基于遗传算法的带内流低阻车身气动优化

通过建立18个参数的参数化模型,并开发了基于遗传算法的全局优化方法,展开带内流的车身气动优化,获得了气动阻力系数为0.261的低阻优化外形.比较最优车身的仿真和试验结果发现,气动阻力系数仅相差4%,表面压力系数和不同截面速度分布趋势相同、量值相差较小,表明所采用数值仿真方法是正确、可行的.利用本征正交分解对车身尾部截面流场进行能量分解发现,前9阶模态占总能量的54.5%;能量占比最高的1阶模态呈现出尾部拖曳涡的形态,并且拖曳涡的涡核位置不随时间变化而变化.建立了带内流的全局优化方法,获得了经试验验证的带内流低阻车身,为相关产品开发提供借鉴方法和外形参考.     

基于主断面参数的车身结构刚度链快速求解

在刚度链计算模型中直接利用真实主断面参数快速求解,是车身结构刚度链设计方法必须解决的关键问题.在建立和完善轿车车身弯曲静刚度链计算模型的基础上,以刚度链节点参数可控和工程化为目标,建立了刚度链节点参数与主断面截面属性参数的对应关系,研究了利用极坐标法控制真实主断面形状的参数化方法,以及由单一变量控制的复杂截面属性计算方法,实现了刚度链节点属性的参数化计算和刚度链模型计算参数的工程化,为基于真实主断面结构形状的车身静刚度优化分配研究打下了基础.最后用一个车身轻量化优化计算实例验证了研究方法的可行性.     

基于“草图跟踪”的复杂曲面设计方法

介绍了基于原有产品图片资料的三维重建方法,即根据被仿制车型的图片资料,从二维信息中提取三维信息,在三维空间中重新构造出二维信息所对应的三维形体,重构汽车外形主模型的建模方法·利用CATIA软件中的草图跟踪模块,在3D视角中引入实际车身大小外形草图图像,作为构建车身三维几何模型的基础,依据现有参数化曲面理论和应用软件曲面造型方法,结合产品的外形情况,采用曲面分块车身建模方法,对车身建模和创新设计过程中涉及的关键技术进行了分析·     

电动车全铝框架式车身拓扑分析及参数化优化方法

针对电动车全铝框架式车身优化时应当兼顾多种类型的型材和板材变量的问题,提出一种基于拓扑优化及隐式参数化模型的集成多目标优化方法。为了获得材料分布及载荷传递合理的框架式车身结构作为后续多目标优化的参考,概念设计阶段对原车身进行拓扑优化设计。基于拓扑优化结果建立车身隐式参数化模型,并利用参数化模型建立响应面近似模型以实现全铝框架式车身多目标优化的自动流程化。结果表明,全铝框架式车身在各项性能保持在目标范围的前提下减重11.9%。因此,基于拓扑优化及隐式参数化模型的集成多目标优化方法能够有效提高全铝框架式车身轻量化优化的效率和准确性。     

轿车车身强度及刚度有限元分析

为了便于修改和调整轿车整车的有限元模型,提高有限元模型生成速度,对轿车车身和车架的强度和刚度进行有限元分析。应用参数化曲面造型技术、参数化变量技术实现整车的映射网格自动剖分,应用薄壳单元和厚壳单元模拟车身和车架,建立了全板壳单元轿车车身骨架有限元计算模型。采用映射网格单元来分析计算,优化处理存储数据,使得车身、车架变形和应力分布的分析计算速度更快、精度更高,并且获得更好的分析结果。在弯曲、扭转工况下对轿车车身进行强度、刚度分析,计算出变形和应力最大部位,并依据最大应力区,提出改进方案,降低了最大应力。     

基于刚度链的纯电动汽车车身主断面优化设计

基于梁单元车身简化几何模型建立以主断面为节点的车身静态和动态刚度链数学模型,研究电动车车身主断面属性与刚度以及模态的关系;以车身刚度、模态为约束条件,以车身质量最小为目标函数进行多目标优化,并利用遗传算法求解,得到同时满足静态刚度和频率特性要求的电动汽车车身主断面属性参数。建立对应的车身骨架有限元模型计算刚度及模态,并与刚度链优化结果进行对比分析。对比分析结果验证了本文研究方法的合理性和有效性。     

阻挫磁性链中自旋流体二聚化相变点计算的一个有效方法

应用双时格林函数这一有效的方法,考虑自旋为S=1／2的海森堡反铁磁链中最近邻和次近邻的作用,通过使用简单的退耦近似——无规相近似,解析地计算得到了低维阻挫系统由自旋流体向二聚化转变的临界值为αc=0.242.计算方法简单,计算结果与其它理论结果一致.     

隐式参数化白车身多目标协同优化设计

利用参数化建模软件SFE-CONCEPT建立了某轿车白车身的参数化模型,用仿真方法分析了白车身的静态弯扭刚度、主要低阶模态频率并与试验对比,再将白车身与动力总成、底盘连接后,对整车正碰性能进行仿真分析,并与试验对比,验证了所建参数化白车身的有效性.由于安全性分析属于非线性分析,传统优化方法通常需要人工介入,无法实现优化流程的全自动化.通过编写批处理文件,提取安全性能指标,实现白车身结构轻量化优化流程的自动化.白车身结构轻量化优化后弯曲刚度提升0.15%,扭转刚度降低0.03%,一阶扭转模态频率提高1.30%,一阶弯曲模态频率提高0.09%,碰撞安全性能基本不变的情况下,白车身质量降低24.17kg,减重率高达7.42%,取得了显著的轻量化效果.      

基于概念设计的客车车身结构设计与优化系统

针对客车车身结构概念设计的特点，开发了客车车身结构概念设计与优化系统（简称BCD），建立了参数化的客车车身结构概念模型.以该模型为模板，实现了新客车车身结构概念几何模型的创建和车身尺寸参数调整，同时建立了车身系统的静态刚度分析、低阶模态分析、灵敏度计算和优化设计计算的自动化过程，对车身的结构性能和低阶模态进行了有效的预估.最后，本文使用该系统计算了某客车车身结构的刚度和低阶模态，并在保证车身质量降低的情况下实现了刚度和低阶模态的提高，有效的改善该车身结构性能，实现了车身轻量化，验证了BCD系统的有效性和可靠性.     

低比转速离心叶轮的POD代理模型优化方法

针对离心泵叶轮水力优化过程中须不断预估叶型控制参数扰动对内流场变化的敏感性、计算量随控制参数的维数呈指数倍增长等不足,提出了基于本征正交分解(POD)代理模型的低比转速离心叶轮优化方法.采用泰勒多项式对离心泵叶片型线进行参数化控制,由控制参数扰动得到叶片型线的初始样本集,由叶片型线参数及叶轮CFD内流场数据构建样本快照集.采用POD方法预测各控制参数扰动下的流场,由此预估目标函数对控制变量的敏感性,并沿梯度矢量方向不断优化更新叶片型线.分析结果表明:POD代理模型能够快速地对流场进行精确的预测,大大减少离心泵优化设计的计算量.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.