0.12Zr合金厚板剥蚀淬火敏感性的影响

采用末端淬火试验、剥落腐蚀浸泡试验、光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜等方法,研究了轧制变形量对Al-5Zn-3Mg-1Cu-0.12Zr铝合金厚板剥落腐蚀敏感性的影响.结果表明:该合金板材的抗剥落腐蚀性能随冷却速率减小而降低,降低程度随热轧变形量的增加而提高,即剥落腐蚀淬火敏感性增加;变形量由56%增加至91%,在冷却速率为2160℃/min时,剥落腐蚀等级都为P级,在冷却速率为100℃/min时,剥落腐蚀等级由EA级增加至ED级;变形量分别为56%、72%、81%和91%时,在冷却速率分别大于100、159、209和320℃/min的区域,合金剥落腐蚀等级达到或优于EA级;在相同轧制变形量下,冷却速率的减小会使合金晶界无沉淀析出带宽化,导致合金抗剥蚀性能变差.     

均匀化后冷却方式对7050铝合金热压缩流变行为的影响

利用GIeeble-1500热模拟机在变形温度为300-450℃、应变速率为0.001-1.0s-1的条件下,对均匀化后经快速水冷和慢速随炉冷却这2种不同冷却方式的7050铝合金样品进行高温等温压缩实验,研究该合金的热压缩变形流变行为.结果表明:合金流变应力不仅随变形温度的降低和应变速率的升高而增加,而且随均匀化后淬火冷却速度的增加而显著升高;均匀化后水淬样品中合金元素过饱和固溶于基体内,变形过程中第二相析出并明显粗化;快速水冷样品的热形变表观激活能为224.9 kJ/mol,而慢速随炉冷却样品的热形变表观激活能为144.6 kJ/mol;热压缩变形流变应力的差别随形变温度的升高而降低;在高温低应变速率下,应力-应变曲线出现锯齿形波动,呈不连续动态再结晶特征;7050铝合金高温塑性变形时的流变行为可用包含Arrhenius项参数Z的双曲正弦函数描述.     

淬火速率对Al-5Zn-3Mg-1Cu铝合金厚板剥落腐蚀的影响

采用末端淬火和腐蚀浸泡方法研究了淬火速率对Al-5Zn-3Mg-1Cu铝合金厚板剥落腐蚀性能的影响,结合金相显微镜、透射电镜和扫描透射电镜微观组织表征对影响机理进行了分析和探讨.Al-5Zn-3Mg-1Cu铝合金的剥落腐蚀性能随淬火速率的减小(2 160℃/min→100℃/min)而下降,腐蚀等级由P级变为ED级,最大腐蚀深度从15μm增加至530μm.淬火速率减小导致晶界析出相数量增加,其中Zn,Mg元素含量上升,无沉淀析出带宽化,是剥落腐蚀性能下降的主要原因.     

双峰时效处理对7055铝合金组织和性能的影响

研究了双峰时效对7055铝合金组织和性能的影响．结果表明：7055铝合金采用双峰时效制度处理时，其性能峰值出现在135℃／16h＋190℃／10min，这时，抗拉强度、屈服强度、延伸率分别达到695MPa、658MFa、14％．     

影响Ly12铝合金锯齿流变诸因素的研究

本文研究了应变速率,温度,自然时效时间,淬火后短期人工时效处理和预拉伸应变等因素对Ly12铝合金锯齿流变的影响。结果表明:淬火后短期人工时效处理,或延长淬火后室温停留时间,均有推迟锯齿流变产生的作用,而应变速率低于1.04×10~(-5)秒~(-1),温度低于-55℃,高于90℃都不出现锯齿流变。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.